Izifo zemitochondrial: ziyini, izimbangela, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani

Izifo zeMitochondrial yizifo zofuzo kanye nezofuzo ezibonakala ngokuntuleka noma ukwehla komsebenzi we-mitochondria, ngokukhiqizwa kwamandla okunganele esitokisini, okungaholela ekufeni kwamangqamuzana futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwehluleka komzimba.

IMitochondria yizinhlaka ezincane ezikhona ngaphakathi kwamaseli abhekene nokukhiqiza amandla angaphezu kuka-90% wamandla adingekayo ukuze amaseli enze umsebenzi wawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-mitochondria nayo iyabandakanyeka enqubweni yokwakha iqembu lama-hemoglobin we-heme, ku-metabolism ye-cholesterol, ama-neurotransmitters kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-radicals wamahhala. Ngakho-ke, noma yiluphi ushintsho ekusebenzeni kwe-mitochondria lungaba nemiphumela emibi kwezempilo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zezifo ze-mitochondrial ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngokuguquka, inani le-mitochondria elithintekile ngaphakathi kweseli kanye nenani lamaseli abandakanyekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingahluka ngokuya ngokuthi amangqamuzana ne-mitochondria akuphi.

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu nezimpawu ezingase zibonise izifo ze-mitochondrial yizi:

• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha nokulahleka kokuhlangana kwemisipha, ngoba imisipha idinga amandla amaningi;
• Izinguquko zomqondo nokuwohloka kobuchopho;
• Izinguquko emathunjini, lapho kunezinguquko ezihlobene nohlelo lokugaya ukudla;
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo, zamehlo, zezinso noma zesibindi.

Izifo ze-mitochondrial zingavela noma ngasiphi isikhathi empilweni, kepha-ke ukusheshe kubonakale ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, ziba zimbi kakhulu izimpawu futhi kukhule nezinga lokufa.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kunzima, ngoba izimpawu zalesi sifo zingaphakamisa ezinye izimo. Ukuxilongwa kwe-mitochondrial kuvame ukwenziwa kuphela lapho imiphumela yezivivinyo ezivame ukucelwa ingacaci.

Ukuhlonzwa kwesifo se-mitochondrial kuvame ukwenziwa odokotela abasebenza ngezifo ze-mitochondrial ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kofuzo nokwamangqamuzana.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izifo ze-Mitochondrial ziyizakhi zofuzo, okungukuthi, zibonakala ngokuya noma ukungabikho kwezinguquko ku-DNA ye-mitochondrial nangokuya ngomthelela wokuguquka kweseli ngaphakathi kweseli. Iseli ngalinye emzimbeni linamakhulu we-mitochondria ku-cytoplasm yayo, ngayinye inezinto zayo zofuzo.

I-mitochondria ekhona ngaphakathi kweseli elifanayo ingahluka komunye nomunye, njengoba inani nenhlobo ye-DNA ku-mitochondria ingahluka kuseli neseli. Isifo seMitochondrial senzeka lapho ngaphakathi kweseli elifanayo kukhona i-mitochondria enezakhi zofuzo eziguquliwe futhi lokhu kunomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwe-mitochondria. Ngakho-ke, i-mitochondria enesici esithe xaxa, kukhiqizwa amandla amancane futhi kukhulu namathuba okufa kweseli, okubeka engcupheni ukusebenza kwesitho okukuso iseli.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwesifo se-mitochondrial kuhlose ukukhuthaza inhlalakahle yomuntu nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamavithamini, hydration kanye nokudla okulinganiselayo kunganconywa ngudokotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyalulekwa ngokumelene nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yomzimba enamandla kakhulu ukuze kungabikho ukuntuleka kwamandla ukugcina imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu alondoloze amandla abo.

Yize kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwezifo ze-mitochondrial, kungenzeka ukuvimbela ukuguquka okuqhubekayo kwe-DNA ye-mitochondrial ekudlulisweni kusuka esizukulwaneni ngesizukulwane. Lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngokuhlanganisa i-nucleus yeseli leqanda, elihambisana neqanda elikhulelisiwe nesidoda, ne-mitochondria enempilo evela komunye umuntu wesifazane, obizwa nge-mitochondria donor.

Ngakho-ke, umbungu uzoba nezinto zofuzo zabazali kanye ne-mitochondrial yomunye umuntu, obizwa ngokuthi "ingane yabazali abathathu". Yize isebenza ngempumelelo maqondana nokuphazamiseka kofuzo, le ndlela isadinga ukwenziwa njalo futhi yamukelwe ngamakomidi wokuziphatha.