Yini i-bacterial endocarditis futhi yiziphi izimpawu

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-endocarditis yebhaktheriya
• Kungani izinkinga zamazinyo zingadala i-endocarditis
• Kunjani ukwelashwa kwe-endocarditis

I-bacterial endocarditis ukutheleleka okuthinta ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwenhliziyo, okubizwa nge-endothelial surface, ikakhulukazi ama-valve enhliziyo, ngenxa yokuba khona kwamagciwane afinyelela egazini. Kuyisifo esibi kakhulu, esinamathuba amaningi okufa futhi esingahlotshaniswa nezinkinga eziningana, njengesifo sohlangothi, isibonelo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezijova, ukubhoboza, ukwelashwa kwamazinyo ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kwangaphambilini, amadivayisi we-intracardiac, afana nama-pacemaker noma ama-valve prostheses, kanye ne-hemodialysis, angandisa amathuba e-bacterial endocarditis. Kodwa-ke, imbangela evame kakhulu emazweni afana neBrazil, ihlala isifo se-rheumatic valve.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-endocarditis yebhaktheriya:

1. I-endocarditis ebukhali yegciwane: ukutheleleka okuqhubekela phambili ngokushesha, lapho kuvela khona umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukugula, ukuwa isimo jikelele kanye nezimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, njengokukhathala ngokweqile, ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo nezinyawo, nokuphefumula okuncane;
2. Faka i-endocarditis yebhaktheriya: kulolu hlobo umuntu angathatha amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa ukukhomba i-endocarditis, ekhombisa izimpawu ezingacacisiwe, ezifana nomkhuhlane ophansi, ukukhathala nokuncipha kancane kancane kwesisindo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-bacterial endocarditis kungenziwa ngezivivinyo ezifana ne-echocardiography, okuluhlobo lwe-ultrasound enhliziyweni, nangokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale ubukhona begciwane egazini, elaziwa njenge-bacteremia. Funda kabanzi nge-bacteremia.

Izimpawu ze-endocarditis yebhaktheriya

Izimpawu ze-endocarditis ebucayi yebhaktheriya kungaba:

• Umkhuhlane omkhulu;
• Ukugodola;
• Ukuphefumula okufishane;
• Amaphuzu amancane wokopha ezintendeni nasezinyaweni.

Ku-subacute endocarditis, izimpawu ngokuvamile:

• Umkhuhlane ophansi;
• Umjuluko wasebusuku;
• Ukukhathala okulula;
• Ukuntula ukudla;
• Ukuncipha;
• Izigaxa ezincane ezibuhlungu eminweni noma ezinzwaneni;
• Ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yegazi engxenyeni emhlophe yamehlo, ophahleni lomlomo, ngaphakathi kwezihlathi, esifubeni noma eminweni noma ezinzwaneni.

Uma lezi zimpawu zikhona, kungakuhle ukuthi uye egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha okukhulu ngoba i-endocarditis yisifo esibi esingaholela ekufeni ngokushesha.

Kungani izinkinga zamazinyo zingadala i-endocarditis

Enye yezimbangela ezinkulu ze-endocarditis ukusebenza kwezinqubo zamazinyo njengokukhishwa kwamazinyo noma ukwelashwa kwama-caries. Kulezi zimo, ama-caries bacteria kanye nalawo akhona ngokwemvelo emlonyeni angahanjiswa ngegazi aze aqoqane enhliziyweni, lapho abangela khona ukutheleleka kwezicubu.

Ngalesi sizathu, abantu abasengozini enkulu ye-endocarditis, njengeziguli ezinama-valve okufakelwa noma ama-pacemaker, kudingeka basebenzise ama-antibiotic 1 ihora ngaphambi kwezinqubo ezithile zamazinyo, ukuvimbela i-endocarditis yebhaktheriya.

Kunjani ukwelashwa kwe-endocarditis

Ukwelashwa kwe-endocarditis kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics, angaba ngomlomo noma asetshenziswe ngqo emthanjeni, ngokusho kwamagciwane atholakala egazini. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho kungekho khona imiphumela emihle ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic futhi kuya ngosayizi wokutheleleka nendawo okuyo, ukuhlinzekwa kukhonjisiwe ukufaka ama-valve enhliziyo esikhundleni se-prostheses.

I-Prophylaxis ye-endocarditis yenziwa ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola i-endocarditis, efana ne:

• Abantu abanama-valve wokufakelwa;
• Iziguli esezivele zine-endocarditis;
• Abantu abanesifo se-valve futhi asebevele bafakelwe inhliziyo;
• Iziguli ezinesifo senhliziyo esizalwe naso.

Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwamazinyo, udokotela wamazinyo kufanele atshele isiguli ukuthi sithathe u-2 g we-amoxicillin noma u-500 mg we-Azithromycin okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa. Kwezinye izimo udokotela wamazinyo kuyodingeka eluleke ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuqala kokwelashwa kwamazinyo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-endocarditis yebhaktheriya.