Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Ngomdlavuza we-Endometrial (Uterine)

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza we-endometrium?
• Ziyini izigaba zomdlavuza we-endometrium?
• Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza we-endometrial?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza we-endometrial?
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukwelashwa kweHormone
• Ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo
• Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zomdlavuza we-endometrium?
• Amazinga ama-hormone
• I-endometrial hyperplasia
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Isifo sikashukela
• Umlando womdlavuza
• Yini ebangela umdlavuza we-endometrial?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza we-endometrium?
• Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrial?
• Ukuthatha

Uyini Umdlavuza we-Endometrial?

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial wuhlobo lomdlavuza wesibeletho oqala ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho. Lololwelwesi lubizwa nge-endometrium.

Ngokusho kweNational Cancer Institute, babalelwa kwabathathu kwabangu-100 abesifazane abazotholakala benomdlavuza wesibeletho esikhathini esithile empilweni yabo. Abantu abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-80 abanomdlavuza wesibeletho baphila iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kokuthola ukuxilongwa.

Uma unomdlavuza we-endometrial, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa kukhulisa amathuba akho okuxolelwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza we-endometrium?

Isibonakaliso esivame kakhulu somdlavuza we-endometrial ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile. Lokhu kungafaka:

• izinguquko ebudeni noma ekusindiseni kwezikhathi zokuya esikhathini
• ukuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese noma ukubona phakathi kwezikhathi zokuya esikhathini
• ukopha esithweni sangasese ngemuva kokuya esikhathini

Ezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona zomdlavuza we-endometrial zifaka:

• ukukhishwa kwesitho sangasese samanzi noma okunegazi
• ubuhlungu esiswini esingezansi noma okhalweni
• ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi

Uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho. Lezi zimpawu akusizona neze izimpawu zesimo esibi, kepha kubalulekile ukuzihlola.

Ukopha okungavamile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuvame ukubangelwa ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini noma ezinye izimo ezingelona umdlavuza. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, kuwuphawu lomdlavuza we-endometrium noma ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wabesifazane.

Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ubone imbangela yezimpawu zakho futhi ancome ukwelashwa okufanele, uma kudingeka.

Ziyini izigaba zomdlavuza we-endometrium?

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umdlavuza we-endometrial ungasakazeka usuke esibelethweni uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Umdlavuza uhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine ngokuya ngokuthi usukhule kangakanani noma usabalalise kangakanani:

• Isigaba 1: Umdlavuza utholakala esibelethweni kuphela.
• Isigaba 2: Umdlavuza ukhona esibelethweni nasemlomo wesibeletho.
• Isigaba 3: Umdlavuza usabalale ngaphandle kwesibeletho, kepha hhayi kude nakunxande noma esinyeni. Kungaba khona kumashubhu we-fallopian, ama-ovari, ubufazi, kanye / noma ama-lymph node aseduze.
• Isigaba 4: Umdlavuza ususabalele ngaphesheya kwendawo yezitho zangasese. Kungaba khona esinyeni, engxenyeni, kanye / noma kwezicubu nezitho ezikude.

Lapho umuntu kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza we-endometrial, isigaba somdlavuza sithinta ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo kanye nombono wesikhathi eside. Umdlavuza we-Endometrial kulula ukuwelapha ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi simo.

Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza we-endometrial?

Uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ezingaba umdlavuza we-endometrial, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho wokunakekelwa oyinhloko noma i-gynecologist. Udokotela wezifo zabesifazane uhlobo olukhethekile lukadokotela olugxile ohlelweni lokuzala lwabesifazane.

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wezokwelapha. Bazokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic ukuze babukeke futhi bazizwe ngokungajwayelekile esibelethweni sakho nakwezinye izitho zokuzala. Ukuhlola izicubu noma okunye okungahambi kahle, bangahle bahlelele ukuhlolwa kwe-transvaginal ultrasound.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound wuhlobo lokuhlolwa kwe-imaging olusebenzisa amagagasi omsindo ukudala izithombe ezingaphakathi komzimba wakho. Ukwenza i-ultrasound engaphandle, udokotela wakho noma omunye uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzofaka iphenyo le-ultrasound esithweni sakho sangasese. Le probe izothumela izithombe kumonitha.

Uma udokotela wakho ethola okungahambi kahle ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound, bangahle ba-oda eyodwa noma eziningi zalezi zivivinyo ezilandelayo ukuqoqa isampula lezicubu zokuhlolwa:

• I-Endometrial biopsy: Kulesi sivivinyo, udokotela wakho ufaka ithubhu elincane eliguquguqukayo ngomlomo wakho wesibeletho esibelethweni sakho. Basebenzisa ukumunca ukususa ucezu oluncane lwethishu ku-endometrium yakho ngokusebenzisa ithubhu.
• I-Hysteroscopy: Kule nqubo, udokotela wakho ufaka ishubhu elincane eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera ye-fiber-optic ngomlomo wesibeletho sakho esibelethweni sakho. Basebenzisa le endoscope ukuhlola ngokubonakalayo amasampula akho e-endometrium kanye ne-biopsy okungajwayelekile.
• I-Dilation ne-curettage (i-D & C): Uma imiphumela ye-biopsy ingacacile, udokotela wakho angaqoqa esinye isampula sezicubu ze-endometrium esebenzisa i-D & C. Ukuze benze kanjalo, baxebula umlomo wakho wesibeletho bese besebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile lokukhuhla izicubu ku-endometrium yakho.

Ngemuva kokuqoqa isampula lezicubu ku-endometrium yakho, udokotela wakho uzolithumela elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe. Uchwepheshe waselabhorethri uzohlola isampula ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze afunde ukuthi inamaseli omdlavuza yini.

Uma unomdlavuza we-endometrial, udokotela wakho kungenzeka a-oda izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuze afunde ukuthi umdlavuza usakazekile yini. Isibonelo, banga-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-x-ray, noma okunye ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza we-endometrial?

Kunezinketho eziningi zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo zomdlavuza we-endometrium. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa olunconywayo lukadokotela luzoncika kuhlobo oluncane kanye nesigaba somdlavuza, kanye nempilo yakho yonke kanye nezinto ozithandayo.

Kunemihlomulo engaba khona nezingozi ezihambisana nenketho ngayinye yokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angakusiza uqonde izinzuzo nezingozi ezingaba khona zendlela ngayinye.

Ukuhlinzwa

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial uvame ukuphathwa ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa olwaziwa nge-hysterectomy.

Ngesikhathi se-hysterectomy, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa isibeletho. Bangasusa futhi ama-ovari kanye namashubhu e-fallopian, kwinqubo eyaziwa njenge-bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO). I-Hysterectomy ne-BSO ngokuvamile zenziwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza okufanayo.

Ukuze ufunde ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekile yini, udokotela ohlinzayo uzophinda asuse ama-lymph node aseduze. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-lymph node dissection noma i-lymphadenectomy.

Uma umdlavuza ususabalele nakwezinye izindawo zomzimba, udokotela ohlinzayo angancoma ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imishayo enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelashwa ngemisebe okusetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza we-endometrial:

• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle: Umshini wangaphandle ugxila emisebeni yemisebe esibelethweni evela ngaphandle komzimba wakho.
• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphakathi: Izinto zemisebe zifakwa ngaphakathi komzimba, esithweni sangasese noma esibelethweni. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi yi-brachytherapy.

Udokotela wakho angancoma eyodwa noma zombili izinhlobo zokwelashwa ngemisebe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungasiza ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza angahlala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, bangancoma ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni izicubu ukuze kube lula ukuzikhipha.

Uma ungakwazi ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yezinye izimo zezempilo noma impilo ebuthakathaka jikelele, udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa ngemisebe njengokwelapha kwakho okuyinhloko.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

I-Chemotherapy ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ezinye izinhlobo zokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali zibandakanya umuthi owodwa, kanti ezinye zibandakanya inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-chemotherapy olutholayo, imishanguzo ingaba kwifomu lephilisi noma inikezwe ngomugqa we-intravenous (IV).

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ngomdlavuza we-endometrial osakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Bangase futhi bancome le ndlela yokwelashwa yomdlavuza we-endometrial obuyile ngemuva kokwelashwa kwangaphambilini.

Ukwelashwa kweHormone

Ukwelashwa kweHormone kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwamahomoni noma izidakamizwa ezivimba ama-hormone ukushintsha amazinga omzimba womzimba. Lokhu kungasiza ukunciphisa ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza we-endometrium.

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa kwe-hormone kwesigaba III noma umdlavuza we-endometrial wesigaba IV. Bangayincoma futhi ngomdlavuza we-endometrial obuyile ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kweHormone kuvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-chemotherapy.

Ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo

Uma unenkinga yokubhekana ngokomzwelo nokuxilongwa komdlavuza noma ukwelashwa kwakho, yazisa udokotela wakho. Kuvamile ukuthi abantu babe nobunzima bokulawula imiphumela engokomzwelo nengqondo yokuphila nomdlavuza.

Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kumuntu noma eqenjini lokusekelwa eliku-inthanethi labantu abanomdlavuza. Ungakuthola kududuza ukuxhumana nabanye ababhekana nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo njengawe.

Udokotela wakho futhi angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo ukuthola ukwelulekwa. Ukwelashwa komuntu ngamunye noma kweqembu kungakusiza ukuthi ulawule imiphumela engokwengqondo nengokwenhlalo yokuphila nomdlavuza.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zomdlavuza we-endometrium?

Ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrium iyanda ngeminyaka. Izimo eziningi zomdlavuza we-endometrial zitholakala ziphakathi kweminyaka engama-45 nengama-74 ubudala, kubika iNational Cancer Institute.

Ezinye izici eziningana zobungozi zingaphakamisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrium, kufaka phakathi:

• izinguquko emazingeni ama-hormone ocansi
• izimo ezithile zezokwelapha
• umlando womndeni womdlavuza

Amazinga ama-hormone

I-Estrogen ne-progesterone ngama-hormone ocansi abesifazane athinta impilo ye-endometrium yakho. Uma ibhalansi yala mahomoni ishintshela emazingeni akhuphukile e-estrogen, inyusa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium.

Izici ezithile zomlando wakho wezokwelapha zingathinta amazinga akho ama-hormone ocansi kanye nengozi yomdlavuza we-endometrial, kufaka phakathi:

• Iminyaka yokuya esikhathini: Izikhathi zokuya esikhathini eziningi oye waba nazo empilweni yakho, lapho umzimba wakho utholakala kakhulu ku-estrogen. Uma uthola isikhathi sakho sokuqala ngaphambi kokuba ube neminyaka eyi-12 noma uye esikhathini sokuya esikhathini sekwephuzile empilweni, ungaba sengozini enkulu yomdlavuza we-endometrium.
• Umlando wokukhulelwa: Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ibhalansi yamahomoni ishintshela eprogesterone.Uma ungakaze ukhulelwe, amathuba akho okuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium ayanda.
• I-Polycystic ovarian syndrome (i-PCOS): Kulesi sifo se-hormonal, amazinga e-estrogen aphezulu futhi amazinga e-progesterone aphansi ngokungavamile. Uma unomlando we-PCOS, amathuba akho okuthola umdlavuza we-endometrium ayanda.
• Izimila zeseli leGranulosa:Izicubu zeseli leGranulosa ziwuhlobo lwe isimila se-ovarian esikhipha i-estrogen. Uma uke waba nesinye salezi zicubu, kuphakamisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium.

Ezinye izinhlobo zemithi zingashintsha ibhalansi ye-estrogen ne-progesterone emzimbeni wakho, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-Estrogen replacement (ERT): I-ERT kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-hormone replacement therapy (HRT) ezihlanganisa i-estrogen ne-progesterone (progestin), i-ERT isebenzisa i-estrogen yodwa futhi iphakamisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium.
• Tamoxifan: Lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela nokwelapha izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza webele. Ingenza njenge-estrogen esibelethweni sakho futhi iphakamise ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrium.
• Izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo (amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha): Ukuphuza amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kunciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium. Uma uwathatha isikhathi eside, inciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium.

Imithi ephakamisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrial inganciphisa ingozi yezinye izimo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrial zingaphakamisa ingozi yezimo ezithile.

Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ulinganise izinzuzo ezingaba khona nezingozi zokuphuza imishanguzo ehlukile, kufaka phakathi i-ERT, i-tamoxifan, noma amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa.

I-endometrial hyperplasia

I-endometrial hyperplasia yisimo esingewona umdlavuza, lapho i-endometrium yakho iba bukhulu ngokungavamile. Kwezinye izimo, iyazihambela yodwa. Kwezinye izimo, ingaphathwa nge-HRT noma ngokuhlinzwa.

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-endometrial hyperplasia kwesinye isikhathi iba ngumdlavuza we-endometrial.

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-endometrial hyperplasia ukuphuma kwegazi ngokungajwayelekile.

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile

Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, abesifazane abakhuluphele ngokweqile (BMI 25 kuya ku-29.9) banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium kunabesifazane abangakhuluphali ngokweqile. Labo abanesisindo sokukhuluphala ngokweqile (i-BMI> 30) banamathuba angaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu okuthuthukisa lolu hlobo lomdlavuza.

Lokhu kungakhombisa imiphumela amafutha omzimba anayo emazingeni e-estrogen. Izicubu zomzimba zingaguqula ezinye izinhlobo zamahomoni (androgens) zibe yi-estrogen. Lokhu kungakhuphula izinga le-estrogen emzimbeni, kwandise ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrium.

Isifo sikashukela

Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili bangaba namathuba aphindwe kabili okuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium kunalabo abangenawo ushukela, kuxwayisa i-American Cancer Society.

Noma kunjalo, uhlobo lwalesi sixhumanisi aluqinisekile. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 luvame kakhulu kubantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abanesisindo esikhulu, okuyisona futhi esiyingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrium. Izinga eliphakeme lokukhuluphala kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 lingahle libangele ingozi yokwanda komdlavuza we-endometrium.

Umlando womdlavuza

Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nomdlavuza we-endometrial uma amanye amalungu omndeni wakho enawo.

Usengozini enkulu yomdlavuza we-endometrium uma unomlando womndeni we-Lynch syndrome. Lesi simo sidalwa ukushintsha kohlobo olulodwa noma ngaphezulu kulungisa amaphutha athile ekukhuleni kwamaseli.

Uma unokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuhambisana ne-Lynch syndrome, kukhulisa kakhulu ubungozi bezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, kufaka phakathi umdlavuza wekoloni nomdlavuza we-endometrium. Ngokuya ngokubuyekezwa okushicilelwe kumagazini i-Genes, amaphesenti angama-40 kuye kwangama-60 abesifazane abaneLynch syndrome baba nomdlavuza we-endometrium.

Uma uke waba nomdlavuza webele noma umdlavuza we-ovari esikhathini esedlule, lokho kungaphakamisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium. Ezinye zezinto eziyingozi kulawa mdlavuza ziyefana. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe okhalweni lwakho nakho kungakhulisa amathuba akho okuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium.

Yini ebangela umdlavuza we-endometrial?

Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ngqo yomdlavuza we-endometrium ayaziwa. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi izinguquko ezingeni le-estrogen ne-progesterone emzimbeni zivame ukuba nengxenye.

Lapho amazinga alawo mahomoni ezocansi eguquguquka, kuthinta i-endometrium yakho. Lapho ibhalansi idlulela emazingeni akhuphukile e-estrogen, ibangela ukuthi amaseli endometriyali ahlukane futhi ande.

Uma izinguquko ezithile zofuzo zenzeka kumaseli endometrium, aba ngumdlavuza. Lawo maseli omdlavuza akhula ngokushesha futhi ande abe isimila.

Ososayensi basaqhubeka nokufunda ngezinguquko ezibangela ukuthi amaseli ejwayelekile e-endometrium abe ngamangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza we-endometrium?

I-American Cancer Society ibika ukuthi amacala amaningi omdlavuza we-endometrium yi-adenocarcinomas. I-Adenocarcinomas yimidlavuza ekhula ngezicubu eziyindlala. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-adenocarcinoma umdlavuza we-endometrioid.

Izinhlobo ezingavamile zomdlavuza we-endometrial zifaka:

• i-uterine carcinosarcoma (CS)
• squamous cell carcinoma
• i-cell carcinoma encane
• i-carcinoma yesikhashana
• i-serous carcinoma

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza we-endometrial zihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Thayipha 1 zivame ukukhula kancane kancane futhi zingasakazeki ngokushesha kwezinye izicubu.
• Thayipha 2 zivame ukuba nolaka kakhulu futhi zinamathuba amaningi okusabalala ngaphandle kwesibeletho.

Uhlobo lomdlavuza we-endometrial wohlobo lwe-1 luvame kakhulu kunohlobo 2. Futhi kulula ukuselapha.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrial?

Amanye amasu angakusiza wehlise ubungozi bokuba nomdlavuza we-endometrium:

• Phatha isisindo sakho: Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, ukwehlisa isisindo somzimba nokugcina ukulahleka kwesisindo kungehlisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrium. Ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka ukuze kufundwe ukuthi ukwehla kwesisindo kuyithinta kanjani ingozi yomdlavuza we-endometrium.
• Zivocavoce njalo: Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nengozi ephansi yomdlavuza we-endometrium. Inezinye izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo.
• Funa ukwelashwa kokopha okungavamile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane: Uma uba negazi elingajwayelekile lesitho sangasese sowesifazane, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho. Uma ukopha kubangelwa yi-endometrial hyperplasia, buza udokotela wakho ngezindlela zokwelashwa.
• Cabanga ngobuhle nobubi bokwelashwa kwamahomoni: Uma ucabanga ukusebenzisa i-HRT, buza udokotela wakho ngezinzuzo nezingozi zokusebenzisa i-estrogen kuphela uma kuqhathaniswa nenhlanganisela ye-estrogen ne-progesterone (progestin). Bangakusiza ukuthi ulinganise inketho ngayinye.
• Buza udokotela wakho ngezinzuzo ezingaba khona zokuvimbela inzalo: Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kanye namadivayisi we-intrauterine (IUDs) axhumene nokwehla kwengozi yomdlavuza we-endometrium. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ufunde ngezinzuzo ezingaba khona nezingozi zokusebenzisa lezi zindlela zokuvimbela inzalo.
• Yazisa udokotela wakho uma unomlando we-Lynch syndrome: Uma umndeni wakho unomlando we-Lynch syndrome, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlolwa kofuzo. Uma une-Lynch syndrome, bangakukhuthaza ukuthi ucabangele ukususwa kwesibeletho sakho, ama-ovari, kanye namashubhu we-fallopian ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungakhuli kulezo zitho.

Ukuthatha

Uma unezimpawu ezingaba uphawu lomdlavuza we-endometrial noma esinye isimo sokubeletha, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni umbono wakho wesikhathi eside.