Ukuqhuma

I-Wheezing umsindo ophezulu wokushaya ikhwela ngesikhathi sokuphefumula. Kwenzeka lapho umoya udabula kumashubhu okuphefumula amancane emaphashini.

Ukuqhaqhazela kuwuphawu lokuthi umuntu kungenzeka ukuthi unezinkinga zokuphefumula. Umsindo we-wheezing ubonakala kakhulu lapho uphefumulela ngaphandle (ukhipha). Kungabuye kuzwakale lapho uphefumula (ukuhogela).

Ukuvutha kakhulu kuvame ukuvela kumashubhu amancane okuphefumula (amashubhu we-bronchial) ajule emaphashini. Kepha kungenzeka kungenxa yokuvinjelwa ezindleleni zomoya ezinkulu noma kubantu abanezinkinga ezithile zezintambo zezwi.

Izimbangela zokuphefumula zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Isifuba Somoya
• Ukuphefumulela into engaziwa ezindleleni zomoya eziya emaphashini
• Ukulimala nokunwetshwa kwemigwaqo yomoya emikhulu emaphashini (bronchiectasis)
• Ukuvuvukala nokwakha amafinyila ezindimeni zomoya ezincane kakhulu emaphashini (i-bronchiolitis)
• Ukuvuvukala nokwakha amafinyila ezindimeni eziyinhloko ezihambisa umoya emaphashini (i-bronchitis)
• I-COPD, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukutheleleka okuphefumulayo
• Isifo se-acid reflux
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo (i-asthma yenhliziyo)
• Ukulunywa yizinambuzane okubangela ukusabela okweqile
• Imithi ethile (ikakhulukazi i-aspirin)
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia)
• Ukubhema
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili

Thatha yonke imithi yakho njengoba uqondisiwe.

Ukuhlala endaweni lapho kunomswakama, umoya oshisayo ungasiza ekunciphiseni ezinye izimpawu. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ishawa esishisayo noma ngokusebenzisa i-vaporizer.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma ushaya isifuba:

• Kuvela okokuqala
• Kuvela ngokuphefumula okukhulu, isikhumba esilihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukudideka, noma izinguquko zesimo sengqondo
• Igcina ukwenzeka ngaphandle kwencazelo
• Kubangelwa ukusabela okweqile kokulunywa noma umuthi

Uma ukuphefumula kunzima noma kwenzeka ngokuphefumula kanzima, kufanele uye ngqo emnyangweni ophuthumayo oseduze.

Umhlinzeki uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi abuze ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nezimpawu. Imibuzo mayelana nokuvunguza kwakho ingafaka ukuthi yaqala nini, ihlale isikhathi esingakanani, nini kubi kakhulu, nokuthi yini okungenzeka ukuthi ikubangele.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kungafaka ukulalela imisindo yamaphaphu (auscultation). Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu, umhlinzeki uzoqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ayigwinyi into yangaphandle.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Umsebenzi wegazi, mhlawumbe kufaka phakathi amagesi wegazi we-arterial
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Ukuhlolwa kwemisebenzi yamaphaphu

Ukuhlala esibhedlela kungadingeka uma:

• Ukuphefumula kunzima kakhulu
• Imithi idinga ukunikezwa ngomthambo (IV)
• I-oxygen eyengeziwe iyadingeka
• Umuntu udinga ukubhekelwa ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha

I-Sibilant rhonchi; Ukubamba isifuba somoya; Ukubhoboza - i-bronchiectasis; Ukubhoboza - i-bronchiolitis; Ukubhoboza - i-bronchitis; Ukuqhuma - COPD; Ukuqhaqhazela - ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo

• Isifuba somoya nesikole
• Izidakamizwa zokulawula i-asthma
• Isifuba somoya - izidakamizwa zokusiza ngokushesha
• I-bronchoconstriction ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca
• Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-nebulizer

• Amaphaphu

IKliegman RM, iSt. Geme JW, iBlum NJ, i-Shah SS, iTasker RC, iWilson KM. Ukuphefumula, i-bronchiolitis, ne-bronchitis. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 418.

I-Woodruff PG, i-Bhakta NR, i-Fahy JV. I-asthma: i-pathogenesis ne-phenotypes. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 41.