I-Hypercalcemia: Kwenzekani Uma Une-calcium Eningi Kakhulu?

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu ze-hypercalcemia?
• Jikelele
• Izinso
• Isisu
• Inhliziyo
• Imisipha
• Uhlelo lwamathambo
• Izimpawu zezinzwa
• Yini ebangela i-hypercalcemia?
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Izifo zamaphaphu nomdlavuza
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi
• Izithako zokudla kanye nemithi ethengiswayo
• Ukuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni
• Itholakala kanjani i-hypercalcemia?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa ze-hypercalcemia?
• Amacala amancane
• Kumaphakathi kuya kumacala abucayi
• I-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko
• Umdlavuza
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-hypercalcemia?
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?
• Q:
• A:

Kuyini i-hypercalcemia?

I-Hypercalcemia yisimo lapho une-calcium ephezulu kakhulu egazini lakho. I-calcium ibalulekile ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwezitho, amaseli, imisipha nezinzwa. Kubalulekile futhi ekunqandeni igazi nasempilweni yethambo.

Noma kunjalo, okuningi kwayo kungadala izinkinga. I-Hypercalcemia yenza kube nzima ukuthi umzimba wenze imisebenzi yawo ejwayelekile. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-calcium lingasongela impilo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hypercalcemia?

Ungahle ungabi nazimpawu ezibonakalayo uma une-hypercalcemia emnene. Uma unecala elibi kakhulu, uzoba nezimpawu nezimpawu ezithinta izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zomzimba wakho.

Jikelele

• ikhanda
• ukukhathala

Izinso

Izimpawu ezihlobene nezinso zifaka:

• ukoma ngokweqile
• ukuchama ngokweqile
• ubuhlungu phakathi komhlane wakho nesisu esingenhla ngakolunye uhlangothi ngenxa yamatshe ezinso

Isisu

Izimpawu ezihlobene nesisu zifaka:

• isicanucanu
• ubuhlungu besisu
• ukuncipha kokudla
• ukuqunjelwa
• ukuhlanza

Inhliziyo

I-calcium ephezulu ingathinta uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo, lubangele isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile.

Imisipha

Amazinga e-calcium angathinta imisipha yakho, abangele ukushwabana, amajaqamba nobuthakathaka.

Uhlelo lwamathambo

Izinga eliphezulu le-calcium lingathinta amathambo, okuholela ku:

• ubuhlungu bamathambo
• ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo
• ukuqhekeka okuvela ezifweni

Izimpawu zezinzwa

I-Hypercalcemia nayo ingadala izimpawu zezinzwa, njengokucindezeleka, ukulahleka kwememori, nokucasuka. Amacala abucayi angadala ukudideka nekhoma.

Uma unomdlavuza futhi uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-hypercalcemia, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Akuvamile ukuthi umdlavuza ubangele amazinga e-calcium aphakeme. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kuba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela i-hypercalcemia?

Umzimba wakho usebenzisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-calcium, i-vitamin D, ne-hormone ye-parathyroid (PTH) ukulawula amazinga e-calcium.

I-PTH isiza umzimba ukuthi ulawule ukuthi ingakanani i-calcium engena emfudlaneni wegazi kusukela emathunjini, ezinso nasemathanjeni. Ngokuvamile, i-PTH iyanda lapho izinga le-calcium egazini lakho lehla futhi lehla lapho izinga lakho le-calcium likhuphuka.

Umzimba wakho ungenza futhi i-calcitonin kusuka kwindlala yegiloji lapho izinga lakho le-calcium likhuphuka kakhulu. Uma une-hypercalcemia, kune-calcium eyeqile ekusakazeni kwegazi lakho futhi umzimba wakho awukwazi ukulawula izinga le-calcium yakho ngokujwayelekile.

Kunezimbangela eziningana zalesi simo:

Hyperparathyroidism

Izindlala ze-parathyroid yizindlala ezine ezincane ezitholakala ngemuva kwendlala yegilo entanyeni. Zilawula ukukhiqizwa kwehomoni e-parathyroid, yona elawula i-calcium egazini.

I-Hyperparathyroidism yenzeka lapho eyodwa noma eziningi zezindlala zakho ze-parathyroid zisebenza ngokweqile futhi zikhipha i-PTH eningi kakhulu. Lokhu kudala ukungalingani kwe-calcium umzimba ongeke ukwazi ukuzilungisa wedwa. Lokhu kuyimbangela ehamba phambili ye-hypercalcemia, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala.

Izifo zamaphaphu nomdlavuza

Izifo ze-Granulomatous, ezifana nesifo sofuba kanye ne-sarcoidosis, yizifo zamaphaphu ezingadala ukuthi amazinga akho e-vitamin D akhuphuke. Lokhu kubangela ukumuncwa okwengeziwe kwe-calcium, okwandisa izinga le-calcium egazini lakho.

Eminye imidlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wamaphaphu, umdlavuza webele, nomdlavuza wegazi, ingakhuphula ingozi yakho ye-hypercalcemia.

Imiphumela emibi yemithi

Eminye imithi, ikakhulukazi i-diuretics, ingaveza i-hypercalcemia. Benza lokhu ngokubangela uketshezi olunamandla i-diuresis, okuwukulahleka kwamanzi emzimbeni, kanye ne-calcium engaphansi. Lokhu kuholela ekugxileni ngokweqile kwe-calcium egazini.

Eminye imithi, efana ne-lithium, ibangela ukuthi kukhishwe i-PTH eningi.

Izithako zokudla kanye nemithi ethengiswayo

Ukuthatha uvithamini D omningi noma i-calcium ngendlela yokwengeza kungakhuphula izinga lakho le-calcium. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-calcium carbonate, okutholakala kuma-antacids ajwayelekile afana namaTum namaRolaids, nakho kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu e-calcium.

Ukweqiwa okuphezulu kwale mikhiqizo ethengiswayo kungokwe-hypercalcemia e-United States.

Ukuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni

Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ezimweni ezincane ze-hypercalcemia. Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni kwenza izinga lakho le-calcium likhuphuke ngenxa yenani eliphansi loketshezi onalo egazini lakho. Kodwa-ke, ubunzima buxhomeke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinso zakho.

Kubantu abanesifo esingapheliyo sezinso, imiphumela yokwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni iba nkulu.

Itholakala kanjani i-hypercalcemia?

Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izinga le-calcium egazini lakho. Ukuhlolwa komchamo okulinganisa i-calcium, amaprotheni, nezinye izinto nakho kungasiza.

Uma udokotela wakho ethola izinga eliphezulu le-calcium, bazo-oda izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuthola imbangela yesimo sakho. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuxilonga i-hyperparathyroidism nezinye izimo.

Izivivinyo ezingavumela udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole ubufakazi bomdlavuza noma ezinye izifo ezingadala i-hypercalcemia zifaka:

• Ama-X-ray esifubeni, angaveza umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• ama-mammograms, asiza ukuxilonga umdlavuza webele
• Izikena ze-CT, ezakha isithombe esiningiliziwe somzimba wakho
• Ama-MRI scan, akhiqiza izithombe eziningiliziwe zezitho zomzimba wakho nezinye izakhiwo
• Ukuhlolwa kobuningi bamathambo e-DEXA, ahlola amandla wamathambo

Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa ze-hypercalcemia?

Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-hypercalcemia zixhomeke ebucayi besimo kanye nembangela eyimbangela.

Amacala amancane

Ungahle ungadingi ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma unesifo esincane se-hypercalcemia, kuya ngesizathu. Noma kunjalo, uzodinga ukuqapha inqubekela phambili yayo. Ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo kubalulekile.

Umphumela ophakanyiswe amazinga e-calcium emzimbeni wakho awuhlobene nje nezinga le-calcium elikhona, kodwa nokuthi likhuphuka ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunamathela kuzincomo zikadokotela wakho zokulandela.

Ngisho namazinga aphakeme we-calcium angaholela ematsheni ezinso nasekulimaleni kwezinso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kumaphakathi kuya kumacala abucayi

Uzodinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela uma unesimo esilinganiselwe kuya kwesinzima. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukubuyisa izinga lakho le-calcium libe elejwayelekile. Ukwelashwa kuhlose nokuvikela ukulimala kwamathambo akho nezinso. Izinketho zokwelashwa ezivamile zifaka okulandelayo:

• I-Calcitonin iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa endlala yegilo. Kubambezela ukulahleka kwamathambo.
• Uketshezi olufakwa ngaphakathi luyakuthambisa futhi lwehlise amazinga e-calcium egazini.
• ICorticosteroids yimithi elwa nokuvuvukala. Ziwusizo ekwelapheni uvithamini D. omningi kakhulu
• Imithi ye-Loop diuretic ingasiza izinso zakho ukuthi zihambise uketshezi futhi zisuse i-calcium eyengeziwe, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo senhliziyo.
• Ama-bisphosphonates angenayo wegazi anciphisa amazinga e-calcium ngokulawula ithambo le-calcium.
• I-Dialysis ingenziwa ukususa igazi lakho le-calcium eyengeziwe kanye nodoti uma unezinso ezilimele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa uma ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingasebenzi.

I-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko

Ngokuya ngeminyaka yakho, ukusebenza kwezinso, kanye nemiphumela yamathambo, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze ususe izindlala ezingavamile ze-parathyroid. Le nqubo yelapha amacala amaningi we-hypercalcemia abangelwa yi-hyperparathyroidism.

Uma ukuhlinzwa kungeyona inketho kuwe, udokotela wakho angancoma umuthi obizwa nge-cinacalcet (Sensipar). Lokhu kwehlisa izinga lakho le-calcium ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-PTH. Uma une-osteoporosis, udokotela wakho angakuthatha ama-bisphosphonates ukunciphisa ingozi yokuhlukana.

Umdlavuza

Uma unomdlavuza, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngezindlela zokwelashwa ukukusiza unqume izindlela ezingcono zokwelapha i-hypercalcemia.

Ungahle ukwazi ukuthola ukukhululeka ezimpawu ngokusebenzisa uketshezi olufakwa emithanjeni nemithi efana ne-bisphosphonates. Lokhu kungenza kube lula kuwe ukubhekana nokwelashwa kwakho komdlavuza.

Umuthi i-cinacalcet ungasetshenziswa ukwelapha amazinga aphezulu e-calcium ngenxa yomdlavuza we-parathyroid. iphakamisa ukuthi ingabamba iqhaza ekwelapheni i-hypercalcemia ngenxa yamanye amagciwane.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-hypercalcemia?

I-Hypercalcemia ingadala izinkinga zezinso, njengamatshe ezinso nokuhluleka kwezinso. Ezinye izinkinga zibandakanya ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kanye ne-osteoporosis.

I-Hypercalcemia nayo ingadala ukudideka noma ukuwohloka komqondo ngoba i-calcium isiza ukugcina uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa lusebenza kahle. Amacala abucayi angaholela ku-coma engasongela impilo.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Umbono wakho wesikhathi eside uzoncika kwisizathu nokuthi isimo sakho sinzima kangakanani. Udokotela wakho anganquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze uhlale unolwazi futhi ubuze imibuzo. Qiniseka ukuthi uhambisana nanoma ikuphi ukuhlolwa okunconyiwe kokuqokwa nokuqokwa.

Ungenza ingxenye yakho ukusiza ukuvikela izinso namathambo akho ekulimaleni ngenxa ye-hypercalcemia ngokwenza izinqumo zokuphila okunempilo. Qiniseka ukuthi uphuza amanzi amaningi. Lokhu kuzokugcina unamanzi amaningi, kugcine amazinga egazi e-calcium phansi, futhi kwehlise ubungozi bokuba namatshe ezinso.

Njengoba ukubhema kungasheshisa ukulahleka kwethambo, kubalulekile ukuyeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukubhema kubanga nezinye izindaba eziningi zezempilo. Ukuyeka ukubhema kungasiza impilo yakho kuphela.

Inhlanganisela yokuzivocavoca umzimba nokuqeqesha amandla kungagcina amathambo akho eqinile futhi enempilo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala ukuthola ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo zokuvivinya umzimba eziphephile kuwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma unomdlavuza othinta amathambo akho.

Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imihlahlandlela yemithamo yezithako ezithengiswa ekhawunteni nemithi yokwehlisa ubungozi bokudla ngokweqile uvithamini D nokudla kwe-calcium.

Q:

Yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele ngiziqaphele uma ngicabanga ukuthi ngingaba sengozini ye-hypercalcemia?

A:

Kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo ongazithatha. Kufanele uhlale unamanzi anele ngokuphuza inani elifanele loketshezi, kufaka phakathi amanzi. Kufanele futhi udle inani elifanele likasawoti ekudleni kwakho, okungama-milligram angama-2 000 e-sodium ngosuku kumuntu omdala ojwayelekile.Ekugcineni, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ubone ukuthi ngabe imuphi umuthi wakho wamanje noma imishanguzo engaphezulu kwe-counter ingakhuphula ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-hypercalcemia.