Isifo somlilo sasendle: siyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa

Isifo somlilo wasendle, esibizwa ngokwesayensi ngokuthi i-pemphigus, yisifo esingajwayelekile sokuzivikela komzimba lapho amasosha omzimba ekhiqiza amasosha omzimba ahlasela futhi aqothule amaseli esikhunjeni nasezinhlakeni zomlomo ezinjengomlomo, impumulo, umphimbo noma izitho zangasese, okwenza amabhamuza noma amanxeba abangela ukuzwa okuvuthayo. , ukushisa nobuhlungu, kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala nakubantu abadala, yize kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Izimpawu zomlilo wasendle zingadidaniswa nalezo zezinye izifo zesikhumba, njenge-bullous pemphigoid, lupus erythematosus kanye nesifo i-Hailey-Hailey. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi kuboniswane nodokotela wesikhumba noma udokotela ojwayelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala komlilo wasendle ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kungaqalwa ukunciphisa izimpawu nokuvikela izinkinga.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Uphawu olukhulu lomlilo wasendle ukwakheka kwamabhamuza angaqhuma kalula futhi akhe amanxeba abangela ukuzwa okuvuthayo nokushisayo. Ngokwalapho kuvela khona amabhamuza, isifo somlilo sasendle singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu:

• Umlilo wasendle oyi-Vulgar noma i-pemphigus vulgaris: iqala ngokushalaza emlonyeni bese isikhumba noma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila njengomphimbo, impumulo noma izitho zangasese, okuvame ukuba buhlungu kodwa kungalumi. Uma zivela emlonyeni noma emphinjeni zingenza kube nzima ukudla futhi kubangele ukungondleki;
• Umlilo we-foliaceous wasendle noma i-pemphigus foliaceus: amabhamuza ngokuvamile akha ekhanda, ebusweni, entanyeni, esifubeni, emuva noma emahlombe, athinta ungqimba olungaphezulu kakhulu lwesikhumba, futhi angasakazeka emzimbeni wonke abangele ukushisa nobuhlungu. Lolu hlobo lomlilo wasendle alubangeli amabhamuza amafinyila.

Uma kuvela amabhamuza esikhunjeni noma kumakhalekhukhwini ongapholi, kubalulekile ukuthi kuboniswane nodokotela wesikhumba noma udokotela ojwayelekile, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu bese kukhonjiswa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ne-biopsies. ukutholakala kwesifo somlilo wasendle. Lapho umuntu engaphathekile kahle emphinjeni, udokotela futhi angancoma ukwenza i-endoscopy ukuqinisekisa umlilo ovamile wasendle.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Umlilo wasendle uyisifo esizimele lapho amasosha omzimba ephendula ngokumelene namaseli esikhunjeni noma kumfinya, ahlasela futhi abhubhise lawa maseli njengokungathi awasemzini emzimbeni, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwamabhaladi namanxeba.

Enye imbangela yomlilo wasendle, yize kuyivelakancane kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi njengezithibeli ze-angiotensin-eguqula i-enzyme noma ama-penicillin, angavumela ukukhiqizwa kwama-autoantibodies ahlasela amangqamuzana esikhumba, okuholela ekwakhiweni komlilo wamahlamvu asendle.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa komlilo wasendle kwenziwa ukulawula izimpawu, ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwamabhamuza namanxeba, nokugwema izinkinga ezifana nokungondleki noma izifo ezijwayelekile. Imithi udokotela wesikhumba angayincoma ukwelashwa yile:

• Ama-Corticosteroids njenge-prednisone noma i-prednisolone eyehlisa ukuvuvukala futhi yehlise isenzo samasosha omzimba, esetshenziswa ekwelashweni kokuqala nasezimweni ezimnene;
• Ama-immunosuppressants njenge-azathioprine, i-mycophenolate, i-methotrexate noma i-cyclophosphamide, njengoba zisiza ukuvikela amasosha omzimba ekuhlaseleni isikhumba noma amangqamuzana amafinyila, futhi asetshenziswe ezimweni lapho ama-corticosteroids engazenzi ngcono izimpawu noma ezimeni ezilinganayo ukuya kwezinzima;
• Igciwane lomzimba elilodwa njenge-rituximab, esebenza ngokulawula ukuzivikela komzimba nokunciphisa imiphumela yesistimu yomzimba emzimbeni, isetshenziswa kanye ne-corticosteroids noma ama-immunosuppressants ekwelashweni kokuqala ezimeni ezilinganiselwe noma ezinzima.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angancoma eminye imishanguzo efana nokunciphisa izinhlungu, ama-antibiotics ukulwa nezifo noma ama-lozenges we-anesthetic emlonyeni.

Uma ukusetshenziswa kwanoma imuphi umuthi kwakuyimbangela yokuvela kwamabhamuza, ukuyeka ukusetshenziswa komuthi kunganele ukuphatha umlilo wasendle.

Ezimweni zokungondleki okubangelwa ukungondleki kahle ngenxa yamabhamuza nezilonda emlonyeni noma emphinjeni, ukwelashwa esibhedlela nokwelashwa nge-serum ne-parenteral Nutrition, okunikezwa ngqo emthanjeni, kungadingeka kuze kube yilapho umuntu elulama.

Ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa

Ezinye izinyathelo zokuqapha zibalulekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ukukusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha noma ukuvimbela ukuphindeka kwezimpawu:

• Nakekela amanxeba njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela noma unesi;
• Sebenzisa insipho emnene ukugeza umzimba ngobumnene;
• Gwema ukuvezwa yilanga, ngoba imisebe ye-ultraviolet ingadala ukuthi kube namabhamuza amasha esikhunjeni;
• Gwema ukudla okubabayo noma okune-esidi okungacasula amagwebu asemlonyeni wakho;
• Gwema imisebenzi engokwenyama engalimaza isikhumba sakho, njengemidlalo yokuxhumana.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umlilo wasendle ubangela amabhamuza emlonyeni avimbela umuntu ekuxubha amazinyo noma ekuphupheni, kungadingeka ukwelashwa okukhethekile ukuvimbela isifo sezinsini noma izimbotshana. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wamazinyo ukuze aqondiswe ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani inhlanzeko yomlomo, ngokobukhulu becala ngalinye.