Okufanele Ukwazi Ngesifo Sikashukela Nezivivinyo Zamehlo

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
• Izimbangela ze-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
• Izici ezinobungozi bokuphindaphindwa kwesifo sikashukela
• Ukukhulelwa
• Isikhathi eside nesifo sikashukela
• Ukuphathwa kabi kwezifo
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha
• Ubuhlanga
• Ukubhema
• Isifo sikashukela namehlo akho
• Itholakala kanjani i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela?
• I-Optical coherence tomography (i-OCT)
• I-Fluorescein angiography
• Ilungiselela ukuqokwa kwakho
• Letha imininingwane
• Letha uhlu lwemibuzo
• Yelashwa kanjani i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela?
• Ukulinda okulindile
• Indlela yokuphila enempilo
• Ukwelashwa kwe-laser okugxile
• Sabalalisa ukwelashwa kwe-laser
• I-Vitrectomy
• Amadivayisi wokusiza umbono
• Uyini umbono wabantu abane-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela?
• Ukuvimbela

Ukubuka konke

Isifo sikashukela yisifo esithinta kakhulu izindawo eziningi zomzimba wakho, kufaka phakathi amehlo akho. Kwandisa ubungozi bezimo zamehlo, njenge-glaucoma kanye ne-cataract. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ngempilo yamehlo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela yisimo esikhulayo lapho imithambo yegazi ku-retina yakho yonakala. I-retina yingxenye ezwela ukukhanya ngemuva kweso lakho. Njengoba umonakalo uya wanda, ungaqala ukulahlekelwa umbono wakho. Amehlo akho angafiphala, angafusi kakhulu, bese aqala ukunyamalala.

Lesi simo singathinta abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma sohlobo 2. Uma uhlala isikhathi eside nesifo sikashukela, maningi amathuba okuthi ube nezinkinga ezifana ne-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela. Kungakho ukwamukela ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila nokufunda ukuphatha isifo sikashukela kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izimpawu ze-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela

Esigabeni sayo sokuqala, i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ingadala izimpawu. Izimpawu zokuqala kungenzeka zingabonakali kakhulu noma zibe mnene. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimo singase sibe sibi kakhulu futhi siholele ekupheleleni bese sigcwalisa ubumpumputhe.

Kufanele ubone udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu:

• ama-floaters, noma amachashazi nezintambo ezimnyama, emkhakheni wakho wokubona
• izindawo ezimnyama noma ezingenalutho emkhakheni wakho wokubona
• ukungaboni kahle
• ubunzima bokugxila
• izinguquko zombono ezibonakala ziguquka
• kushintshe umbono wombala
• ukulahleka kombono okuyingxenye noma okuphelele

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ivame ukuthinta womabili amehlo ngasikhathi sinye nangendlela elinganayo. Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga ngeso elilodwa kuphela, akusho ukuthi awunayo i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela. Noma kunjalo, kungakhombisa enye inkinga yamehlo. Yenza isikhathi sokubona udokotela wakho ukuthola uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele.

Izimbangela ze-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela

Ukwanda koshukela omningi egazini lakho kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi zezempilo.Emehlweni akho, i-glucose eningi ingalimaza imithambo emincane eletha igazi ku-retina yakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo ungavimba ukugeleza kwegazi lakho.

Ukulimala okungapheli emithanjeni yegazi e-retina kuthinta umbono wakho. Lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kwakho kunciphile, iso lakho lizama ukulungisa isimo ngokukhulisa imithambo yegazi emisha. Inqubo yokukhula kwemithambo yegazi emisha ibizwa nge-neovascularization. Le mikhumbi ayisebenzi kahle noma iqine njengaleyo yasekuqaleni. Zingavuza noma zidabuke, okungaba nomthelela omubi kumbono wakho.

Izici ezinobungozi bokuphindaphindwa kwesifo sikashukela

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iyinkinga kunoma ngubani onesifo sikashukela. Kunezinye izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwesifo sikashukela:

Ukukhulelwa

Abesifazane abakhulelwe futhi abanesifo sikashukela bangathola izinkinga eziningi nge-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela kunabesifazane abanesifo sikashukela futhi abangakhulelwe. Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuthi unezivivinyo ezengeziwe zamehlo ngesikhathi ukhulelwe.

Isikhathi eside nesifo sikashukela

Uma unesifo sikashukela isikhathi eside, iba nkulu kakhulu ingozi yokuba nezinkinga, kufaka phakathi i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.

Ukuphathwa kabi kwezifo

Izingozi zakho zokuba nezinkinga ziphakeme uma isifo sakho sikashukela singalawulwa. Ukulawulwa okuqinile kwe-glycemic kuyithuluzi eliphumelela kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukubuya kwesifo sikashukela. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokusebenza eduze nodokotela wakho ukuphatha isifo sikashukela kubalulekile.

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha noma izifo nazo zingakhuphula ubungozi bakho bokuthuthukisa i-retinopathy. Kubandakanya umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.

Ubuhlanga

Abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika nabaseHispanics basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukubonwa kabusha kwesifo sikashukela kunabantu abaningi.

Ukubhema

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela ababhemayo kungenzeka babe ne-retinopathy.

Isifo sikashukela namehlo akho

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana nezinkinga zamehlo ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela kungukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kokungajwayelekile kwe-retinal, ukuqapha njalo, kanye nokwelashwa ngokushesha. Ukutholwa kokuqala kanye nokwelashwa kuvame ukuqala ngokuhlolwa kwe-retinal.

I-American Diabetes Association (ADA) incoma ukuthi abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 bahlolwe iso okokuqala eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala ngemuva kokuxilongwa. Uma une-type 2 yesifo sikashukela, i-ADA incoma ukuthi uhlolwe iso lakho ngemuva nje kokuthola ukuxilongwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 luvame ukungatholakali futhi lungatholakali iminyaka. I-retinopathy kungenzeka ukuthi isiqalile ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuhlolwa kweso kuzosiza udokotela wakho anqume ukuthi usuvele unawo yini umonakalo.

I-ADA incoma ukuthi uhlolwe iso unyaka nonyaka ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwakho kokuqala. Uma ugqoka izibuko noma oxhumana nabo, mhlawumbe udinga ukuhlolwa kwamehlo konyaka ukugcina umuthi wakho wezokwelapha usesikhathini. Phakathi nalolo vivinyo, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo ezimbalwa ukubona ukuthi umbono wakho ushintshile ngenxa yesifo sikashukela.

Ungahle uhlakulele ukubonwa kabusha kwe-retinopathy bese uthola ukuthi izimpawu zakho aziqhubeki noma zingama ngokuphelele. Uma lokho kwenzeka, amathuba okuthi uzoqapha amehlo akho ngezinguquko impilo yakho yonke aphezulu. Uma udokotela wakho ekuxilonga nge-retinopathy futhi ekuphatha ngakho, bangacela izivivinyo kaningana ngonyaka. Inani lezivivinyo zamehlo oludingayo unyaka ngamunye lizoya kakhulu ngobukhulu be-retinopathy.

Itholakala kanjani i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela?

Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthi isifo sikashukela sinokubukeka kanjani lapho unesifo sikashukela ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo. Kulesi sivivinyo, udokotela wezifo zamehlo uzobeka amaconsi emehlweni akho ukunweba, noma ukunwebeka, abafundi bakho. Ukuxuba abafundi bakho kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho kalula futhi ahlole umonakalo obangelwe yi-retinopathy.

Ngenkathi amehlo akho evulekile, udokotela wakho futhi angaqhuba esinye sezivivinyo ezimbili zokuxilonga:

I-Optical coherence tomography (i-OCT)

I-OCT inikeza izithombe zamehlo akho. Le mibono ithathwe esigabeni esiphambanweni ukuze udokotela wakho abone imininingwane emihle kakhulu yamehlo akho. Lezi zithombe zikhombisa ukushuba kwe-retina yakho nalapho uketshezi lungavuza khona emithanjeni yegazi elimele.

I-Fluorescein angiography

Udokotela wakho angathatha izithombe zangaphakathi kwamehlo akho ngenkathi zivulekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngenkathi amehlo akho esavulekile, udokotela wakho uzokujova udayi okhethekile engalweni yakho. Lo dayi uzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ukuthi imiphi imithambo yegazi enezivimba nokuthi yimiphi imithambo evuza igazi.

Ilungiselela ukuqokwa kwakho

Woza ekuqokweni kwakho ulungele ukukhuluma ngalokho oke wahlangabezana nakho.

Letha imininingwane

Bhala imininingwane elandelayo uze nayo:

• izimpawu obhekene nazo
• lapho izimpawu zenzeka
• ayini amazinga akho kashukela egazini ngesikhathi sesiqephu
• uhlu lwezinye izinkinga zezempilo onazo ngaphezu kwezinkinga zombono, ukuthi zenzeka nini, nokuthi yini ezenza ziyeke
• noma yiluphi olunye ulwazi ocabanga ukuthi lubalulekile ukuthi udokotela wakho alwazi

Letha uhlu lwemibuzo

Udokotela wakho uzoba nemibuzo eminingi nolwazi lwakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uzilungiselele ngohlu lwemibuzo onayo mayelana nalokho obukade uhlangabezana nakho nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezingaba.

Yelashwa kanjani i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela?

Ukwelashwa kwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela kuhlose ukunciphisa noma ukumisa ukuqhubeka kwesimo. Ukwelashwa okuqondile kuncike ekutheni hlobo luni lwe-retinopathy onalo, ukuthi isimo sakho sinzima kangakanani, nokuthi silawulwa kahle kangakanani isifo sikashukela sakho. Ukwelashwa okungenzeka kufaka lokhu okulandelayo:

Ukulinda okulindile

Kungenzeka ukuthi awusakudingi ukwelashwa uma i-retinopathy yakho ingenamandla noma ibangela noma yiziphi izimpawu. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo minyaka yonke kusabalulekile, noma kunjalo. Ukuya ezivivinyweni zaminyaka yonke ukuphela kwendlela udokotela wakho angabheka ngayo izinguquko.

Indlela yokuphila enempilo

Kufanele uphathe isifo sikashukela futhi ulawule i-glucose yegazi lakho ukunciphisa amathuba okuthi i-retinopathy yakho ibe yimbi kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-laser okugxile

Ungadinga ukwelashwa okugxile kwelaser uma usuthuthukise ukubonwa kabusha kwesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kwelashwa kungamisa noma kunciphise ukuvuza kwegazi emithanjeni yakho yegazi ngokushisa imithambo yegazi engajwayelekile. Lokhu kwelashwa kufanele kumise izimpawu futhi kungaziguqula.

Sabalalisa ukwelashwa kwe-laser

Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa kwelaser lunganciphisa imithambo yegazi engajwayelekile futhi luyenze ibe nesibazi ngakho mancane amathuba okuthi ikhule noma iqhume esikhathini esizayo.

I-Vitrectomy

Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlinzwa okuncane okubizwa nge-vitrectomy ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-retinopathy uma indlela yokuphila noma imishanguzo ye-laser ingasebenzi. Phakathi nale nqubo, udokotela wakho uzokwenza imbobo encane esweni lakho ukuze asuse igazi eliye lavuza emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Udokotela wakho uzosusa nezicubu ezibomvu ezidonsa ku-retina yakho futhi zithinte umbono wakho.

Amadivayisi wokusiza umbono

Izinkinga zombono zivamise ukuzilungisa uma ukwelashwa sekuphelile futhi amehlo akho abe nesikhathi sokululama. Udokotela wakho angaphatha noma yiziphi izinguquko zombono ezihlala njalo ngamadivayisi okusiza umbono, njengothintana nabo noma izibuko.

Uyini umbono wabantu abane-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela?

Ukwelashwa kwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela kaningi kuyimpumelelo enkulu, kepha akulona ikhambi. Isifo sikashukela yisimo esingelapheki, okusho ukuthi cishe uzohlangabezana nezinkinga zalesi simo impilo yakho yonke. Lokhu kufaka nezinkinga zokubona.

Uma uba ne-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, ungathola ukukhululeka ngokwelashwa, kodwa uzodinga izivivinyo zamehlo ezijwayelekile ukubheka izinkinga eziya ziba zimbi. Ekugcineni ungadinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kwe-retinopathy.

Ukuvimbela

Indlela engcono yokunciphisa imiphumela yesifo sikashukela emehlweni akho nawo wonke umzimba wakho ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho nokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo. Ungenza okulandelayo ukusiza ukuvimbela ukulahleka kombono nezinye izinkinga zesifo sikashukela:

• Iya emihlanganweni ejwayelekile nodokotela wakho ukuze uhlole impilo yakho, kubandakanya nempilo yamehlo akho.
• Ungeqi kuma-aphoyintimenti ngoba awubhekene nezinkinga ezithile. Ezinye zezimpawu ezijwayelekile kakhulu empeleni zingaba wuphawu oluncane lwenkinga enkulu.
• Xhumana nodokotela wakho khona manjalo uma kukhona okushintsha ngempilo yakho noma kumbono wakho.
• Yeka ukubhema uma ubhema.
• Yehlisa isisindo uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile. Ukwehla kwesisindo kubalulekile ekulawuleni ushukela wegazi lakho.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin yakho futhi wehlise amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo, okunomsoco ukukusiza ukuthi uzuze futhi ugcine isisindo somzimba esifanele.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma unenkinga yokwehlisa isisindo noma ukuyeka ukubhema. Bangakusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho futhi angakudlulisela kudokotela wezokudla ongakusiza ukuthi wakhe ukudla okukhuthaza ukwehla kwesisindo nempilo enempilo.