Sihlala Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani Isinkwa?

-Delile

• Yini impilo yeshalofu yesinkwa?
• Uhlobo lwesinkwa nezithako ezisetshenzisiwe
• Indlela yokugcina
• Ungasho kanjani ukuthi isinkwa asihambanga kahle
• Izingozi zokudla isinkwa esiphelelwe yisikhathi
• Amathiphu wokuvimbela imfucuza yesinkwa
• Okubalulekile

Isinkwa okunye kokudla okuthandwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.

Imvamisa eyenziwe ngesikolweni (noma okunye okusanhlamvu), imvubelo nezinye izithako, isinkwa sihlala sisisha isikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukonakala.

Kungaze kukhule isikhunta futhi kungaphephi ukudliwa, ngakho-ke kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi ungasigcina kanjani sisha isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Le ndatshana ichaza ukuthi isinkwa sihlala isikhathi esingakanani, ukuthi ungasho kanjani ukuthi kuphephile yini ukudliwa, nokuthi ungayandisa kanjani impilo yaso eshalofini.

Yini impilo yeshalofu yesinkwa?

Izici eziningi zithonya impilo yeshalofu lesinkwa, okuyisikhathi esithatha ngaphambi kokuqala ukonakala.

Impilo eshalofini lesinkwa eligcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa isukela ezinsukwini ezingama-3-7 kepha ingahluka ngokuya ngezithako, uhlobo lwesinkwa, nendlela yokugcina.

Uhlobo lwesinkwa nezithako ezisetshenzisiwe

Isamentshisi, isinkwa, noma izinkwa zokubhaka izitolo ezitholakala esitolo ngokuvamile ziqukethe izinto zokuvikela ukuvimbela isikhunta nokwandisa impilo yeshalofu. Ngaphandle kokuvikela, isinkwa sihlala izinsuku ezingu-3-4 ekamelweni lokushisa ().

Eminye yemilondolozo yesinkwa ejwayelekile ihlanganisa i-calcium propionate, i-sodium benzoate, i-potassium sorbate, ne-sorbic acid. Ama-bacteria e-Lactic acid kungenye indlela eveza ngokwemvelo ama-anti-mold acid (,,).

Isinkwa esingenalo i-Gluten sithinteka kalula ekubunjweni ngenxa yomswakama omningi nokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kwezivimbelakuvunda. Yingakho imvamisa ithengiswa iqandisiwe esikhundleni segumbi lokushisa ().

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imikhiqizo yesinkwa esomile, njengama-breadcrumbs noma ama-crackers, imvamisa ihlala iphephile isikhathi eside ngoba isikhunta sidinga umswakama ukuze sikhule.

Inhlama efrijini yamabhisikidi kanye nemiqulu nayo igcina yonakele ngoba iqukethe uwoyela ohamba kahle.

Okuqaphelekayo, izinkwa eziningi ezenziwe ekhaya aziqukethe okokuvikela futhi zingasebenzisa izithako ezibolayo njengamaqanda nobisi. Amanye amabhikawozi ngokugwema izivikela-ungabheka uhlu lwezithako noma ubuze umbhaki ukuthi awuqinisekile yini.

Indlela yokugcina

Impilo eshalofini lesinkwa incike nasendleleni yokugcina.

Isinkwa sinamathuba amaningi okonakala uma sigcinwe ezindaweni ezifudumele, ezinomswakama. Ukuvikela isikhunta, kufanele igcinwe ivaliwe ekamelweni lokushisa noma kubanda kakhulu.

Isinkwa esishisa ngamakamelo ngokuvamile sihlala izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 uma senziwe ekhaya noma kufika ezinsukwini eziyi-7 uma sithengwe esitolo.

Ukufakwa esiqandisini kungakhuphula impilo yeshalofu yezinkwa zombili nezentengiselwano ngezinsuku ezi-3-5. Uma ukhetha lo mzila, qiniseka ukuthi isinkwa sakho sivalwe kahle ukuvimbela ukoma nokuthi awukho umswakama obonakalayo emaphaketheni.

Isinkwa esifriziwe singahlala ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Yize ukubanda kwamakhaza kungangabulali wonke amakhemikhali ayingozi, kuzobavimba ekukhuleni ().

Impilo eshalofini lesinkwa ixhomeke kakhulu kuzithako zayo kanye nendlela yokugcina. Ungakhuphula impilo yeshalofu ngokuyifaka esiqandisini noma ngokuyiqandisa.

Ungasho kanjani ukuthi isinkwa asihambanga kahle

Yize ukudla okuningi okuhlanganisiwe kunosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi, iningi lesinkwa linosuku oluhamba phambili kunalokho, okukhombisa ukuthi isinkwa sakho sizohlala isikhathi esingakanani.

Noma kunjalo, izinsuku ezihamba phambili aziphoqelekile futhi azikhombisi ukuphepha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isinkwa sisengaphepha ukudliwa ngisho nangemva kosuku lwaso oluhamba phambili (6).

Ukuthola ukuthi isinkwa sakho sisisha noma asonakele, kufanele usihlole wena.

Izinkomba ezimbalwa zokuthi isinkwa asisezintsha zifaka:

• Isikhunta. Isikhunta yisikhunta esimunca izakhamzimba esinkweni futhi sikhule izinhlamvu, sikhiqize izindawo ezingathi shu ezingaba luhlaza okotshani, ezimnyama, ezimhlophe noma ezibomvana. Umnyango Wezolimo wase-U.S. (USDA) uncoma ukulahla sonke isinkwa uma ubona isikhunta (, 7).
• Iphunga elingathandeki. Uma isinkwa sinesikhunta esibonakalayo, kungcono ukungasinuki uma kwenzeka ukuthi izinhlamvu zaso ziyingozi ukuhogela. Uma ungasiboni isikhunta kodwa uqaphele iphunga elingajwayelekile, kusengcono ukukhipha isinkwa (7,,).
• Ukunambitheka okungajwayelekile. Uma isinkwa singanambitheki kahle, mhlawumbe kuphephe kakhudlwana ukusilahla.
• Ukuthungwa okunzima. Isinkwa esingavaliwe futhi sigcinwe kahle singaguga noma somile. Uma nje singekho isikhunta, isinkwa esidala sisengadliwa - kepha kungenzeka singanambitheki kahle njengesinkwa esisha.

Isinkwa sinosuku oluhamba phambili esikhundleni sosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi, kodwa kungcono ukuzihlola ngokwakho ukuthola ukuthi kuphephile yini ukudliwa. Phonsa isinkwa uma sikhuntile noma sinokunambitheka okungajwayelekile noma iphunga.

Izingozi zokudla isinkwa esiphelelwe yisikhathi

Yize ezinye izinhlobo zesikhunta zingaphepha ukuzidla, akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi iyiphi ukhunta ebangela isikhunta esinkwa sakho. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthi ungasidli isinkwa esikhuntile, ngoba singalimaza impilo yakho (7).

Izikhunta zesinkwa ezivame kakhulu yilezi Rhizopus, IPenicillium, Aspergillus, I-Mucor, futhi I-Fusarium (7).

Ezinye izikhunta zikhiqiza ama-mycotoxin, anobuthi obungaba yingozi ukuwudla noma ukuwudonsela ngaphakathi. Ama-mycotoxin angahlakazeka ngesinkwa sonke, yingakho kufanele usikhiphe sonke isinkwa uma ubona isikhunta (7).

Ama-mycotoxin angaphazamisa isisu sakho futhi abangele nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla. Zingahle ziphazamise namabhaktheriya akho esiswini, okungaholela ekutheni amasosha omzimba abe buthakathaka kanye nengozi ephezulu yokugula (,,,).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye ama-mycotoxin, afana ne-aflatoxin, angakhuphula ubungozi bakho bomdlavuza othile uma udla inani elikhulu (,).

Isinkwa esikhuntile singakhiqiza ama-mycotoxin, angubuthi obungabonakali futhi obungaphephile ukudliwa. Kungcono ukulahla isinkwa sonke uma ubona noma yisiphi isikhunta.

Amathiphu wokuvimbela imfucuza yesinkwa

Uma ufuna ukunciphisa udoti wokudla, ungahle uzibuze ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukulahla isinkwa esidala.

Akunconywe ukusikhuhla isikhunta, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi sisakazeke kuso sonke isinkwa (7).

Esikhundleni salokho, nayi eminye imibono yokusiza ukuvimbela imfucuza yesinkwa ngaphambi kokuba isinkwa sakho sibumbe:

• Yenza ama-croutons enziwe, ama-cracker, i-pudding yesinkwa, noma ama-breadcrumbs ukuze usebenzise isinkwa ngaphambi kosuku lwaso oluhle kakhulu.
• Faka uphawu ngokufanele bese ugcina noma isiphi isinkwa esisele efrijini lakho.
• Uma ubona umswakama ngaphakathi kokupakishwa kwesinkwa sakho, sebenzisa ithawula elihlanzekile ukomisa ngaphambi kokuphinda ufake isikhwama. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvimbela isikhunta.
• Linda ukumboza noma ukuvala isinkwa esisanda kubhakwa size sipholile ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuzovimbela umswakama ekuqongeleleni nasekuthuthukiseni isikhunta.
• Uma ungafuni ukuqandisa isinkwa sakho, bala ukuthi udla malini ngeviki bese uthenga lelo nani kuphela. Ngale ndlela, ngeke ube nalutho olulahlayo.

Ukuvikela udoti wesinkwa, sebenzisa isinkwa esidala ukwenza imvuthuluka yesinkwa noma uphudingi wesinkwa. Ungengeza futhi impilo yeshalofu ngokuqandisa isinkwa noma ukusigcina somile futhi sivalwe kahle.

Okubalulekile

Isinkwa sinempilo eshalofini emfushane, ehlala izinsuku ezingama-3-7 ekamelweni lokushisa.

Ukubeka uphawu nokugcina kahle, kanye nokusebenzisa isiqandisi noma ifriji lapho kudingeka, kungasiza ekuvikeleni isikhunta futhi kwandise impilo yeshalofu.

Uma ubona isikhunta, kufanele usilahle sonke isinkwa, ngoba isikhunta singaveza ama-mycotoxin ayingozi.

Ukuvimbela imfucuza yokudla, zama izindlela zokudala zokusebenzisa izinkwa zakho ezindala - njengokwenza uphudingi wesinkwa noma ama-crouton enziwe ekhaya - ngaphambi kosuku lwazo oluhle kakhulu.