Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlolwa kwe-HIV

-Delile

• Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV?
• Kusetshenziselwa ini?
• Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolelwa i-HIV?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Izinkomba

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV?

Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kukhombisa ukuthi ngabe ungenwe yini yi-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). I-HIV yigciwane elihlasela futhi libhubhise amaseli kumasosha omzimba. Lawa maseli avikela umzimba wakho kumagciwane abanga izifo, njengamagciwane namagciwane. Uma ulahlekelwa amaseli omzimba amaningi kakhulu, umzimba wakho uzoba nenkinga yokulwa nezifo nezinye izifo.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlolelwa i-HIV:

• Ukuhlolwa Kwamasosha Omzimba. Lokhu kuhlola kubheka amasosha omzimba e-HIV egazini lakho noma ematheni. Amasosha omzimba wakho enza amasosha omzimba uma uvezwa amagciwane noma amagciwane, njenge-HIV. Ukuhlolelwa amasosha omzimba kwe-HIV kunganquma ukuthi unayo yini i-HIV kusukela emasontweni amathathu nambili emva kokutheleleka. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi kungathatha amasonto ambalwa noma ngaphezulu ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho enze amasosha omzimba e-HIV. Ungakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngasese ekhaya lakho. Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngamakhithi okuhlola i-HIV ekhaya.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV Antibody / Antigen. Lokhu kuhlola kubheka amasosha omzimba e-HIV futhi ama-antigen egazini. I-antigen iyingxenye yegciwane elibangela ukuphendula komzimba. Uma uke wachayeka ku-HIV, ama-antigen azovela egazini lakho ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe amasosha omzimba e-HIV. Lokhu kuhlola kuvamise ukuthola i-HIV kungakapheli amasonto ama-2-6 wokutheleleka. Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV antibody / antigen kungenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuhlolwa kwe-HIV.
• Umthwalo wegciwane le-HIV. Lokhu kuhlola kukala inani legciwane le-HIV egazini. Ingathola i-HIV ngokushesha kunezivivinyo ze-antibody kanye ne-antibody / antigen, kodwa kuyabiza kakhulu. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuqapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV.

Amanye amagama: ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV antibody / antigen, ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV-1 ne-HIV-2 kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-antigen, ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV, ukuhlolwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, uhlobo 1, ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV p24 antigen

Kusetshenziselwa ini?

Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ungenwe yini yi-HIV. Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza yigciwane elibangela ingculaza (i-immunodeficiency syndrome). Abantu abaningi abane-HIV abanayo i-AIDS. Abantu abane-AIDS banesibalo esincane kakhulu samaseli omzimba futhi basengozini yezifo ezisongela impilo, kufaka phakathi ukutheleleka okuyingozi, uhlobo olubi lwe-pneumonia, kanye nomdlavuza othile, kubandakanya iKaposi sarcoma.

Uma i-HIV itholakala kusenesikhathi, ungathola imithi yokuvikela amasosha akho omzimba. Imithi ye-HIV ingakuvimbela ekutholeni i-AIDS.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV?

I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) incoma ukuthi wonke umuntu oneminyaka ephakathi kuka-13 no-64 ahlolwe i-HIV okungenani kanye njengengxenye yokunakekelwa kwezempilo okuvamile. Ungadinga futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV uma usengozini enkulu yokutheleleka. Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lisatshalaliswa ikakhulu ngokuya ocansini nasegazini, ngakho-ke ungaba sengozini enkulu ye-HIV uma:

• Ngabe indoda eye yalala nenye indoda
• Uke waya ocansini nomlingani one-HIV
• Sike ngaba nabalingani abaningi bezocansi
• Ufake izidakamizwa ezijojowe, njenge-heroin, noma izinaliti zezidakamizwa ezabiwe nomunye umuntu

I-HIV ingasakazeka isuke kumama iye enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha nangobisi lwebele, ngakho-ke uma ukhulelwe udokotela wakho angayalela ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV. Kunemithi ongayithatha ngesikhathi ukhulelwe nalapho ubeletha ukwehlisa kakhulu ubungozi bokusabalalisa lesi sifo enganeni yakho.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolelwa i-HIV?

Uzohlolelwa igazi ebhodini, noma uzihlolele wena ekhaya.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi elebhu:

• Uchwepheshe wezempilo uzothatha isampula yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho, esebenzisa inaliti encane. Ngemuva kokuthi kufakwe inaliti, kuzoqoqwa inani elincane legazi kufakwe ithubhu yokuhlola noma isitsha. Ungase uzizwe uluma kancane lapho inaliti ingena noma iphuma. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.

Okokuhlolwa kwasekhaya, uzodinga ukuthola isampula lamathe emlonyeni wakho noma ithonsi legazi kutho lwakho lomunwe.

• Ikhithi yokuhlola izonikezela ngemiyalo yokuthi ungasithola kanjani isampula sakho, usiphake, bese usithumela ebhodini.
  • Ukuhlola amathe, uzosebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile elifana ne-spatula ukuthatha i-swab emlonyeni wakho.
  • Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lomzimba womunwe womunwe, uzosebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile ukubhoboza umunwe wakho bese uqoqa isampula yegazi.

Ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngokuhlolwa kwasekhaya, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Awudingi amalungiselelo akhethekile okuhlolelwa i-HIV. Kepha kufanele ukhulume nomeluleki ngaphambi nange / noma ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwakho ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa uma kutholakala ukuthi une-HIV.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Kunobungozi obuncane kakhulu bokuhlolwa ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV. Uma uthola ukuhlolwa kwegazi ebhodini, ungaba nobuhlungu obuncane noma ukulimaza lapho kufakwe khona inaliti, kepha izimpawu eziningi ziyaphela ngokushesha.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Uma imiphumela yakho ingenayo, kungasho ukuthi awunayo i-HIV. Umphumela ongemuhle ungasho nokuthi une-HIV kodwa kusheshe kakhulu ukusho. Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi ama-antibodies e-HIV nama-antigen abonakale emzimbeni wakho. Uma imiphumela yakho ingenayo, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angayalela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwe-HIV esikhathini esizayo.

Uma imiphumela yakho inesifo, uzothola ukuhlolwa kokulandelela ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Uma zombili izivivinyo zikhombisa ukuthi une-HIV, kusho ukuthi une-HIV. Akusho ukuthi une-AIDS. Yize lungekho ikhambi le-HIV, kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezingcono ezikhona manje kunangesikhathi esedlule. Namuhla, abantu abane-HIV baphila isikhathi eside, benempilo engcono kunakuqala. Uma uphila ne-HIV, kubalulekile ukubona umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo njalo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Izinkomba

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Imininingwane ekulesi siza akufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sezokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo ngempilo yakho.