I-Krokodil (Desomorphine): I-Opioid Enamandla, engekho Emthethweni enemiphumela emibi

-Delile

• Yini i-krokodil (desomorphine)?
• Kusetshenziselwa ini?
• Imiphumela emibi ye-Krokodil
• Isikhumba necrosis
• Ukulimala kwemisipha noqwanga
• Ukulimala kwesitsha segazi
• Ukulimala kwethambo
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ama-opioid yizidakamizwa eziqeda izinhlungu. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-opioid atholakalayo, kufaka phakathi lawo enziwe ngezitshalo ze-poppy, njenge-morphine, nama-opioid okwenziwa, afana ne-fentanyl.

Uma isetshenziswa njengoba kunqunyiwe, ingasebenza kakhulu ekwelapheni izinhlungu ezingakhululiwe ngeminye imithi yezinhlungu, njenge-acetaminophen.

Ama-opioid asebenza ngokunamathisela ama-opioid receptors ebuchosheni nasekuvimbeleni amasiginali obuhlungu. Babuye bakhulise imizwa yenjabulo, yingakho belutha.

Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-opioid sekufinyelele ezingeni lomqedazwe. Nsuku zonke, kufa abantu abayi-130 ngenxa yokweqiwa kwe-opioid e-United States, ngokusho kuka. Lokhu kufaka ama-opioid ngazo zonke izindlela: okwangempela, okwenziwe, noma okuxubene nezinye izidakamizwa.

I-Desomorphine isisuselwa ngomjovo we-morphine. Kungenzeka wake wezwa ngayo ngegama layo lomgwaqo elithi "krokodil." Kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi indawo eshibhile ye-heroin.

Igama laso lomgwaqo livela komunye wemiphumela yaso enobuthi eminingi. Abantu abasebenzisa i-krokodil baba nesikhumba esinamafutha, esimnyama nesiluhlaza esifana nesikhumba sengwenya.

Yini i-krokodil (desomorphine)?

I-Krokodil yisipelingi saseRussia sengwenya. Ihamba ngamagama ambalwa ahlukene nokupela, kufaka phakathi:

• krocodil
• krok
• ingwenya
• isidakamizwa i-alligator

It yethulwa okokuqala eRussia ekuqaleni kwawo-2000. Yenziwe ngokuhlanganisa i-desomorphine kusuka ku-codeine nokuyixuba nezinye izithasiselo, njenge:

• i-hydrochloric acid
• upende omncane
• iodine
• uphethiloli
• uketshezi olulula
• i-red phosphorus (indawo eshaya umentshisi)

Lezi zithasiselo eziyingozi kungenzeka ukuthi ziyimbangela yemiphumela yazo emibi.

I-Russia ne-Ukraine kubukeka sengathi zithinteka kakhulu kulo muthi, kepha kube nokusetshenziswa kwawo nemiphumela engemihle e-United States.

Kusetshenziselwa ini?

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-desomorphine kwabikwa okokuqala ngo-1935 njengokwelashwa kobuhlungu obubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka.

Lesi sidakamizwa kutholakale ukuthi siyisidakamizwa esinamandla sokudambisa izinhlungu kune-morphine enesikhathi esifushane nesicanucanu esincane. Odokotela baqhubekile nokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa ngomphumela waso wokuzola.

Ayisasetshenziswa namuhla. E-United States, i-Drug Enforcing Administration (i-DEA) ibeka i-desomorphine njengezinto zeSheduli I. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inamandla aphezulu okusetshenziswa kabi ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha okwamukelwe.

Amaphilisi e-Codeine ayatholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela eRussia. Izinto ezingabizi futhi zitholakale kalula zihlanganiswa ne-codeine ukwenza uhlobo lomuthi olwenziwe ekhaya noma lomgwaqo, i-krokodil.

Abantu bayisebenzisa njengendawo eshibhile ye-heroin.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Krokodil

Umphumela owaziwa kakhulu we-krokodil isikhumba esiluhlaza nesimnyama esikhula ngokushesha ngemuva kokujova umuthi.

Ngokuya ngemibiko, abantu abadingi ukusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa isikhathi eside ukuzwa ukulimala kwezicubu unomphela futhi kubi okujula njengokujula kwethambo.

Ake sibhekisise imiphumela emibi ebhekene negama lomgwaqo wesidakamizwa kanye neminye imiphumela yaso emibi.

Isikhumba necrosis

Ngokusho, abantu baba nokuvuvukala okukhulu nobuhlungu endaweni lapho umjovo ufakwa khona. Lokhu kulandelwa ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba nokukala. Ekugcineni izindawo ezinkulu zezilonda zenzeka lapho izicubu zifa khona.

Umonakalo kukholakala ukuthi okungenani ngokwengxenye ubangelwe umthelela onobuthi wezithasiselo ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi, iningi lawo eliguguzela isikhumba.

Isidakamizwa asihlanjululwa ngaphambi kokujova. Lokhu kungachaza ukuthi kungani ukucasuka kwesikhumba kwenzeka cishe ngemuva nje kokujova.

Ukulimala kwemisipha noqwanga

Isikhumba esinezilonda sivame ukuqhubekela phambili ekulimaleni kakhulu kwemisipha noqwanga. Isikhumba siyaqhubeka nokuba nezilonda, sigcine ngokuncipha futhi siveze ithambo ngaphansi.

I-Krokodil inamandla kakhulu kune-morphine. Ngenxa yemiphumela yokuqeda izinhlungu, abantu abaningi abasebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa abayinaki le miphumela emibi futhi bayayeka ukwelashwa kuze kube sekwenziwe umonakalo omkhulu, kufaka phakathi ukulimala.

Ukulimala kwesitsha segazi

I-Krokodil ingalimaza imithambo yegazi evimbela izicubu zomzimba ekutholeni igazi elidingayo. Ukulimala kwesitsha segazi okuhambisana nomuthi kungadala ukubola. Kungadala futhi i-thrombophlebitis, okuwukuvuvukala komthambo obangelwa ihlule legazi.

Ukulimala kwethambo

Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (i-osteomyelitis) nokufa kwamathambo (i-osteonecrosis) ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezihlukile endaweni yokujova kuye kwabikwa.

Amagciwane ayakwazi ukungena ethanjeni ngamanxeba ajulile ezicubu, abangele ukutheleleka. Ukufa kwamathambo kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ethanjeni kuhamba kancane noma kumiswa.

Ukunqunywa kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuphatha lolu hlobo lomonakalo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-krokodil kuhlotshaniswe neminye imiphumela emibi kakhulu nezinkinga, kufaka phakathi:

• inyumoniya
• meningitis
• sepsis, ebizwa nangokuthi ubuthi begazi
• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• ukulimala kwesibindi
• ukulimala kwengqondo
• ukweqisa izidakamizwa
• ukufa

Ukudla okudlela endlini

I-Krokodil (desomorphine) iyisidakamizwa esiyingozi futhi esingaba yingozi esidala imiphumela emibi eminingi.

Imiphumela yayo enobuthi ibonwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuyijova futhi ithuthuke ngokushesha okukhulu.

Uma wena noma umuntu omaziyo esebenzisa i-krokodil noma esebenzisa kabi amanye ama-opioid, nansi indlela yokuthola usizo.