Isodium Yegazi Eliphansi (Hyponatremia)

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-sodium ephansi egazini
• Izimbangela ze-sodium ephansi egazini
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-sodium ephansi egazini?
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-sodium ephansi egazini
• Ukwelashwa nge-sodium ephansi yegazi
• Ukuvimbela i-sodium ephansi yegazi
• Ezinye izinkinga ze-electrolyte: Hypernatremia

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Kusho ukuthini ukuba ne-sodium ephansi yegazi?

I-Sodium i-electrolyte ebalulekile esiza ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi kumaseli akho nangaseduze kwawo. Kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwemisipha nezinzwa. Kuyasiza nokugcina amazinga e-blood pressure azinzile.

I-sodium enganele egazini lakho yaziwa nangokuthi hyponatremia. Kwenzeka lapho amanzi ne-sodium kungalingani. Ngamanye amagama, kunamanzi amaningi noma ayanele i-sodium egazini lakho.

Ngokuvamile, izinga lakho le-sodium kufanele libe phakathi kwama-milliequivalents aphakathi kuka-135 no-145 ilitha ngalinye (mEq / L). I-Hyponatremia yenzeka lapho izinga lakho le-sodium liba ngaphansi kuka-135 mEq / L.

Izimpawu ze-sodium ephansi egazini

Izimpawu ze-sodium ephansi yegazi zingahluka kuye ngomuntu. Uma amazinga akho e-sodium ehla kancane kancane, ungahle ungazitholi izimpawu. Uma zehla ngokushesha okukhulu, izimpawu zakho zingaba nzima kakhulu.

Ukulahlekelwa i-sodium ngokushesha kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Kungadala ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuxhuzula, nokuquleka.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-sodium ephansi yegazi zifaka:

• ubuthakathaka
• ukukhathala noma amandla amancane
• ikhanda
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• amajaqamba noma ama-spasms
• ukudideka
• ukucasuka

Izimbangela ze-sodium ephansi egazini

Izici eziningi zingadala i-sodium ephansi yegazi. Izinga lakho le-sodium lingahle liphansi kakhulu uma umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amanzi amaningi nama-electrolyte. I-Hyponatremia ingaba futhi uphawu lwezimo ezithile zezokwelapha.

Izimbangela ze-sodium ephansi zifaka:

• ukuhlanza okukhulu noma isifo sohudo
• ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile, kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka kanye nemithi yezinhlungu
• ukuphuza isisu (amaphilisi amanzi)
• ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca (lokhu akuvamile)
• ukoma komzimba
• isifo sezinso noma ukwehluleka kwezinso
• isifo sesibindi
• izinkinga zenhliziyo, kufaka phakathi ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okucinana
• ukuphazamiseka kwezindlala ze-adrenal, njengesifo i-Addison, esenza imiphumela yezindlala zakho ze-adrenal ukulawula ibhalansi ye-sodium, i-potassium, namanzi emzimbeni wakho
• i-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi)
• i-polydipsia eyinhloko, isimo lapho ukoma ngokweqile kukwenza uphuze ngokweqile
• usebenzisa i-ecstasy
• i-syndrome ye-antidiuretic hormone engafanele (SIADH), eyenza umzimba wakho ugcine amanzi
• isifo sikashukela insipidus, isimo esingavamile lapho umzimba ungenzi khona i-hormone elwa namagciwane
• I-Cushing's syndrome, edala amazinga aphezulu e-cortisol (lokhu akuvamile)

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-sodium ephansi egazini?

Izici ezithile zandisa ubungozi be-sodium ephansi yegazi, kufaka phakathi:

• ukuguga
• ukusetshenziswa komchamo
• ukusetshenziswa kwe-antidepressant
• ukuba ngumdlali osezingeni eliphezulu
• ukuhlala endaweni efudumele
• ukudla ukudla okunesodium ephansi
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo sezinso, i-syndrome ye-anti-diuretic hormone engafanele (SIADH), noma ezinye izimo

Uma usengozini ye-sodium ephansi, kungadingeka ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu ngokudla kwakho ama-electrolyte namanzi.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-sodium ephansi egazini

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole amazinga aphansi e-sodium. Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu ze-sodium ephansi yegazi, udokotela wakho anga-oda iphaneli eyisisekelo ye-metabolic. Lokhu kuvivinya inani lama-electrolyte namaminerali egazini lakho. Iphaneli eyisisekelo ye-metabolic ivame ukuba yingxenye yomzimba ojwayelekile. Kungakhomba i-sodium ephansi yegazi kumuntu ongenazo izimpawu.

Uma amazinga akho angajwayelekile, udokotela wakho uzokuyalela ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuze ahlole inani le-sodium emchameni wakho. Imiphumela yalolu vivinyo izosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume imbangela ye-sodium ephansi yegazi lakho:

• Uma amazinga akho e-sodium ephansi kodwa amazinga akho e-sodium womchamo aphezulu, umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa yi-sodium eningi kakhulu.
• Amazinga aphansi e-sodium egazini lakho nasemchameni wakho asho ukuthi umzimba wakho awuthathi i-sodium eyanele. Kungaba namanzi amaningi kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Ukwelashwa nge-sodium ephansi yegazi

Ukwelashwa kwe-sodium ephansi yegazi kuyahluka kuye ngesizathu. Kungabandakanya:

• ukunciphisa ukuncipha koketshezi
• ukulungisa umthamo we-diuretics
• ukuthatha imishanguzo yezimpawu ezifana nokuphathwa yikhanda, isicanucanu, nokuquleka
• ukwelapha izimo ezingaphansi
• ukufaka isisombululo se-sodium emithanjeni (IV)

Ukuvimbela i-sodium ephansi yegazi

Ukugcina amazinga akho wamanzi ne-electrolyte esilinganisweni kungasiza ukuvimbela i-sodium ephansi yegazi.

Uma ungumdlali, kubalulekile ukuphuza isilinganiso esifanele samanzi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba. Kufanele futhi ucabangele ukuphuza isiphuzo sokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni, njengeGatorade noma iPowerade. Lezi ziphuzo ziqukethe ama-electrolyte, kufaka phakathi i-sodium. Basiza ukugcwalisa i-sodium elahlekile ngokujuluka. Lezi ziphuzo ziyasiza futhi uma ulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi ngokuhlanza noma uhudo.

Ngesikhathi sosuku olujwayelekile, abesifazane kufanele bahlose ukuphuza amalitha ayi-2.2 oketshezi. Abesilisa kufanele bahlose ngamalitha ama-3. Uma unamanzi anele, umchamo wakho uzoba mthubi ophuzi noma ucace futhi ngeke uzizwe womile.

Kubalulekile ukwandisa uketshezi oludlayo uma:

• isimo sezulu sifudumele
• usendaweni ephakeme kakhulu
• ukhulelwe noma uncelisa ibele
• uyahlanza
• unesifo sohudo
• unomkhuhlane

Akufanele uphuze amanzi angaphezu kwe-1 litre ngehora. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ezinye izinkinga ze-electrolyte: Hypernatremia

I-Hypernatremia ayivamile. Kwenzeka lapho umuntu engatholi amanzi anele ngenxa yokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kwamanzi noma inqubo yokoma engasebenzi kahle. Kubangelwa okungajwayelekile yi-insipidus yesifo sikashukela. Kwenzeka lapho izinga lakho le-serum sodium lidlula i-145 mEq / L.

I-Hypernatremia ingadala:

• ukudideka
• injabulo ye-neuromuscular
• i-hyperreflexia
• isithuthwane
• ikhoma