Imibuzo eyi-15 ejwayelekile nge-coronavirus (COVID-19)

-Delile

• 1. Ngabe igciwane lidluliselwa emoyeni?
• Ukuguqulwa kwe-COVID-19
• 2. Ngubani ongenazo izimpawu ongadlulisa igciwane?
• 3. Ngingaphinde ngilithole igciwane uma sengivele ngithelelekile?
• 4. Liyini iqembu eliyingozi?
• Ukuhlolwa okuku-inthanethi: ingabe uyingxenye yeqembu eliyingozi?
• 11. Ngabe amazinga okushisa aphakeme abulala igciwane?
• 12. U-Vitamin C usiza ukuvikela i-COVID-19?
• 13. Ingabe i-Ibuprofen iyazenza zibe zimbi izimpawu ze-COVID-19?
• 14. Liphila isikhathi esingakanani igciwane?
• 15. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

I-COVID-19 ukutheleleka okubangelwa uhlobo olusha lwe-coronavirus, i-SARS-CoV-2, futhi ibonakala ngokuvela kwezimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, njengomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nokugula okujwayelekile, ngaphezu kobunzima bokuphefumula.

Lesi sifo sivele okokuqala eChina, kepha sasakazeka ngokushesha emazweni amaningana, kanti i-COVID-19 manje isibhekwa njengobhadane. Lokhu kusabalala okusheshayo kubangelwa indlela elula yokudlulisa igciwane, okuwukudonswa kwamaconsi emathe namanzi okuphefumula aqukethe igciwane futhi amiswe emoyeni, ngemuva kokukhwehlela noma ukuthimula, ngokwesibonelo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka nokusabalalisa, okusiza ukulwa nobhadane. Funda kabanzi nge-coronavirus, izimpawu nokuthi ungazibona kanjani.

Njengoba kuyigciwane elisha, kunokungabaza okuningi. Ngezansi, siqoqa ukungabaza okuyinhloko nge-COVID-19 ukuzama ukucacisa ngamunye:

1. Ngabe igciwane lidluliselwa emoyeni?

Ukudluliswa kwegciwane elibangela i-COVID-19 kwenzeka ikakhulu ngokuhogela amaconsi noma amathe okuphefumula akhona emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela, ethimula noma ekhuluma, ngokwesibonelo, noma ngokuhlangana nezindawo ezingcolisiwe.

Ngakho-ke, ukugwema ukudluliswa, kuyanconywa ukuthi abantu abaqinisekiswe nge-coronavirus entsha, noma abakhombisa izimpawu ezibonisa ukutheleleka, bagqoke izifihla-buso zokuvikela ukugwema ukudlulisela igciwane kwabanye.

Awekho amacala futhi abukho ubufakazi bokuthi i-coronavirus entsha ingadluliselwa ngokulunywa omiyane, njengokuthi kwenzekani uma kwenzeka ezinye izifo ezinjenge-dengue ne-yellow fever, ngokwesibonelo, kubhekwa nje ukuthi ukudluliswa kwenzeka ngokuhogela amathonsi amisiwe emoyeni oqukethe igciwane. Bona okuningi mayelana nokusakazwa kwe-COVID-19.

Ukuguqulwa kwe-COVID-19

Uhlobo olusha lweSARS-CoV-2 selukhonjwe e-UK futhi seluthole okungenani uguquko olungu-17 ngasikhathi sinye, abacwaningi bebheka ukuthi lolu hlobo olusha lunamandla amakhulu okudlulisa phakathi kwabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwatholakala ukuthi okungu-8 kwalokhu kuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kwenzeka kufuzo olufaka amaprotheni akhona ebusweni begciwane futhi olubopha ebusweni bamaseli abantu.

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalolu shintsho, lolu hlobo olusha lwegciwane, olwaziwa nge-B1.1.17, lungaba namandla amakhulu okudlulisa nokutheleleka. ^[4]. Okunye okuhlukile, okufana nokwaseNingizimu Afrika, okwaziwa nge-1,351, nalokho kweBrazil, okwaziwa nge-P.1, nakho kunamandla amakhulu okudlulisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuhlukile kweBrazil nakho kunezinguquko ezithile ezenza inqubo yokwaziwa ngama-antibodies ibe nzima kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, yize idluliseka kalula, lezi zinguquko azihlobene nezimo ezibucayi kakhulu ze-COVID-19, kepha izifundo ezengeziwe ziyadingeka ukusiza ukuqonda kangcono ukusebenza kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo ezintsha.

2. Ngubani ongenazo izimpawu ongadlulisa igciwane?

Yebo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesikhathi sokufukamela kwesifo, okungukuthi, isikhathi esiphakathi kokutheleleka nokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala, okuthi uma kwenzeka ku-COVID-19 kube cishe izinsuku eziyi-14. Ngakho-ke, umuntu angahle abe negciwane futhi angazi, futhi ngokombono kungenzeka ukuthi alidlulisele kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, ukungcola okuningi kubonakala kwenzeka kuphela lapho umuntu eqala ukukhwehlela noma ukuthimula.

Ngakho-ke, esimweni sokungabi nazimpawu, kepha ukufakwa eqenjini eliyingozi noma ukuxhumana nabantu abaqinisekisiwe ukuthi banalo leli gciwane, kunconywa ukuthi kubekwe umuntu ovalelekayo, ngoba ngaleyo ndlela kungenzeka ukubheka ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini kube yizimpawu futhi, uma kunjalo, zivimbela igciwane ekusakazekeni. Qonda ukuthi kuyini nokuthi ungakuhlukanisa kanjani.

3. Ngingaphinde ngilithole igciwane uma sengivele ngithelelekile?

Ingozi yokutheleleka nge-coronavirus entsha ngemuva kokuba isifo sesivele sikhona, kepha kubonakala ngathi iphansi impela, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokuqala ngemuva kokutheleleka. Ngokwe-CDC ^[4], Ucwaningo lwamanje lubonisa ukuthi ukuphinda kutheleleke kabusha akuvamile phakathi nezinsuku ezingama-90 zokuqala.

4. Liyini iqembu eliyingozi?

Iqembu eliyingozi lihambisana neqembu labantu okungenzeka ukuthi babe nezinkinga ezinkulu zokutheleleka ikakhulu ngenxa yokwehla komsebenzi wamasosha omzimba. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaseqenjini eliyingozi ngabantu asebekhulile, abaneminyaka yobudala engama-60, kanye / noma abanezifo ezingalapheki, njengesifo sikashukela, izifo ezingapheli zokuphefumula kwamaphaphu (COPD), ukwehluleka kwezinso noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abasebenzisa ama-immunosuppressants, abelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma abasanda kuthola izinqubo zokuhlinzwa, kufaka phakathi ukufakelwa, nabo babhekwa njengabasengozini.

Yize izinkinga ezibucayi zivame kakhulu kubantu abasengozini, bonke abantu kungakhathalekile ukuthi badala kangakanani noma amasosha omzimba athinteka kalula ekuthelelekeni ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zoMnyango Wezempilo (MS) kanye ne-Organisation World Health Organisation. (I-WHO).

Ukuhlolwa okuku-inthanethi: ingabe uyingxenye yeqembu eliyingozi?

Ukuthola ukuthi ngabe uyingxenye yeqembu elinobungozi be-COVID-19, yenza lokhu kuhlolwa okuku-inthanethi:

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11. Ngabe amazinga okushisa aphakeme abulala igciwane?

Kuze kube manje, alukho ulwazi olukhombisa izinga lokushisa elifanele kakhulu ukuvimbela ukusabalala nokuthuthukiswa kwegciwane. Kodwa-ke, i-coronavirus entsha isivele ikhonjwe emazweni amaningana anezimo zezulu ezihlukene namazinga okushisa, okukhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi leli gciwane lingathintwa yilezi zinto.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushisa komzimba kuvamise ukuba phakathi kuka-36ºC no-37ºC, ngaphandle kokubheka izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ogeza kuwo noma izinga lokushisa lendawo ohlala kuyo, futhi njengoba i-coronavirus entsha ihlobene nochungechunge lwezimpawu, uphawu olukwazi ukuthuthuka ngokwemvelo emzimbeni womuntu, onamazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, njengemikhuhlane nomkhuhlane, zenzeka kaningi ebusika, njengoba abantu bejwayele ukuhlala isikhathi eside ezindlini, nokujikeleza komoya okuncane futhi nabantu abaningi, okusiza ukudluliswa kwegciwane phakathi kwabantu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-COVID-19 isivele ibikiwe emazweni lapho kusehlobo khona, kukholakala ukuthi ukutholakala kwaleli gciwane akuhlobene nokushisa okuphezulu emvelweni, futhi kungadluliselwa kalula phakathi kwabantu.

12. U-Vitamin C usiza ukuvikela i-COVID-19?

Abukho ubufakazi besayensi obusikisela ukuthi uvithamini C uyasiza ukulwa ne-coronavirus entsha. Okwaziwayo ukuthi le vithamini isiza ukuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba, ngoba icebile ngama-antioxidants alwa nama-radicals amahhala, evimbela ukuvela kwezifo ezithathelwanayo futhi akwazi ukuqeda izimpawu zomkhuhlane.

Ngoba icebile ngama-antioxidants, abacwaningi baseChina ^[2]bathuthukisa ucwaningo oluhlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kukavithamini C ezigulini ezibucayi kuyakwazi yini ukusebenza kwamaphaphu, kukhuthazwe ukwenziwa ngcono kwezimpawu zokutheleleka, ngoba le vithamini iyakwazi ukuvimbela umkhuhlane ngenxa yesenzo sayo sokulwa nokuvuvukala . -ukuvuvukala.

Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi besayensi obufakazela umphumela wevithamini C ku-COVID-19, futhi uma le vithamini idliwe ngokweqile kunengozi enkulu yokuthola amatshe ezinso kanye nezinguquko emathunjini, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukuvikela ngokumelene ne-coronavirus, ngaphezu kokudla okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yomzimba, ukunika ukudla okunothile ku-omega-3, selenium, zinc, amavithamini nama-probiotic, njengezinhlanzi, amantongomane, amawolintshi, imbewu ye-sunflower, iyogathi, utamatisi, ikhabe namazambane angapheniwe, isibonelo. Yize igalikhi inezinto ezilwa namagciwane, ibingakaqinisekiswa ukuthi inethonya yini ku-coronavirus entsha, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi utshale ekudleni okulinganiselayo. Bona ukuthi uzodlani ukuze uthuthukise amasosha akho omzimba.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ugeze izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engama-20, uvikele endlini nangabantu abaningi, futhi umboze umlomo wakho namakhala lapho udinga ukukhwehlela noma ukuthimula. Ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuthi kugwenywe ukutheleleka nokudluliswa kwegciwane kwabanye abantu. Bheka ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela ku-coronavirus.

13. Ingabe i-Ibuprofen iyazenza zibe zimbi izimpawu ze-COVID-19?

Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngabaphenyi baseSwitzerland naseGrisi ngoMashi 2020 ^[3] kukhombise ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-Ibuprofen kukwazile ukwandisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-enzyme kungatholakala kumaseli amaphaphu, izinso nenhliziyo, okungenza izimpawu zokuphefumula zibe nzima kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lobu budlelwano babusekelwe ocwaningweni olulodwa kuphela olwenziwa kubantu abanesifo sikashukela futhi kucatshangelwa ukubonakaliswa kwe-enzyme efanayo, kodwa okukhona ezicutshini zenhliziyo.

Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-Ibuprofen kuhlobene nokwanda kwezimpawu nezimpawu ze-COVID-19. Bona okuningi ngobudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwe-coronavirus nokusetshenziswa kwe-Ibuprofen.

14. Liphila isikhathi esingakanani igciwane?

Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngoMashi 2020 ososayensi baseMelika ^[1] kukhombise ukuthi isikhathi sokusinda se-SARS-CoV-2, esibhekele i-COVID-19, siyehluka ngohlobo lwendawo etholakalayo nezimo zemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, igciwane lingaphila futhi lihlale litheleleka cishe:

• Izinsuku ezintathu zezindawo zepulasitiki nezensimbi ezingenasici;
• Amahora ama-4, esimweni sezindawo zethusi;
• Amahora angama-24, esimweni samakhadibhodi;
• Amahora ama-3 ngesimo sama-aerosol, angakhishwa lapho umuntu onegciwane engena nebulize, ngokwesibonelo.

Yize ingaba khona ezindaweni ezisesimweni sokutheleleka amahora ambalwa, lolu hlobo lokutheleleka alukanqunywa. Kodwa-ke, kunconywa ukuthi ubulale amagciwane ezindaweni ezingaba negciwane, ngaphezu kokuthi kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-gel alcohol nokugeza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi njalo.

15. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Isikhathi phakathi kokuqoqwa kwesampula kanye nokukhishwa komphumela singahluka ngohlobo lokuhlolwa oluzokwenziwa, futhi lingahluka phakathi kwemizuzu engu-15 nezinsuku eziyi-7. Imiphumela ephuma esikhathini esincane yileyo eyenziwa ngokuhlolwa okusheshayo, njengokuhlolwa kwe-immunofluorescence kanye ne-immunochromatography.

Umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili yisampula eliqoqiwe: ngenkathi kusetshenziswa i-immunofluorescence isampula yemigwaqo yomoya esetshenziswayo, eqoqwa nge-swab yamakhala, i-immunochromatography yenziwa ngesampula segazi elincane. Kuzo zombili izivivinyo, isampula lihlangana ne-reagent futhi, uma umuntu enaleli gciwane, likhonjiswa phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 nengama-30, necala le-COVID-19 liqinisekisiwe.

Isivivinyo esithatha isikhathi eside ukwedlula zonke ukuthi sikhishwe ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR, okuwukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwamangqamuzana, okubhekwa njengezinga legolide futhi okwenziwa ikakhulu ukuqinisekisa icala elihle. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngesampula segazi noma isampula eqoqwe nge-nasal or swab yomlomo, futhi kukhombisa ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukutheleleka okwenziwa yi-SARS-CoV-2 kanye nenani lamakhophi wamagciwane emzimbeni, okukhombisa ubucayi besifo.

Cacisa imibuzo eminingi nge-coronavirus ngokubuka ividiyo elandelayo: