I-Histiocytosis: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Indlela yokwelapha

I-Histiocytosis ifana neqembu lezifo ezingabonakala ngokukhiqizwa okukhulu nokuba khona kwama-histiocyte ajikeleza egazini, okuthi, yize kungavamile, kuvame kakhulu emadodeni futhi ukuxilongwa kwawo kwenziwa eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila, yize kunezibonakaliso izifo nazo zingavela noma ngasiphi isikhathi.

Ama-Histiocyte ngamaseli atholakala kuma-monocyte, angamaseli amasosha omzimba, ngakho-ke anesibopho sokuvikela umzimba. Ngemuva kokwenza inqubo yokwehlukanisa nokuvuthwa, ama-monocyte aziwa njengama-macrophage, anikezwa igama elithile ngokuya ngokuthi avela kuphi emzimbeni, abizwa ngamaseli weLangerhans lapho etholakala ku-epidermis.

Yize i-histiocytosis ihlobene kakhulu nezinguquko zokuphefumula, ama-histiocyte anganqwabelana kwezinye izitho, njengesikhumba, amathambo, isibindi kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa, okuholele ezimpawu ezahlukahlukene ngokuya kwendawo yokwanda okukhulu kwama-histiocyte.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

I-Histiocytosis ingaba nge-asymptomatic noma iqhubekele ekuqaleni kwezimpawu ngokushesha. Izimpawu nezimpawu ezibonisa i-histiocytosis zingahluka ngokuya ngendawo lapho kukhona khona okukhulu kwama-histiocyte. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Khwehlela;
• Imfiva;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala;
• Kunzima ukuphefumula;
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
• Ukushoda kwegazi;
• Ingozi ephezulu yokutheleleka;
• Izinkinga ze-coagulation;
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba;
• Ubuhlungu besisu;
• Ukudlikizela;
• Ukuthomba okulibazisekile;
• Isiyezi.

Inani elikhulu lama-histiocyte lingaholela ekukhiqizeni ngokweqile ama-cytokines, okudala inqubo yokuvuvukala nokukhuthaza ukwakheka kwezicubu, ngaphezu kokubangela ukulimala ezithweni lapho ukuqoqwa kwalawa maseli kuqinisekiswa khona. Kuvame kakhulu ukuthi i-histiocytosis ithinte amathambo, isikhumba, isibindi namaphaphu, ikakhulukazi uma kunomlando wokubhema. Ngaphansi kakhulu, i-histiocytosis ingabandakanya uhlelo oluphakathi lwezinzwa, ama-lymph node, umgudu wamathumbu kanye ne-thyroid.

Ngenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba wezingane akhule kahle, kungenzeka ukuthi izitho eziningana zingathinteka kalula, okwenza ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokuqala kokwelashwa kubaluleke ngokushesha.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-histiocytosis kwenziwa ikakhulukazi yi-biopsy yesayithi elithintekile, lapho kungabonwa khona ngokuhlaziywa kwelabhorethri ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, ukutholakala kokungena ngokunyuka kwama-histiocyte ezicutshini ezaziphilile phambilini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izivivinyo zokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, njenge-computed tomography, ucwaningo lwezinguquko ezihambisana nalesi sifo, njenge-BRAF, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwe-immunohistochemical kanye nokubalwa kwegazi, lapho kungahle kube khona ushintsho enanini lama-neutrophils , ama-lymphocyte nama-eosinophil.

Indlela yokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwe-histiocytosis kuncike ebangeni lesifo nasendaweni ethintekile, futhi kunconywa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, i-radiotherapy, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzivikela noma ukuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokubandakanyeka kwamathambo. Lapho i-histiocytosis ibangelwa ukubhema, ngokwesibonelo, kunconywa ukuyeka ukubhema, kuthuthukisa kakhulu isimo sesiguli.

Isikhathi esiningi, lesi sifo siyakwazi ukuzelapha noma sinyamalale ngenxa yokwelashwa, nokho singabuye sivele. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu abhekwe njalo ukuze udokotela akwazi ukubona uma kukhona ubungozi bokuba nesifo futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, asungule ukwelashwa kusaqala.