8 izifo ezinkulu ezizimele nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze

-Delile

• 1. Uhlelo Lupus Erythematosus
• 2. Isifo samathambo
• 3. I-Multiple sclerosis
• 4. IHashimoto's thyroiditis
• 5. I-hemolytic anemia
• 6. I-Vitiligo
• 7. Isifo sikaSjogren
• 8. Thayipha 1 isifo sikashukela

Izifo zokuzivikela komzimba yilezo ezibonakala ngokuphendula kwamasosha omzimba emzimbeni ngokwawo, lapho amaseli aphilile abhujiswa amasosha omzimba, okungaholela kwezinye izifo ezifana ne-lupus, i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-hemolytic anemia kanye nesifo sikaCrohn, okumele bakhonjwe bese belashwa ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela.

Ukutholakala kwezifo ezizimele komzimba kuvame ukwenziwa ngokubheka izimpawu nezimpawu ezivezwa ngumuntu, ezahlukahluka ngokuya ngesifo, nangezivivinyo zomzimba, zamangqamuzana nezokucabanga.

Izifo eziyinhloko zokuzivikela komzimba yilezi:

1. Uhlelo Lupus Erythematosus

ISystemic lupus erythematosus, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-SLE, iyisifo esizimele lapho amaseli okuvikela omzimba ehlasela amangqamuzana omzimba aphilile, okwenza ukuvuvukala kwamalunga, amehlo, izinso nesikhumba, ngokwesibonelo. Lesi sifo senzeka ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuvela ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengane, ngakho-ke, kujwayelekile ukuthi izimpawu nezimpawu ze-SLE zivele ezigulini ezisencane.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko: Izimpawu ze-Lupus zivela ekuqubukeni, okungukuthi, umuntu unezikhathi ezingenazo izimpawu kanti ezinye zinezimpawu, futhi lesi sikhathi sivame ukubangelwa yizinto eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba noma ezithanda ukubonakala kwemitholampilo, njengokusebenzisa kweminye imithi noma ukuvezwa ilanga isikhathi eside.

Uphawu olukhulu lwe-SLE ukuvela kwendawo ebomvu ebusweni obumile njengovemvane, futhi kungahle kube nobuhlungu emajoyintini, ukukhathala ngokweqile nokubukeka kwezilonda emlonyeni nasekhaleni. Lapho kukhona lezi zimpawu, udokotela ojwayelekile noma i-rheumatologist ikhombisa ukusebenza komchamo nokuhlolwa kwegazi okusiza ukuqeda ukuxilongwa, nokuba khona kwamaprotheni amaningi emchameni, izinguquko esibalweni segazi nokuba khona kwama-autoantibodies qinisekiswa.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kwe-SLE kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya ngesincomo se-rheumatologist noma udokotela ojwayelekile futhi kuhlose ukuqeda izimpawu nokuzivimbela ukuthi zivele kaninginingi, njengoba lesi sifo singelapheki. Ngakho-ke, udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, ama-corticosteroids kanye nama-immunosuppressants.

Qonda ukuthi ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-systemic lupus erythematosus kwenziwa kanjani.

2. Isifo samathambo

Isifo samathambo sibonakala ngokuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwamalunga ngenxa yesenzo samasosha omzimba emzimbeni uqobo. Imbangela yesifo samathambo ayisacaci kahle, kepha kukholakala ukuthi ezinye izinto zingavuna ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, njengokutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ngamagciwane ngokwesibonelo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko: Izimpawu zesifo samathambo, njenge-lupus, zingavela futhi zinyamalale ngaphandle kwencazelo, okuyinhloko ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ejoyinini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqina nobunzima bokuhambisa ijoyini, umkhuhlane, ukukhathala kanye ne-malaise kungabonakala. Yazi ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu zesifo samathambo.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kufanele kunconywe yi-rheumatologist noma udokotela ojwayelekile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa nokuvuvukala ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuqeda izimpawu kuvame ukukhonjiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kwenziwe ukugwema ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokunyakaza kokujoyina.

3. I-Multiple sclerosis

I-Multiple sclerosis ibonakala ngokucekelwa phansi kwe-myelin sheath, okuyisakhiwo esimboza ama-neuron futhi esivumela ukudluliswa komfutho wezinzwa amaseli amasosha omzimba, okuholela ekubandakanyeni kwesistimu yezinzwa.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko: Izimpawu ze-multiple sclerosis ziyaqhubeka, okusho ukuthi, ziba zimbi kakhulu njengoba kuhileleke uhlelo lwezinzwa, okuholela ekubeni buthakathaka kwemisipha, ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukuluma ezingalweni noma emilenzeni, ukuhamba kanzima, ukungasebenzi komchamo noma ukuchama, izinguquko ezibukwayo kanye nokulahleka kwememori, ngoba isibonelo. Ngakho-ke, njengoba isifo siqhubeka, umuntu uya ngokuya ancike kakhulu, okuphazamisa ngqo ikhwalithi yempilo yakhe.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kwe-multiple sclerosis kuvame ukufaka ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwezifo nokukhuthaza ukukhululeka kwezimpawu, njengezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, ama-immunoglobulins kanye ne-corticosteroids. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu enze amaseshini okwelapha ngokomzimba njalo ukuze izicubu zisebenze njalo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, i-atrophy ephelele ingagwenywa. Bheka kuvidiyo engezansi ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-physiotherapy ye-multiple sclerosis kufanele kube kanjani:

4. IHashimoto's thyroiditis

IHashimoto's thyroiditis ibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwendlala ngenxa yokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba kumaseli e-thyroid, okuholela ekwandeni noma kokujwayelekile kwe-thyroid, okusheshe kulandelwe umsebenzi ophansi, ukuthuthukisa i-hypothyroidism.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko: Izimpawu ezihlobene ne-Hashimoto's thyroiditis ziyefana ne-hypothyroidism, ngokukhathala ngokweqile, ukulahleka kwezinwele, isikhumba esibandayo nesiphaphathekile, ukungabekezeleli amakhaza, ukuzuza kwesisindo okulula kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha noma obuhlangene.

Njengoba izimpawu ze-Hashimoto's thyroiditis ziyefana naleyo ye-hypothyroidism, i-endocrinologist idinga ukuthi umuntu enze izivivinyo ezithile ezihlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid ukuze kuqinisekiswe isifo se-autoimmune, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kungaqalwa. Ngakho-ke, kunganconywa isilinganiso se-T3, T4 ne-TSH, ngaphezu kwesilinganiso se-thyroid antiperoxidase, ebizwa nangokuthi i-anti-TPO, okuyi-antibody ekhiqizwa amasosha omzimba okwandiswa ku-Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-anti-TPO nokuthi kusho ukuthini uma iphakeme.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kwe-Hashimoto's thyroiditis kukhonjiswa kuphela ngudokotela we-endocrinologist lapho umuntu enezimpawu, lapho-ke kunconywa ukuthi kufakwe i-hormone ne-Levothyroxine isikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha. Kubalulekile futhi ukunaka ukudla, ukudla ukudla okune-iodine, i-zinc ne-selenium, isibonelo, okuyizakhamzimba ezithanda ukusebenza kahle kwe-thyroid.

5. I-hemolytic anemia

I-hemolytic anemia yenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba eqala ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokucekela phansi amaseli abomvu egazi, abangele i-anemia. Lolu hlobo lwe-anemia luvame kakhulu kubantu abadala futhi akukaziwa ukuthi kungani kwenziwa ama-antibodies alwa namaseli abomvu egazi, kepha kukholakala ukuthi ukwehla kwamasosha omzimba ngokutheleleka okuthile, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile noma Ukuba khona kwesifo sokuzivikela komzimba kungavumela ukuvela kwe-hemolytic anemia.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko: Izimpawu ze-hemolytic anemia zihlobene nokwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi, i-hemoglobin futhi, ngenxa yalokho, i-oksijeni ejikeleza egazini, ngobuthakathaka, ukubola, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, ikhanda, izinzipho ezibuthakathaka, ukwehluleka kwememori, isikhumba esomile kanye nokugula.

Yize kwesinye isikhathi kungenzeki ukuthola imbangela ye-autoimmune hemolytic anemia, kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kokuhlola izifo noma izinto ezibangela, njengokubala kwegazi, ukubala kwe-reticulocyte, isilinganiso se-bilirubin kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-immunological, okufana nokuhlolwa yamakhemikhali aqondile.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa okukhonjiswe ngudokotela kuvame ukufaka ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokulawula ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba, njenge-corticosteroids kanye ne-immunosuppressants.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo udokotela angakhombisa ukususwa kobende, obubizwa nge-splenectomy, njengoba kungalesi sitho lapho kubhujiswa khona amaseli abomvu egazi. Qonda ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-hemolytic anemia kwenziwa kanjani.

6. I-Vitiligo

I-Vitiligo yisifo esichazwa ngokucekelwa phansi kwama-melanocyte, okungamaseli abhekele ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, into ebhekele umbala wesikhumba. Imbangela ye-vitiligo ayikacaci kahle, kepha ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokukhubazeka kwamasosha omzimba, okuholela ekubhujisweni kwama-melanocyte ngamaseli omzimba wakhe.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko: Ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwamangqamuzana akhiqiza i-melanin, kuvela izindawo eziningana ezimhlophe esikhunjeni, okuyisici se-vitiligo. Lezi zindawo zivela kaningi ezindaweni ezivezwa kakhulu yilanga, njengezandla, izingalo, ubuso nezindebe.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kwe-vitiligo kufanele kuqondiswe ngudokotela wesikhumba, ngoba umuntu udinga ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba okuningana, ngoba kuyabucayi, ngaphezu kwesidingo sokugcoba okhilimu namafutha ngama-corticosteroids noma ama-immunosuppressants, ngaphezu kwesidingo se-phototherapy. .

7. Isifo sikaSjogren

Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokukhiqizwa kwama-autoantibodies abhekene nokuvuvukala okungapheli nokwandayo kwezindlala zomzimba, njengezindlala zamathe nezama-lacrimal, okuholela ekomeni kolwelwesi lwamafinyila.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko: Njengoba izindlala ezibhekele ukufaka amanzi emehlweni nomlomo zithintekile, ngokwesibonelo, izimpawu eziyinhloko ezibonwayo ngamehlo nomlomo owomile, ubunzima bokugwinya, ubunzima bokukhuluma isikhathi eside, ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni, ububomvu emehlweni nokwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka.

Lesi sifo singenzeka kuphela ngenxa yezinguquko ekuvikelekeni komzimba noma ezihambisana nezinye izifo ezizimele, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, lupus ne-scleroderma. Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela acele ukuseshwa kwama-autoantibodies ukubheka ukuthi kukhona yini esinye isifo esihambisanayo futhi, ngale ndlela, akhombise ukwelashwa okuhle kakhulu.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa okukhonjiswe ngudokotela kuhlose ukunciphisa izimpawu ezethulwayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamathe okufakelwa nokugcoba amaconsi wamehlo, ngaphezu kwemithi elwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-immunosuppressive. Bona ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ze-Sjogren's syndrome.

8. Thayipha 1 isifo sikashukela

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nalo luyisifo esizimele, ngoba lwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwamaseli omzimba kumaseli e-pancreatic abhekele ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, kungaziwa inani le-glucose ejikelezayo, edala ukuthi i-glucose eningi iqoqane igazi .. igazi. Kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni nasebusheni, kepha kungenzeka nakubantu abadala abasebasha.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko: Izimpawu eziyinhloko ezihlobene nohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela yizifiso ezivamile zokuchama, ukoma okuningi, ukulamba ngokweqile nokunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela enze ezinye izivivinyo ngaphezu kwe-glucose yokuzila kanye ne-hemoglobin ye-glycated ukuthola uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, njengoba izimpawu zifana nalezo zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Yazi umehluko phakathi kohlobo 1 kanye nohlobo 2 sikashukela.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Kulolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela, i-endocrinologist kumele ikhombise ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin ngemithamo eminingana emini noma ngendlela yepompo, ngoba amanyikwe ayikwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin. Ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukugcina ukujikeleza amazinga kashukela egazini kulawulwa.