I-Orotracheal intubation: iyini, yenzelwe ini nokuthi yenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Kwenziwa kanjani intubation
• Lapho kungafanele kwenziwe
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka

I-Orotracheal intubation, evame ukwaziwa njenge-intubation, inqubo lapho udokotela afaka khona ithubhu lisuka emlonyeni womuntu liye ku-trachea, ukuze kugcinwe indlela evulekile eya emaphashini nokuqinisekisa ukuphefumula okwanele. Le tube futhi ixhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula, ongena esikhundleni semisipha yokuphefumula, ecindezela umoya emaphashini.

Ngakho-ke, intubation ikhonjiswa lapho udokotela edinga ukulawula ngokuphelele ukuphefumula komuntu, okwenzeka kaningi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nge-anesthesia ejwayelekile noma ukugcina ukuphefumula kubantu abalaliswe esibhedlela besesimweni esibi.

Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe kuphela ngumqeqeshi wezempilo oqeqeshiwe nasendaweni enezinto ezanele, njengezibhedlela, ngoba kunengozi yokulimala kanzima endizeni.

Yenzelwe ini

I-Orotracheal intubation yenziwa lapho kunesidingo sokulawula ngokuphelele indlela yomoya, engadingeka kwizimo ezinjengalezi:

• Ukuba ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yokuhlinzwa;
• Ukwelashwa okujulile kubantu abasesimweni esibucayi;
• Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo;
• Ukuvinjelwa komoya, njenge-glottis edema.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma iyiphi inkinga yezempilo engathinta imigwaqo yomoya nayo ingaba yinkomba ye-intubation, njengoba kudingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphaphu aqhubeka nokuthola umoya-mpilo.

Kunamashubhu anamasayizi ahlukahlukene we-intubation, futhi okuhlukahluka ngobubanzi bawo, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi kube ngu-7 no-8 mm kubantu abadala. Endabeni yezingane, usayizi webhubhu we-intubation wenziwa ngokweminyaka.

Kwenziwa kanjani intubation

I-intubation yenziwa nomuntu olele ngomhlane futhi uvame ukungazi lutho, futhi esimweni sokuhlinzwa, intubation yenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuqala kwe-anesthesia, ngoba i-intubation iyinqubo engakhululeki neze.

Ukwenza i-intubation kahle, kudingeka abantu ababili: ogcina intamo ivikelekile, eqinisekisa ukuqondana komgogodla nomoya, kanti omunye ukufaka ishubhu. Lokhu kunakekelwa kubaluleke kakhulu ngemuva kwezingozi noma kubantu okuqinisekiswe ukuthi banomonakalo emgogodleni, ukugwema ukulimala komgogodla.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ngubani owenza intubation kufanele adonse isilevu salowo muntu emuva futhi avule umlomo womuntu ukubeka i-laryngoscope emlonyeni, okuyithuluzi eliya ekuqaleni kwendlela yomoya futhi ekuvumela ukuthi ubheke ama-glottis nezintambo zezwi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ishubhu le-intubation lifakwa ngomlomo nangokuvula i-glottis.

Ekugcineni, ishubhu linamathiselwe kule ndawo ngebhaluni elincane elifuthwayo futhi lixhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula, ongena esikhundleni somsebenzi wemisipha yokuphefumula futhi uvumele umoya ukuthi ufinyelele emaphashini.

Lapho kungafanele kwenziwe

Kunokuphikisana okumbalwa kwe-intubation ye-orotracheal, njengoba kuyindlela ephuthumayo esiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumula. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo kufanele igwenywe kubantu abanenhlobo ethile yokusikwa ku-trachea, ngokuncamela ukunikezwa ukuhlinzwa okubeka ithubhu endaweni.

Ukuba khona kokulimala kwentambo yomgogodla akuyona into ephikisanayo ye-intubation, njengoba kungenzeka ukuzinzisa intamo ukuze ingabhebhethekisi noma ibangele ukulimala okusha komgogodla.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Inkinga ebucayi kunazo zonke engenzeka ekufukameleni ukubekwa kwephubhu endaweni engafanele, njengasesimweni somzimba, kuthumela umoya esiswini esikhundleni samaphaphu, okuholele ekushodeni komoya-mpilo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kungenziwanga nguchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, i-intubation isengadala umonakalo emgudwini wokuphefumula, ukopha futhi iholele nasekufisweni kokuhlanza emaphashini.