Umugqa wesikhathi wezimpawu ze-HIV

-Delile

• Umugqa wesikhathi wezimpawu
• Izimpawu zokuqala ku-HIV eyinhloko
• Ukuntuleka kwezimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala
• Ukubambezeleka kubangela ikhefu ezimpawu
• I-HIV Engamahlalakhona
• Ingculaza isigaba sokugcina

Yini i-HIV?

Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza yigciwane elibeka engozini amasosha omzimba. Okwamanje alikho ikhambi layo, kepha kukhona izindlela zokwelapha ezinciphisa imiphumela yalo ezimpilweni zabantu.

Ezimweni eziningi, uma ukutheleleka nge-HIV sekubambile, igciwane lihlala emzimbeni impilo yonke. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nalokho okungenzeka ngokungenwa yizifo ngezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane, izimpawu ze-HIV aziveli ngokuzumayo futhi ziphakame ngokushesha.

Uma singelashwa, lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngezigaba ezintathu, ngasinye sinezimpawu zaso kanye nezinkinga ezikhona - ezinye zinzima.

Imithi ejwayelekile yokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane inganciphisa i-HIV iye emazingeni angatholakali egazini. Emazingeni angatholakali, igciwane ngeke lidlulele ezigabeni zakamuva zokutheleleka nge-HIV. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igciwane alikwazi ukudluliselwa kumlingani ngesikhathi socansi.

Umugqa wesikhathi wezimpawu

Izimpawu zokuqala ku-HIV eyinhloko

Isigaba sokuqala esibonakalayo ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo kwe-HIV. Lesi sigaba sibizwa nangokuthi i-acute retroviral syndrome (ARS), noma ukutheleleka nge-HIV okunamandla. Ngenxa yokuthi ukutheleleka nge-HIV kulesi sigaba kuvame ukudala izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu okulesi sigaba acabange ukuthi izimpawu zakhe zibangelwa umkhuhlane onzima kune-HIV. Umkhuhlane uphawu oluvame kakhulu.

Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• ikhanda
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• ukukhathala ngokweqile
• Ukugodola
• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• ama-lymph node avuvukile
• ukuqubuka kwe-truncal maculopapular

Ngokusho kwalokhu, izimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV zingabonakala emasontweni amabili kuya kwamane ngemuva kokuvezwa kokuqala. Izimpawu zingaqhubeka kuze kube amasonto ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangabonisa izimpawu izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela.

Abantu abane-HIV yokuqala kwesinye isikhathi abakhombisi zimpawu, kepha basengalidlulisela kwabanye leli gciwane. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuphindaphindeka kwegciwane okusheshayo, okungavinjelwe okwenzeka emasontweni okuqala ngemuva kokuthola igciwane.

Ukuntuleka kwezimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala

Ama-ARS ajwayelekile uma umuntu esene-HIV. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akunjalo kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bane-HIV iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba bazi ukuthi banayo. Ngokusho kwe-HIV.gov, izimpawu ze-HIV kungenzeka zingaveli eminyakeni eyishumi noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu akusho ukuthi amacala e-HIV angenazimpawu awabucayi kangako. Futhi, umuntu ongazitholi izimpawu usengadlulisela i-HIV kwabanye.

Izimpawu ezisekuqaleni kwe-HIV zivame ukuvela uma izinga lokucekelwa phansi kwamaseli liphezulu. Ukungabi nazo izimpawu kungasho ukuthi awekho amangqamuzana amaningi e-CD4, uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe, abulawa kusenesikhathi kulesi sifo. Noma umuntu engenazo izimpawu, usenalo igciwane. Yingakho ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-HIV kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukudluliswa. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwesibalo se-CD4 nomthamo wegciwane.

Ukubambezeleka kubangela ikhefu ezimpawu

Ngemuva kokuvezwa kokuqala kanye nokutheleleka okuyinhloko okungenzeka, i-HIV ingaguqukela esigabeni esibizwa ngokuthi ukutheleleka okucashile emtholampilo. Kubizwa nangokuthi ukutheleleka nge-HIV okungenazimpawu ngenxa yokushoda okubonakalayo kwezimpawu. Lokhu kushoda kwezimpawu kufaka nezimpawu ezingalapheki ezingaba khona.

Ngokusho kwe-HIV.gov, ukubambezeleka kokutheleleka nge-HIV kungahlala iminyaka eyi-10 noma eyi-15. Lokhu akusho ukuthi i-HIV ayisekho, futhi akusho ukuthi igciwane alikwazi ukudluliselwa kwabanye. Ukutheleleka okwenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi kungadlulela esigabeni sesithathu nesokugcina se-HIV, esibizwa nangokuthi yi-AIDS.

Ingcuphe yokuqhubekela phambili iphezulu uma umuntu one-HIV engakutholi ukwelashwa, njengokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane. Kubalulekile ukuthatha imishanguzo enqunyiwe kuzo zonke izigaba ze-HIV - noma ngabe zingekho izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Kunemithi eminingi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-HIV.

I-HIV Engamahlalakhona

Ngemuva kokutheleleka kanzima, i-HIV ibhekwa njengengapheli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sifo siyaqhubeka. Izimpawu ze-HIV engapheli zingahluka. Kungaba nezikhathi ezinde lapho igciwane likhona kodwa izimpawu zincane.

Ezigabeni ezithuthuke kakhulu ze-HIV engapheli, izimpawu zingaba nzima kakhulu kunase-ARS. Abantu abane-HIV esithuthukile, esingelapheki bangathola iziqephu ze:

• ukukhwehlela noma ukuphefumula ubunzima
• ukuncipha komzimba
• isifo sohudo
• ukukhathala
• umkhuhlane omkhulu

Ingculaza isigaba sokugcina

Ukulawula i-HIV ngemithi kubalulekile kokubili ukugcina izinga lempilo nokusiza ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Isigaba 3 I-HIV, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-AIDS, iqala lapho i-HIV isinciphisa kakhulu amasosha omzimba.

Ngokwe-CDC National Prevention Information Network, amazinga e-CD4 anikeza inkomba eyodwa yokuthi i-HIV isidlulele esigabeni sayo sokugcina. Amazinga e-CD4 ancipha ngaphansi kwamaseli angama-200 nge-cubic millimeter ngayinye (mm³) wegazi kubhekwa njengophawu lwengculaza. Ububanzi obujwayelekile buthathwa njengamaseli ayi-500 kuye ku-1,600 / mm³.

Ingculaza ingahlolwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi ukukala i-CD4. Kwesinye isikhathi kubuye kunqunywe nje impilo yomuntu jikelele. Ngokuyinhloko, ukutheleleka okungajwayelekile kubantu abangenayo i-HIV kungabonisa i-AIDS. Izimpawu zengculazi zihlanganisa:

• ukushisa okuphikelelayo okungaphezu kuka-100 ° F (37.8 ° C)
• Ukugodola okukhulu nokujuluka ebusuku
• amabala amhlophe emlonyeni
• izilonda zangasese noma zangemuva
• ukukhathala okukhulu
• amaqubu angaba nsundu, abomvu, abubende, noma abomvana ngombala
• ukukhwehlela okuvamile nezinkinga zokuphefumula
• ukuncipha okukhulu kwesisindo
• ikhanda eliphikelelayo
• izinkinga zememori
• inyumoniya

I-AIDS yisigaba sokugcina se-HIV. Ngokwe-AIDSinfo, kuthatha okungenani iminyaka eyishumi ngaphandle kokwelashwa kubantu abaningi abane-HIV ukuthuthukisa i-AIDS.

Ngaleso sikhathi, umzimba uthinteka ezinhlobonhlobo zezifo futhi awukwazi ukulwa nazo ngempumelelo. Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka ukwelapha izifo ezihlobene ne-AIDS noma izinkinga ezingabulala ngenye indlela. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-CDC ilinganisela ukuthi isilinganiso sokusinda esimaphakathi siyiminyaka emithathu uma kutholakala ukuthi kunengculaza. Ngokuya ngobukhulu besimo sabo, umbono womuntu ungaba mfushane kakhulu.

Ukhiye wokuphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza ukuqhubeka nokubona umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo elashwa njalo. Izimpawu ezintsha noma eziba zimbi yizizathu ezanele zokuvakashela eyodwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi i-HIV iwuthinta kanjani umzimba.