I-Hemochromatosis: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-Hemochromatosis
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Izimbangela ze-hemochromatosis
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ukudla kufanele kube kanjani

I-Hemochromatosis yisifo lapho kunensimbi eyeqile emzimbeni, esivuna ukuqoqwa kwaleli minerali ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba kanye nokuvela kwezinkinga ezinjenge-cirrhosis yesibindi, isifo sikashukela, ubumnyama besikhumba, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu bamalunga noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala kwezocansi, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hemochromatosis kuboniswa yi-hematologist, enama-phlebotomies, akhishwa ngezikhathi ezithile egazini ukuze insimbi efakiwe idluliselwe kumaseli abomvu amasha akhiqizwa ngumzimba, futhi kwezinye izimo ukusetshenziswa kwama-chelators avela emzimbeni insimbi, njengoba isiza ekuqedeni kwayo.

Izimpawu ze-Hemochromatosis

Izimpawu ze-hemochromatosis zivela lapho amazinga wensimbi ajikeleza egazini ephezulu kakhulu, okudala ukuthi afakwe kwezinye izitho ezinjengesibindi, inhliziyo, amanyikwe, isikhumba, amalunga, amasende, amaqanda, indlala yegilo kanye ne-pituitary gland. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko ezingavela yilezi:

• Ukukhathala;
• Ubuthakathaka;
• Ukuqina kwesibindi;
• Isifo sikashukela;
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kanye ne-arrhythmias;
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene;
• Ukungabikho esikhathini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, i-iron eyeqile ingadala ukungabi namandla kwezocansi, ukungabi nenzalo kanye ne-hypothyroidism. Yazi ezinye izimpawu ezibonisa i-iron eyeqile.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hemacromatosis kwenziwa ekuqaleni ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu nokuhlolwa kwegazi okukhonjiswe ngudokotela wezifo zegazi noma udokotela ojwayelekile ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga wensimbi akhona emzimbeni, ngaphezu kokuhlushwa kwe-ferritin ne-transferrin saturation, okuhlobene ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa kwensimbi emzimbeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izivivinyo zinga-oda ukusiza ukuphenya izimbangela ze-hemochromatosis, futhi kunganconywa okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo, okungakhombisa ushintsho kuzakhi zofuzo ezibanga lesi sifo;
• I-biopsy yesibindi, ikakhulukazi lapho kungakabonakali ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo noma ukufakazela idiphozi yensimbi esibindi;
• Ukuhlolwa kwempendulo yePhlebotomy, okwenziwa ngokuhoxiswa kwegazi nokuqapha amazinga wensimbi, kukhonjiswa ikakhulukazi kubantu abangakwazi ukwenza i-biopsy yesibindi noma lapho kusenokungabaza ngokutholakala kwesifo;

Udokotela we-hematologist uzokwazi futhi ukucela izilinganiso zama-enzyme wesibindi, aphenye umsebenzi noma idiphozi yensimbi ezithweni ezingathinteka, kanye nokukhipha ezinye izifo ezingadala izimpawu ezifanayo.

I-Hemochromatosis kufanele iphenywe kubantu abanezimpawu eziyela ngasocansini, lapho kunesifo sesibindi esingaqondakali, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, ukungasebenzi kocansi noma isifo esihlangene, kanye nakubantu abanezihlobo zokuqala ezinesifo noma abanezinguquko kumazinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwensimbi.

Izimbangela ze-hemochromatosis

I-Hemochromatosis kungenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko zofuzo noma ngenxa yezifo ezihlobene nokubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, okukhuthaza ukukhishwa kwensimbi egazini. Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwesizathu, i-hemochromatosis ingahlukaniswa nge:

• I-hemochromatosis eyifa, ukuthi iyimbangela enkulu yalesi sifo nokuthi kwenzeka ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezibhekele ukumuncwa kwensimbi emgudwini wokugaya ukudla, oqala ukumuncwa ngobuningi, okwandisa inani lensimbi elijikelezayo emzimbeni;
• I-haemochromatosis yesibili noma etholakele, lapho ukuqoqwa kwensimbi kwenzeka ngenxa yezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi i-hemoglobinopathies, lapho ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kukhipha khona insimbi enkulu egazini. Ezinye izimbangela ukumpontshelwa igazi okuphindwayo, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi okungapheli noma ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kwemithi ye-anemia, ngokwesibonelo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi imbangela ye-hemochromatosis ikhonjwe ngudokotela, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kuboniswe ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu, okusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga kanye nokunciphisa izimpawu ezibangelwa insimbi eyeqile.

Yelashwa kanjani

I-hemochromatosis yefa alinayo ikhambi, noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa kungenziwa njengendlela yokwehlisa izitolo zensimbi egazini nokuvikela ukufakwa ezithweni. Ngakho-ke, kulezi zimo, indlela eyinhloko yokwelashwa yi-phlebotomy, ebizwa nangokuthi ukuphuma kwegazi, lapho kukhishwa khona ingxenye yegazi ukuze insimbi eyeqile iba yingxenye yamaseli abomvu amasha akhiqizwa ngumzimba.

Lokhu kwelashwa kunesikhathi sokuqala esinolaka, kepha kuyadingeka ukwenza imithamo yesondlo, lapho cishe ama-350 kuye kuma-450 ml wegazi ethathwa izikhathi ezi-1 kuye kwezi-2 ngesonto. Ngemuva kwalokho, amaseshini angahlukaniswa ngokuya ngomphumela wezivivinyo zokulandelela, ezikhonjiswe yi-hematologist.

Enye indlela yokwelashwa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-iron chelators noma ama "scavengers", njengeDesferroxamine, njengoba zikhuthaza ukwehliswa kwamazinga wensimbi ajikelezayo. Le ndlela yokwelashwa ikhonjiswa kubantu abangakwazi ukubekezelela i-phlebotomy, ikakhulukazi labo abane-anemia enamandla, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukuqina kwesibindi okuthuthukile.

Bona imininingwane eminingi yokwelashwa kwensimbi eyeqile egazini.

Ukudla kufanele kube kanjani

Ngaphezu kokwelashwa okuboniswe ngudokotela, kubalulekile futhi ukunaka ukudla, futhi kunconywa ukuthi uvikele ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla okunothe kwensimbi. Eminye imihlahlandlela ehlobene nokudla yilena:

• Gwema ukudla inyama ngobuningi, unikeze okuthandwa yinyama emhlophe;
• Yidla izinhlanzi okungenani kabili ngesonto;
• Gwema ukudla imifino ecebe ngensimbi, njengesipinashi, ama-beet noma ubhontshisi obuluhlaza, ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto;
• Yidla isinkwa sikakolweni esiphelele esikhundleni sesinkwa esimhlophe noma esenziwe ngensimbi;
• Yidla ushizi, ubisi noma iyogathi nsuku zonke ngoba i-calcium inciphisa ukumuncwa kwensimbi;
• Gwema ukudla izithelo ezomile, njengamagilebhisi omisiwe, ngobuningi bawo ngoba icebile ngensimbi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu kufanele agweme iziphuzo ezidakayo ukuze agweme ukulimala kwesibindi futhi angadli izithako zamavithamini ngensimbi kanye novithamini C, ngoba lokhu kukhulisa ukumuncwa kwensimbi.