Itholakala kanjani i-meningitis

-Delile

• 1. Ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu
• 2. Isiko le-CRL
• 3. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo
• 4. Ukulingisa izivivinyo
• 5. Ukuhlolwa kwendebe

Ukuxilongwa kwe-meningitis kwenziwa ngokubheka emitholampilo izimpawu zesifo futhi kuqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-lumbar puncture, equkethe ukususwa kwesamba esincane se-CSF emgodini womgogodla. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungakhombisa uma kukhona ukuvuvukala kuma-meninges nokuthi iyiphi i-ejenti ebangela ukuxilongwa nokuqondisa ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo.

Ukuhlolwa nezivivinyo ezinga-odolwa ngudokotela yilezi:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu

Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-meningitis kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu ngudokotela, ubheka ukuthi ngabe umuntu uzizwa ubuhlungu noma ubunzima bokuhambisa intamo, unemfiva ephezulu futhi engazelelwe, isiyezi, ubunzima bokugxila, ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, ukungabi naluthando, ukoma nokudideka kwengqondo, isibonelo.

Ngokuya ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu ezethulwe yisiguli, udokotela angacela ezinye izivivinyo ukuqedela ukuxilongwa. Yazi ezinye izimpawu ze-meningitis.

2. Isiko le-CRL

Isiko le-CSF, elibizwa nangokuthi i-cerebrospinal fluid noma i-CSF, lingenye yezivivinyo ezinkulu zaselebhu eziceliwe ukuxilongwa kwe-meningitis. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuqukethe ukuthatha isampula le-CSF, okuwuketshezi olutholakala nxazonke zesimiso sezinzwa, ngesibhobo se-lumbar, esithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolisiswe futhi icwaningwe ngamagciwane amancane.

Lokhu kuhlolwa akuthokozisi, kepha kuyashesha, futhi kuvame ukudala ikhanda nokuphathwa yisiyezi ngemuva kwenqubo, kepha kwezinye izimo kungakhulula izimpawu ze-meningitis ngokwehlisa ingcindezi ye-cranial.

Ukuvela kwalolu ketshezi sekuvele sekukhombisa ukuthi ngabe umuntu une-bacterial meningitis ngoba kuleli cala, uketshezi lungaba namafu kanti uma kwenzeka isifo sofuba i-meningitis lungaba namafu kancane, kwezinye izinhlobo ukubukeka kungaqhubeka kuhlanzeke futhi kube sobala njengamanzi.

3. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo

Ukuhlolwa komchamo nokuhlolwa kwegazi nakho kungalawulwa ukusiza ukuxilonga i-meningitis. Ukuhlolwa komchamo kungakhombisa ubukhona bokutheleleka, ngenxa yokubona kwamagciwane kanye nama-leukocyte amaningi emchameni, ngakho-ke, isiko lomchamo lingakhonjiswa ukukhomba i-microorganism.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kucelwa kakhulu ukwazi isimo somuntu jikelele, okungakhombisa ukwanda kwenani lama-leukocyte nama-neutrophils, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukubona ama-lymphocyte angama-atypical, endabeni ye-CBC, kanye nokwanda ukugxila kweCRP egazini, okubonisa ukutheleleka.

Imvamisa lapho kunophawu lokutheleleka ngamagciwane, kunganconywa i-bacterioscopy futhi, uma umuntu elaliswe esibhedlela, isiko legazi, eliqukethe isiko lesampula segazi elabhorethri ukubheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka egazini. Endabeni ye-bacterioscopy, isampula eliqoqwe esigulini libekwe ibala le-Gram bese lihlaziywa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuqinisekisa izici zebhakteriya futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, lisize ekuxilongweni.

Ngokwemiphumela yezivivinyo ze-microbiological, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uhlole ukuthi imuphi umuthi olwa namagciwane ozwelana nawo, okuyiyona enconywa kakhulu ekwelapheni i-meningitis. Thola ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-meningitis kwenziwa kanjani.

4. Ukulingisa izivivinyo

Ukulingwa kokuhlolwa, okufana ne-computed tomography kanye ne-magnetic resonance imaging, kukhonjiswa kuphela lapho kusolwa ukulimala kobuchopho noma i-sequelae eshiywe yi-meningitis. Kunezimpawu ezisolisayo lapho umuntu exhuzula, eshintsha ngosayizi wezinhlamvu zamehlo futhi uma kusolwa isifo sofuba i-meningitis.

Lapho kutholakala lesi sifo, isiguli kufanele sihlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze kuqale ukwelashwa, ngokuya ngemithi elwa namagciwane uma kwenzeka i-bacterial meningitis noma imishanguzo yokwehlisa umkhuhlane futhi yehlise ukungakhululeki uma kwenzeka i-viral meningitis.

5. Ukuhlolwa kwendebe

Ukuhlolwa kwenkomishi ukuhlolwa okulula okungasetshenziswa ukusiza ekutholeni i-meningococcal meningitis, okuwuhlobo lwe-bacterial meningitis olubonakala ngokuba khona kwamabala abomvu esikhunjeni. Ukuhlolwa kuqukethe ukucindezela inkomishi yengilazi ebonakalayo engalweni nokubheka ukuthi amabala abomvu ahlala yini futhi angabonakala ngengilazi, engabonakalisa lesi sifo.