I-HDL: I-cholesterol "Enhle"

-Delile

• Isifinyezo
• Yini i-cholesterol?
• Yini i-HDL ne-LDL?
• Ngazi kanjani ukuthi liyini izinga lami le-HDL?
• Kufanele libe yini ileveli yami ye-HDL?
• Ngingalinyusa kanjani izinga lami le-HDL?
• Yini enye engathinta ileveli yami ye-HDL?

Isifinyezo

Yini i-cholesterol?

I-cholesterol yinto e-waxy, efana namafutha etholakala kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wakho. Isibindi sakho senza i-cholesterol, futhi sikhona nakokunye ukudla, njengenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi. Umzimba wakho udinga i-cholesterol ukuze usebenze kahle. Kodwa ukuba ne-cholesterol eningi egazini lakho kukhulisa ingozi yokuba nesifo semithambo yenhliziyo.

Yini i-HDL ne-LDL?

I-HDL ne-LDL yizinhlobo ezimbili zama-lipoprotein, inhlanganisela yamafutha (lipid) namaprotheni. Ama-lipids adinga ukunamathiselwa kuma-protein ukuze akwazi ukuhamba egazini. I-HDL ne-LDL banezinhloso ezihlukile:

• I-HDL imele ama-lipoprotein aqine kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge-cholesterol "enhle" ngoba ithwala i-cholesterol evela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho ibuyele esibindini sakho. Isibindi sakho bese sikhipha i-cholesterol emzimbeni wakho.
• I-LDL imele ama-lipoprotein anesisindo esiphansi. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge-cholesterol "embi" ngoba ileveli ephezulu ye-LDL iholela ekwakhiweni kwe-cholesterol emithanjeni yakho.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi liyini izinga lami le-HDL?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungalinganisa amazinga akho e-cholesterol, kufaka phakathi i-HDL. Ungasithola nini futhi kangaki lesi sivivinyo kuya ngeminyaka yakho, izinto ezinobungozi, nomlando womndeni. Izincomo ezijwayelekile yilezi:

Okwabantu abaneminyaka engu-19 noma ngaphansi:

• Isivivinyo sokuqala kufanele sibe phakathi kweminyaka eyi-9 kuye ku-11
• Izingane kufanele zihlolwe futhi njalo eminyakeni emihlanu
• Ezinye izingane zingaba nalokhu kuhlolwa kusuka eminyakeni emibili uma kunomlando womndeni we-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi

Kubantu abaneminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu:

• Abantu abadala abancane kufanele bahlolwe njalo eminyakeni emihlanu
• Abesilisa abaneminyaka engama-45 kuye kwengama-65 nabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-55 kuya kwengama-65 kufanele babe nayo njalo eminyakeni engu-1 kuye kwengu-2

Kufanele libe yini ileveli yami ye-HDL?

Nge-cholesterol ye-HDL, izinombolo eziphakeme zingcono, ngoba izinga eliphezulu le-HDL lingehlisa ubungozi besifo se-coronary artery nesifo sohlangothi. Ukuthi i-HDL yakho kufanele ibe phezulu kangakanani kuya ngeminyaka yakho nobulili bakho:

Ngingalinyusa kanjani izinga lami le-HDL?

Uma izinga lakho le-HDL liphansi kakhulu, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingasiza. Lezi zinguquko zingasiza ekuvikeleni ezinye izifo, futhi zikwenze uzizwe ungcono ngokuphelele:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo. Ukukhuphula izinga lakho le-HDL, udinga ukudla amafutha amahle esikhundleni samafutha amabi. Lokhu kusho ukukhawulela amafutha agcwele, afaka phakathi ubisi olunoshizi ogcwele kanye noshizi, inyama enamafutha aphezulu njengesoseji nebhekoni, nokudla okwenziwe ngebhotela, isinqumelo, kanye nokunciphisa. Kufanele futhi ugweme amafutha we-trans, okungenzeka ukuthi atholakala kwamanye amajargarini, ukudla okuthosiwe, kanye nokudla okucutshunguliwe njengezimpahla ezibhakiwe. Esikhundleni salokho, yidla amafutha angagcotshwanga, atholakala ku-avocado, oyili bemifino njengamafutha omnqumo, namantongomane. Nciphisa ama-carbohydrate, ikakhulukazi ushukela. Futhi zama ukudla ukudla okuningi ngokwemvelo okunefayibha, njenge-oatmeal nobhontshisi.
• Hlala ngesisindo esinempilo. Ungakhuphula izinga lakho le-HDL ngokunciphisa umzimba, ikakhulukazi uma unamafutha amaningi okhalweni lwakho.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kungakhuphula izinga le-HDL yakho, futhi kwehle ne-LDL yakho. Kufanele uzame ukwenza imizuzu engama-30 yokuvivinya umzimba ngokulingene nokunamandla ezinsukwini eziningi, uma kungenjalo zonke.
• Gwema osikilidi. Ukubhema nokuvezwa intuthu kagwayi kunganciphisa izinga lakho le-HDL. Uma ubhema, cela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo akusize uthole indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthi uyeke. Kufanele futhi uzame ukugwema intuthu kagwayi.
• Nciphisa utshwala. Ukuphuza ngokweqile kungehlisa izinga lakho le-HDL, yize kudingeka izifundo eziningi ukuqinisekisa lokho. Esikwaziyo ukuthi utshwala obuningi bungakwenza ukhuluphale, futhi kwehlisa izinga lakho le-HDL.

Eminye imithi ye-cholesterol, kufaka phakathi ama-statins athile, ingakhuphula izinga lakho le-HDL, ngaphezu kokwehlisa izinga lakho le-LDL. Abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo abavamisile ukunquma imithi yokwandisa i-HDL kuphela. Kepha uma une-HDL ephansi neleveli ephezulu ye-LDL, ungahle udinge umuthi.

Yini enye engathinta ileveli yami ye-HDL?

Ukuthatha imithi ethile kungehlisa amazinga e-HDL kwabanye abantu. Zihlanganisa

• Ama-beta blockers, uhlobo lomuthi womfutho wegazi
• I-Anabolic steroids, kufaka phakathi i-testosterone, i-hormone yesilisa
• Ama-progestin, angama-hormone abesifazane atholakala kwamanye amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa kanye nokwelashwa ngama-hormone esikhundleni
• I-Benzodiazepines, izidambisi ezijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukukhathazeka nokuqwasha

Uma uthatha okukodwa kwalokhu futhi unezinga eliphansi kakhulu le-HDL, cela umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi kufanele uqhubeke nokuwathatha yini.

Isifo sikashukela singanciphisa neleveli yakho ye-HDL, ngakho-ke lokho kukunikeza esinye isizathu sokuphatha isifo sikashukela.