Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngemiphumela emibi ye-Dialysis

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-dialysis?
• Ukuhlolwa kweHemodialysis
• I-Peritoneal dialysis
• Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kokushintshwa kwezinso (CRRT)
• Iyini imiphumela emibi ngohlobo lwe-dialysis?
• Ukuhlolwa kweHemodialysis
• I-Peritoneal dialysis
• Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kokushintshwa kwezinso (CRRT)
• Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa kwemiphumela emibi ye-dialysis?
• Uyini umbono wabantu abanemiphumela emibi evela ku-dialysis?
• Ukuthatha

I-Dialysis iyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo yabantu abanezinso ezihluleka ukusebenza. Lapho uqala i-dialysis, ungahle ube nemiphumela engemihle efana nomfutho wegazi ophansi, ukungalingani kwamaminerali, amahlule egazi, ukutheleleka, ukuzuza kwesisindo, nokuningi.

Ithimba lakho lokunakekela lingakusiza ukuthi uphathe imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-dialysis ukuze ingaholeli ezinkingeni zesikhathi eside.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola imiphumela emibi ye-dialysis, kufaka phakathi ukuthi kungani kwenzeka nokuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-dialysis?

I-Dialysis inqubo yokwelashwa yokusiza abantu abanezihlungi zomsebenzi wezinso ophansi futhi bahlanze igazi labo. Isimo esivame kakhulu esidinga i-dialysis ukuhluleka kwezinso. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-dialysis.

Ukuhlolwa kweHemodialysis

IHemodialysis isebenzisa umshini obizwa nge- hemodialyzer ukuhlunga imfucuza egazini.

Ngaphambi kokuqala i-hemodialysis, ichweba lokufinyelela lenziwa endaweni ethile emzimbeni, njengengalo noma intamo. Le ndawo yokungena bese ixhunywe kwi-hemodialyzer, esebenza njengezinso zokufakelwa ukususa igazi, ukulihlanza, nokulihluza libuyele emzimbeni.

I-Peritoneal dialysis

I-Peritoneal dialysis idinga ukubekwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-catheter yesisu. Le nqubo isebenzisa uketshezi lokuhlunga ngaphakathi kolwelwesi lwesisu ukuhlunga nokuhlanza igazi. Lolu ketshezi, olubizwa ngokuthi i-dialysate, lubekwe ngaphakathi komgodi we-peritoneal futhi lumunca ngqo imfucuza egazini njengoba ijikeleza.

Lapho uketshezi seluwenzile umsebenzi walo, lungakhishwa futhi lilahlwe, bese inqubo iqala futhi.

I-Peritoneal dialysis ingenziwa ekhaya lakho futhi kwesinye isikhathi yenziwa ngobusuku obubodwa ngenkathi ulele.

Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kokushintshwa kwezinso (CRRT)

Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kokushintshwa kwezinso, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-hemofiltration, nakho kusetshenziswa umshini ukuhlunga imfucuza egazini.

Lokhu kwelashwa, okuvame ukubekelwa ukwehluleka kwezinso okunamandla okubangelwa yizimo ezithile zezempilo, kwenziwa kuphela esimweni sesibhedlela.

Iyini imiphumela emibi ngohlobo lwe-dialysis?

Kubantu abaningi abanokuhluleka kwezinso, i-dialysis inqubo edingekayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezingozi nemiphumela emibi ehambisana nalokhu kwelashwa.

Umphumela ojwayelekile kakhulu wazo zonke izinqubo ze-dialysis ukukhathala. Eminye imiphumela emibi ngohlobo lwezokwelapha ihlanganisa:

Ukuhlolwa kweHemodialysis

• Umfutho wegazi ophansi. Umfutho wegazi ophansi, noma i-hypotension, ngesikhathi se-hemodialysis kwenzeka ngenxa yokulahleka oketshezi kwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Uma umfutho wegazi lakho wehla ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ungahle ubone isiyezi, isicanucanu, isikhumba se-clammy, kanye nokubona okufiphele.
• Amajaqamba emisipha. Amajaqamba emisipha angenzeka ngesikhathi se-dialysis ngenxa yoshintsho kubhalansi woketshezi noma wamaminerali. Amazinga aphansi e-sodium, i-magnesium, i-calcium ne-potassium angadlala indima ekucingeni imisipha.
• Isikhumba esilumayo. Phakathi kwezikhathi ze-hemodialysis, imfucuza ingaqala ukuqoqana egazini. Kwabanye abantu, lokhu kungaholela esikhunjeni esilumayo. Uma ukulunywa ikakhulu kusemilenzeni, kungenzeka futhi kungenxa yesifo semilenze esingazinzile.
• Amahlule egazi. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukufaka indawo yokufinyelela kuholela ekunciphiseni kwemithambo yegazi. Uma kushiywe kungalashwa, lokhu kungadala ukuvuvukala engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba noma ngisho namahlule egazi.
• Ukutheleleka. Ukufakwa kaningi kwezinaliti noma ama-catheters ngesikhathi se-dialysis kungakhuphula ukuvezwa kwamagciwane. Uma amabhaktheriya engena egazini ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ungaba sengozini yokutheleleka noma i-sepsis. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngokushesha, i-sepsis ingaholela ekufeni.
• Eminye imiphumela emibi. Ezinye izingozi nemiphumela emibi ye-hemodialysis ingafaka i-anemia, ukulala okunzima, izimo zenhliziyo, noma ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo. Eminingi yale miphumela emibi ingenxa yokungalingani koketshezi nokwezimbiwa okungabangelwa yi-dialysis.

I-Peritoneal dialysis

Ngaphandle kobungozi bokutheleleka, imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ye-peritoneal dialysis yehluke kancane kuleyo ye-hemodialysis.

• I-Peritonitis. I-Peritonitis ukutheleleka kwe-peritoneum okwenzeka uma amabhaktheriya engena kwi-peritoneum ngesikhathi sokufakwa noma ukusebenzisa i-catheter. Izimpawu ze-peritonitis zingabandakanya ubuhlungu besisu, ubumnene, ukuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, nohudo.
• Hernia. I-hernia yenzeka lapho isitho noma isicubu esinamafutha sidudula imbobo yomsipha. Abantu abathola i-peritoneal dialysis basengozini yokuthola i-hernia yesisu ngoba i-dialysate ibeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe odongeni lwesisu. Uphawu oluvame kakhulu yisigaxa esincane esiswini.
• Ushukela ophakeme wegazi. I-Dialysate iqukethe ushukela obizwa nge-dextrose, ovame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokudla okufaka emithanjeni. Izishukela ezinjenge-dextrose ziphakamisa ushukela wegazi, ongabeka abantu abanesifo sikashukela abadinga i-peritoneal dialysis engcupheni ye-hyperglycemia.
• I-potassium ephezulu. I-potassium ephezulu, eyaziwa njenge-hyperkalemia, ingumphumela ohlangothini ovamile wokuhluleka kwezinso. Phakathi kwezikhathi ze-dialysis, amazinga akho e-potassium angakha ngenxa yokushoda kokuhlunga okufanele.
• Ukuzuza kwesisindo. Ukuzuza kwesisindo kungenzeka futhi ngenxa yamakholori angeziwe avela ekuphathweni kwe-dialysate. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izinto ezahlukahlukene ezingathinta ukuzuza kwesisindo ngesikhathi se-dialysis, njengokuntuleka kokuvivinya umzimba nokudla okunempilo.
• Eminye imiphumela emibi. Kwabanye abantu, ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kwezinqubo zokwelashwa eziqhubekayo kungaholela ekucindezelekeni. Ucwaningo luphakamise nokuxhumana okukhona phakathi kwe-dialysis ne-dementia kamuva empilweni.

Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kokushintshwa kwezinso (CRRT)

Imiphumela emibi ye-CRRT ayizange ifundwe kabanzi njengaleyo ebangelwa ezinye izinhlobo. Okukodwa kusuka ku-2015 kutholakale ukuthi imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-CRRT ifakiwe:

• amazinga we-calcium aphansi, abizwa nge-hypocalcemia
• amazinga aphezulu e-calcium, abizwa nge-hypercalcemia
• amazinga aphezulu e-phosphorus, abizwa nge-hyperphosphatemia
• umfutho wegazi ophansi
• i-hypothermia
• arrythmia
• i-anemia
• ukubalwa kweplatelet ephansi, noma i-thrombocytopenia

Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa kwemiphumela emibi ye-dialysis?

Imiphumela eminingi emibi ye-dialysis, kufaka phakathi umfutho wegazi ophansi nezinye izimo zenhliziyo, yenzeka ngenxa yokungalingani kwezakhi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Isazi sokudla esibhalisiwe singanikeza izincomo ezifanele zokudla, kufaka phakathi ukuthi yini okufanele uyidle nokuthi yini okufanele uyigweme.

Ezinye izinto ongazenza ekhaya ukunciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela emibi ye-dialysis zifaka:

• ukuhlola indawo okungena kuyo njalo, okungasiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngokwanele, njengokuzivocavoca umzimba nge-aerobic okuphansi kuya kokulingene, okungasiza ukunciphisa ukuzuza kwesisindo
• amanzi okuphuza noma oketshezi ngokwemiyalo yomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, okunganciphisa ukomisa
• ukuba nezikhathi ezivame kakhulu ze-dialysis, okukhombisile kunganciphisa ingozi yomfutho wegazi ophansi nokuzuza kwesisindo
• ukujabulela imisebenzi oyithandayo, engakhuphula imizwa yakho kulo lonke ukwelashwa

Yize imiphumela emibi ye-dialysis ijwayelekile ngendlela emangalisayo, kubalulekile ukugcina iqembu lakho lokunakekela lisemaphethelweni nganoma yini okungenzeka uhlangabezana nayo. Funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha khona manjalo uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-dialysis noma ngemuva kwaso:

• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ukudideka noma inkinga yokugxila
• ubuhlungu, ubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala ezithweni
• umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101 ° F
• ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Lezi zimpawu zingahlotshaniswa ne-hypotension, i-hyperglycemia, amahlule egazi, noma ukutheleleka okunzima futhi kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Uyini umbono wabantu abanemiphumela emibi evela ku-dialysis?

Uma uhluleka izinso futhi izinso zakho zingasasebenzi, ungadinga i-dialysis yempilo yonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungathola izimpawu ze-dialysis njalo. Kodwa-ke, usengaphila impilo ephelele ngokulawula izimpawu zakho ngosizo lweqembu lakho lokunakekela.

Ukuthatha

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-hemodialysis ifaka umfutho wegazi ophansi, ukutheleleka kokungena esizeni, amajaqamba, isikhumba esilumayo, kanye namahlule egazi. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-peritoneal dialysis ifaka i-peritonitis, i-hernia, ushintsho kushukela wegazi, ukungalingani kwe-potassium, nokuzuza kwesisindo.

Bika noma yiziphi izimpawu ohlangabezana nazo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa eqenjini lakho lokunakekela. Bangakusiza ukuthi ubaphathe ngokushintsha kokudla nezindlela zokuphila.

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophansi ngokweqile, ushukela ophakeme wegazi, amahlule, noma ukutheleleka okusakazekayo, kufanele ufune usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha.