Hypothermia: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa
-Delile
I-Hypothermia ibonakala ngokushisa komzimba okungaphansi kuka-35ºC, okwenzeka lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa ukushisa okungaphezu kwalokho ongakukhiqiza, futhi kuvame ukubangelwa ukuhlala isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu.
Ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kwenzeka ngezigaba ezintathu:
- Izinga lokushisa lehla phakathi kuka-1 no-2ºC, kubangele ukugodola kanye nokuba ndikindiki ezandleni noma ezinyaweni;
- Izinga lokushisa lehla phakathi kuka-2 no-4ºC, okwenza imikhawulo iqale ukushintsha ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- Izinga lokushisa lehla kakhulu, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni ukwazi kanye nobunzima ekuphefumuleni.
Ngakho-ke, noma nini lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala ze-hypothermia, kubalulekile ukuzama ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa komzimba, uzigoqe bese uhlala endaweni efudumele, ngokwesibonelo, ukuvimbela ukushisa okuphansi kungabangeli imiphumela emibi emzimbeni.
Bona ukuthi yini usizo lokuqala lwe-hypothermia, ukuze wandise izinga lokushisa.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko
Izimpawu ze-hypothermia ziyahlukahluka ngokushuba, okuyinhloko:
I-hypothermia emnene (33 kuye ku-35º) | I-hypothermia emaphakathi (30 kuya ku-33º) | I-hypothermia enamandla noma enamandla (ngaphansi kuka-30º) |
Ukuqhaqhazela | Ukundindizela okunodlame nokungalawuleki | Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula izingalo nemilenze |
Izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo | Inkulumo ehamba kancane neqhaqhazelayo | Ukulahleka kwemizwa |
Ukuba ndikindiki ezingalweni nasemilenzeni | Ukuphefumula kancane, nokubuthakathaka | Ukuphefumula okuncane, futhi kungahle kuyeke |
Ukulahlekelwa ubuhlakani | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuntekenteke | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma okungekho |
Ukukhathala | Kunzima ukulawula ukunyakaza komzimba | Abafundi abahlanzekile |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-hypothermia elinganiselayo kungahle kube nokunganakwa kanye nokulahleka kwememori noma ukozela, okungadlulela ku-amnesia uma kwenzeka kune-hypothermia enamandla.
Enganeni, izimpawu ze-hypothermia ziyisikhumba esibandayo, ukusabela okuncane, ingane ithule kakhulu futhi yenqaba ukudla. Uma ubona izimpawu zokuqala, kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela wezingane ukuze kuqale ukwelashwa. Bona ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ze-hypothermia yengane okufanele uziqaphele.
Yini engadala i-hypothermia
Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-hypothermia ukuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu endaweni ebanda kakhulu noma emanzini abandayo, noma kunjalo, noma yikuphi ukuvezwa okubandayo isikhathi eside kungaholela ku-hypothermia.
Ezinye izimbangela eziphindaphindwayo zifaka:
- Ukungondleki kahle;
- Izifo zenhliziyo;
- Umsebenzi ophansi we-thyroid;
- Ukuphuza ngokweqile iziphuzo ezidakayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamanye amaqembu anobungozi anesikhathi esilula ukulahlekelwa ukushisa komzimba, njengezingane, abantu abadala, abantu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa noma utshwala ngokweqile ngisho nabantu abanezinkinga zengqondo ezivimbela ukuhlolwa okulungile kwezidingo zomzimba.
Yize ezimweni eziningi i-hypothermia ingaguqulwa ngaphandle kokwenza umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni, lapho ukwelashwa kungaqalwa noma imbangela ingasuswa, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kungaqhubeka kube kubi kakhulu, kubeka impilo engcupheni.
Yelashwa kanjani
Ukwelashwa kwe-hypothermia kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukugwema izinkinga ezingase zivele, njengokushaywa unhlangothi, isifo senhliziyo noma ukwehluleka komzimba nokufa.
Kubalulekile ukubiza i-ambulensi bese ufudumeza isisulu, kungaba ngokuthi usibeke endaweni efudumele, ususe izingubo ezimanzi noma ezibandayo noma ubeke izingubo zokulala nezikhwama zamanzi ezishisayo phezu kwazo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe esibhedlela ngokuqondiswa udokotela futhi kusetshenziswe izindlela ezithile njengokukhipha ingxenye yegazi nokuyifudumeza ngaphambi kokuyibuyisela emzimbeni noma ukufaka i-serum eshubile ngqo emthanjeni.
Ungayigwema kanjani i-hypothermia
Indlela enhle yokugwema ukuthuthukisa i-hypothermia ukusonga kahle futhi ugweme ukuvezwa imvelo ebandayo isikhathi eside, noma emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma nini lapho unezingubo ezimanzi kufanele ususe izingqimba ezimanzi, ugcine isikhumba sakho somile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Lezi zixwayiso ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nasezinganeni, ezisengozini enkulu yokulahlekelwa ukushisa ngaphandle kokukhononda ngamakhaza. Bheka ukuthi ungayigqoka kanjani ingane, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasebusika.