I-Rheumatoid Arthritis ngezinombolo: Amaqiniso, Izibalo, Nawe

-Delile

• Iyini i-rheumatoid arthritis?
• Izimpawu nezici zobungozi
• Ukudlanga
• Izinkinga
• Ukwelashwa
• Izinguquko Zokuphila
• Izindleko
• Umbono

Iyini i-rheumatoid arthritis?

I-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) isifo esizimele esihlasela kakhulu izicubu ze-synovial ezingaphakathi kwamalunga. Izifo ezizimele zenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ephutha izicubu zawo zabahlaseli bangaphandle, njengamagciwane noma amagciwane. Amasosha omzimba adidekile enza amasosha omzimba ukufuna nokubhubhisa "abahlaseli" ku-synovium.

I-RA yisifo se-systemic, okusho ukuthi singathinta umzimba wonke. Ingakwazi ukuhlasela izitho, njengenhliziyo, amaphaphu, noma ezinye izicubu ezinjengemisipha, uqwanga, nemisipha. I-RA ibangela ukuvuvukala okungapheli nobuhlungu kwesinye isikhathi obunzima, futhi kungadala ukukhubazeka unomphela.

Izimpawu nezici zobungozi

Ekuqaleni kweRA, ungaqaphela ukuthi amalunga amancane afana neminwe yakho nezinzwani afudumele, aqinile, noma avuvukile. Lezi zimpawu zingahle zidlule, futhi ungacabanga ukuthi akulutho. Ama-RA flare-ups angahlala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba anyamalale futhi.

Ekugcineni, i-RA izothinta amalunga amakhulu, njengezinqulu, amahlombe, namadolo, futhi isikhathi sokuxolelwa sizofinyezwa. I-RA ingalimaza amalunga ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha zokuqala. Abantu abangamaphesenti angama-60 abane-RA engaphethwe ngokwanele abakwazi ukusebenza eminyakeni eyishumi ngemuva kokuqala.

Ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana ne-RA zifaka:

• ukukhathala
• imfiva esezingeni eliphansi
• ubuhlungu nokuqina isikhathi eside kunemizuzu engama-30 ekuseni noma ngemuva kokuhlala
• i-anemia
• ukuncipha komzimba
• amaqhuqhuva e-rheumatoid, noma izigaxa eziqinile, ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ezandleni, izindololwane, noma amaqakala

I-RA kungaba nzima ukuyithola ngoba izinhlobo nobukhulu bezimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu. Ziyefana nezimpawu zezinye izinhlobo zesifo samathambo, ezenza ukuthi ukuxilongwa okungalungile kwenzeke.

Imbangela yeRA ayaziwa, kepha ziningi izinto ezinobungozi ezingaba nomthelela, njenge:

• ifa
• imvelo
• indlela yokuphila (isibonelo, ukubhema)

Ukudlanga

Kubantu bonke abangu-100,000, abane-RA njalo ngonyaka. Cishe abantu baseMelika abayizigidi eziyi-1.3 bane-RA.

Abesifazane cishe cishe kabili noma kathathu amathuba okuthola i-RA kunabesilisa. AmaHormone kubo bobabili ubulili angadlala indima ekuyivimbeleni noma ekuqaliseni.

I-RA ngokuvamile iqala phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-30 nengama-60 kwabesifazane futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi empilweni yamadoda. Ubungozi besikhathi sokuphila be-RA. Kodwa-ke, i-RA ingagadla noma ngabe ibuphi ubudala - ngisho nezingane ezincane zingayithola.

Izinkinga

I-RA inyusa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo noma sohlangothi, ngoba ingahlasela i-pericardium (ulwelwesi lwenhliziyo), futhi ibangele ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wonke. Ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo iphakeme ngamaphesenti angama-60 onyakeni owodwa ngemuva kokutholakala ukuthi une-RA kunaleyo engenaso lesi sifo.

Abantu abane-RA bangagwema ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngenxa yezinhlungu ezihlangene, babeka engozini yokuthola isisindo futhi babe nobunzima obengeziwe enhliziyweni. Abantu abane-RA banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuhlupheka, okungaba ngenxa yokwehla kokuhamba nobuhlungu.

Umonakalo u-RA angawenza awukhawulelwanga emajoyintini. Lesi sifo singathinta ne:

• inhliziyo
• amaphaphu
• uhlelo lwe-vascular
• amehlo
• isikhumba
• igazi

Ukutheleleka kungaba yimbangela yekota eyodwa yokufa kwabantu abane-RA.

Ukwelashwa

Yize lungekho ikhambi le-RA, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene ezingakhulula ngempumelelo izimpawu futhi zivimbele ukulimala okuhlangene okuhlala isikhathi eside. Odokotela bangahle banikeze umuthi, ushintsho endleleni yokuphila, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili, ngenhloso yokuthola isimo sokuxolelwa.

Okwamanje kunezigaba ezine ezahlukene zezidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-RA:

• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), isigaba semithi esincane kunazo zonke, ngokuyinhloko sisebenza ukunciphisa izinhlungu ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, kodwa kungathinti ukuqhubeka kwe-RA.
• AmaCorticosteroids asebenza ngamandla amakhulu ukwehlisa ukuvuvukala, futhi enzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana.
• Imishanguzo yokuguqula izifo (i-DMARDs), okuyindlela ejwayelekile yokwelashwa kwe-RA, isebenza ukubambezela ukuqhubeka kweRA, kepha ingadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu.
• Ama-biologic response modifiers (ama-biologic DMARD), avame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa nama-DMARD, asebenzela ukuguqula amasosha omzimba anenkinga yokuphendula ama-DMARD.

Indlela yakamuva yokwelashwa kwe-RA iphakamisa ukusetshenziswa kokwelashwa okunolaka kusaqalwa ukuqala kweRA ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi ithweswe iziqu iye esimweni esibucayi futhi esihlala isikhathi eside.

Izinguquko Zokuphila

Ukuhlala neRA akunakukhokhisa kuphela ngokomzimba, kepha futhi kungakhokhisa ngokomzwelo.

Kuphakanyiswa ukuthi abantu abane-RA bathole ibhalansi phakathi kokuphumula nokuzivocavoca ukugcina ukuvuvukala kwabo phansi ngenkathi beqhubeka nokugcina amandla nokuguquguquka. Udokotela wakho ngokujwayelekile uzoncoma izivivinyo ezithile ngokuqala ngokwelula, bese usebenza ukuze uqeqeshe amandla, izivivinyo ze-aerobic, ukwelashwa kwamanzi, ne-tai chi.

Ukuzama izinguquko zokudla, njengokudla kokuqeda, kungasiza abantu abane-RA ukuthola ukudla okuthile okungadala noma kukhulule izimpawu ze-RA. Kunobunye ubufakazi besayensi obuhambisana nokudla kanye nokwelashwa kwe-RA, njengokuncipha koshukela, ukususa i-gluten, nokwandisa i-omega-3's. Kukhona nemithi eminingi yamakhambi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-RA, yize ucwaningo lwamanje lwesayensi olufakazela ukuthi lusebenza kahle luhlala luyimpikiswano.

Ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abaphila ne-RA bavame ukuzwa ubuhlungu obungapheli, kungasiza kakhulu ukufunda izindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka kanye namasu okuphumula, njengokuzindla okuqondisiwe, ukucabanga, ukuvivinya umzimba, i-biofeedback, i-journaling, nezinye izindlela zokubhekana ngokuphelele.

Izindleko

I-RA ingenza imisebenzi elula njengokuvuka embhedeni nokugqoka ekuseni kube nzima, ingasaphathwa eyokubamba umsebenzi ojwayelekile. Abantu abane-RA kungenzeka ukuthi:

• shintsha imisebenzi
• banciphise amahora abo okusebenza
• balahlekelwe umsebenzi
• uthathe umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• ukungakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi (uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abangenayo i-RA)

Isuka ku-2000 ilinganisela ukuthi i-RA ibiza u- $ 5,720 umuntu ngamunye onalesi sifo minyaka yonke. Izindleko zemithi yonyaka zingafinyelela ukwelashwa nge-ejenti ye-biologic, noma kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo.

Ngaphezu kwezindleko zezimali zalesi sifo, izindleko zekhwalithi yempilo ziphezulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abangenayo i-arthritis, abantu abane-RA kungenzeka ukuthi:

• bika impilo ejwayelekile noma engeyinhle
• badinga usizo ngokunakekelwa komuntu siqu
• unomkhawulo wemisebenzi ehlobene nempilo

Umbono

I-RA ayinayo ikhambi ngalesi sikhathi. Izindlela eziningi zokwelapha eziphumelelayo sezakhiwe eminyakeni engama-30 edlule, kodwa ayikho kuzo “elapha” i-RA. Esikhundleni salokho, bahlose ukwehlisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu, ukuvimbela ukulimala okuhlangene, nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka nokulimala kwesifo.