Ukwelashwa nge-HIV: yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa ezifundwayo

-Delile

• 1. I-Cocktail ekhambi elilodwa nje
• 2. Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-antiretrovirals amahlanu, usawoti wegolide kanye ne-nicotinamide
• 3. Ukwelashwa ngokugoma kwabantu abane-HIV
• 4. Ukwelashwa ngamaseli eziqu
• 5. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PEP
• 6. Ukwelashwa kwe-Gene kanye ne-nanotechnology
• Ngoba namanje ingculazi ayinayo ikhambi

Kunocwaningo oluningi lwesayensi mayelana nokwelashwa kwengculazi futhi eminyakeni edlule sekuvele intuthuko eminingi, kubandakanya ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kwegciwane egazini labanye abantu, kubhekwe ukuthi ngokusobala bayelapheka ku-HIV, futhi kufanele kuhlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqinisekisa ikhambi.

Yize kunamacala athile okwelashwa, ucwaningo ngokuqedwa okuthe ngqo kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza lusaqhubeka, ngoba ukwelashwa okwakusebenza kumuntu oyedwa kungahle kungabi okomunye umuntu, noma ngoba igciwane liyakwazi ukushintsha kalula, okwenza kakhulu ukwelashwa okunzima.

Okunye intuthuko maqondana nokwelapha i-HIV yilena:

1. I-Cocktail ekhambi elilodwa nje

Ekwelapheni i-HIV kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezintathu zemithi nsuku zonke. Intuthuko kulokhu yenziwa ukwakhiwa kwekhambi le-3-in-1, elihlanganisa izidakamizwa ezi-3 ku-capsule eyodwa. Funda kabanzi mayelana nekhambi elingu-3 kwengu-1 le-AIDS lapha.

Le ndlela yokwelashwa yehluleka ukuqeda amagciwane e-HIV emzimbeni, kepha yehlisa inani legciwane egazini kakhulu, ishiye i-HIV ingatholakali. Lokhu akumele ikhambi eliqondile le-HIV, ngoba lapho igciwane libona isenzo somuthi, licasha ezindaweni lapho umuthi ungeke ungene khona, njengobuchopho, amaqanda kanye namasende. Ngakho-ke, lapho umuntu eyeka ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-HIV, iphindaphindeka ngokushesha futhi.

2. Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-antiretrovirals amahlanu, usawoti wegolide kanye ne-nicotinamide

Ukwelashwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezi-7 ezihlukene kube nemiphumela emihle kakhulu ngoba kuyasebenzisana ukuqeda igciwane le-HIV emzimbeni. Lezi zinto zikwazi ukuqeda amagciwane akhona emzimbeni, ziphoqa amagciwane afihlwe ezindaweni ezinjengobuchopho, amaqanda kanye namasende ukuthi zivele futhi, futhi ziphoqa amaseli atheleleke ngegciwane ukuthi azibulale.

Ucwaningo ngabantu lwenziwa ngale ndlela, kepha izifundo azikaqedwa.Naphezu kokuqeda ama-virus amaningi asele, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuqeda ngokuphelele amagciwane e-HIV. Kukholakala ukuthi ngemuva kwalokhu kungenzeka, kusazodingeka uphenyo olwengeziwe ngoba umuntu ngamunye angadinga imishanguzo yakhe ethize. Elinye lamasu afundwayo ngamaseli we-dendritic. Funda kabanzi mayelana nala maseli lapha.

3. Ukwelashwa ngokugoma kwabantu abane-HIV

Umuthi wokwelapha osetshenzisiwe osiza umzimba ukuthi ubone amaseli atheleleke nge-HIV okumele asetshenziswe ngokuhlangana nomuthi obizwa nge-Vorinostat, owenza amaseli 'alele' emzimbeni.

Ocwaningweni olwenziwe e-United Kingdom, isiguli sakwazi ukuqeda igciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngokuphelele, kepha abanye ababambiqhaza abangama-49 babengenayo imiphumela efanayo ngakho-ke kudingeka olunye ucwaningo ngokusebenza kwabo kuze kutholakale inqubo yokwelashwa Iyakwazi ukusetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke. Kungakho olunye ucwaningo luzokwenziwa ngale ndlela eminyakeni ezayo.

4. Ukwelashwa ngamaseli eziqu

Olunye ukwelashwa, olunama-stem cells, luye futhi lwakwazi ukuqeda igciwane le-HIV, kodwa njengoba lalihilela izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, alinakusetshenziswa ngezinga elikhulu ngoba lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eyingozi kakhulu, ngoba cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-5 abamukelayo ekufakelweni bafe ngesikhathi senqubo.

UTimothy Ray Brown wayeyisiguli sokuqala ukuthola ikhambi lengculazi ngemuva kokufakelwa umnkantsha ukuze welashwe i-leukemia nangemva kwenqubo inani legciwane egazini lakhe lehla kakhulu kwaze kwaba yilapho izivivinyo zakamuva ziqinisekisa ukuthi njengamanje akanalo i-HIV futhi kuthiwe uyindoda yokuqala ukwelashwa ngengculazi emhlabeni.

UTimothy wathola ama-stem cells kumuntu owayenezakhi zofuzo ezibalelwa ku-1% kuphela wabantu enyakatho yeYurophu abanakho: Ukungabikho kwe-CCR5 receptor, okumenza amelane negciwane le-HIV ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kuvimbele isiguli ekukhiqizeni amaseli atheleleke nge-HIV futhi, ngokwelapha, amangqamuzana asevele ethelelekile asuswa.

5. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PEP

I-post-exposure prophylaxis, ebizwa nangokuthi i-PEP, wuhlobo lwezokwelapha oluqukethe ukusebenzisa imishanguzo ngemuva nje kokuziphatha okuyingozi, lapho umuntu kungenzeka atheleleke khona. Njengakulesi sikhathi esisheshayo ngemuva kokuziphatha kusekhona amagciwane ambalwa azungeza egazini, kukhona ithuba 'lokwelashwa'. Okusho ukuthi, ngokomqondo umuntu wayenegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kodwa wathola ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi futhi lokhu kwakwanele ukuqeda i-HIV ngokuphelele.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwale mithi kwenziwe emahoreni amabili okuqala ngemuva kokuchayeka, ngoba lokhu kusebenza ngempumelelo enkulu. Yize kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo zokuthola igciwane le-HIV ezinsukwini ezingama-30 kanye nezingama-90 ngemuva kocansi olungavikelekile.

Lo muthi wehlisa amathuba okutheleleka ngokocansi ngo-100% nangama-70% ngokusebenzisa imijovo eyabiwe. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwayo akusishiyi ngaphandle isidingo sokusebenzisa amakhondomu kubo bonke abantu abaseduze, futhi akubandakanyi ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela i-HIV.

6. Ukwelashwa kwe-Gene kanye ne-nanotechnology

Enye indlela yokwelapha i-HIV ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kofuzo, okuqukethe ukuguqula ukwakheka kwamagciwane akhona emzimbeni, ngendlela evimbela ukuphindaphindeka kwayo. I-Nanotechnology nayo ingaba wusizo futhi ihambelana nenqubo lapho kungenzeka khona ukubeka zonke izindlela zokulwa naleli gciwane ku-1 capsule kuphela, okumele ithathwe isiguli izinyanga ezimbalwa, ibe yindlela yokwelashwa esebenza kahle nemiphumela engeyona eyingozi .

Ngoba namanje ingculazi ayinayo ikhambi

I-AIDS yisifo esibi esingakelapheki ngokuphelele, kepha kunezindlela zokwelapha ezinganciphisa kakhulu umthamo wegciwane futhi zelule isikhathi sokuphila komuntu one-HIV, zenze ngcono izinga lempilo lomuntu.

Njengamanje ukwelashwa kokutheleleka nge-HIV ngezinga elikhulu kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-cocktail yezidakamizwa, okuthi, yize ingakwazi ukuqeda nya igciwane le-HIV egazini, ikwazi ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila salowo muntu. Thola kabanzi mayelana nale cocktail ku-: AIDS Treatment.

Ikhambi lokulwa nengculazi alikatholakali, kodwa-ke seliseduze, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli ezazibhekwa njengezelaphekile kulesi sifo zihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukubheka ukuthi amasosha omzimba asabela kanjani nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini uphawu olukhombisa ukuthi ubukhona begciwane le-HIV.

Kukholakala ukuthi ukuqedwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kungahle kuhambisane nokusebenza okufanele kwesistimu yomzimba futhi kungavela lapho umzimba womuntu ukwazi ukuthola igciwane nakho konke ukuguquka kwalo, ukwazi ukuliqeda ngokuphelele, noma ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuthi azibhekiswe ngqo ekuvuseleleni amasosha omzimba, njengoba kwenzeka ekwelashweni kwezakhi zofuzo kanye ne-nanotechnology, esebenza ngezindlela ezihlukile.