Ingabe Kufanele Ukhathazeke Ngokuqhamuka Kamuva Kwezimungumungwane?

-Delile

• Uyini Isimungumungwane?
• Wazi Kanjani Uma Uvikelekile Emasimini
• Kungani Isimungumungwane Sibuyele Emuva?
• Buyekeza kwe-

Uma usufunde izindaba muva nje, kungenzeka ukuthi uyazi ngokuqubuka kwesimungumungwane okumanje kuhlasele e-US Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2019, sekubikwe amacala angama-626 ezifundazweni ezingama-22, ezweni lonke, ngokusho kweCenters for Disease Control. kanye Nokuvimbela (CDC). Le spike ekuguleni isesabekayo futhi ephathelene, ukuthi kube nokulalelwa kwenhlangano ukuthi kwenzenjani ngakho.

Ukukhathazeka nakho akunasisekelo, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukuthi iMelika yamemezela ukuthi isimungumungwane sizoqedwa ngo-2000 ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kabanzi komuthi wokugomela iMeasles Mumps and Rubella (MMR).

Ukugula bekungakabi khona isikhashana, kubanga ukudideka okuningi nolwazi olungelona iqiniso ngesihloko. Abanye abantu banomuzwa wokuthi abokufika abangagonyiwe yibo ababangela ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo ngokusekelwe kulokho okubonakala kuwukucwasa ngokwebala nezombusazwe. Iqiniso, nokho, ukuthi izifo eziningi ezivinjelwa ngokugoma njengesimungumungwane azihlangene kangako nabokufika noma ababaleki futhi zihlobene kakhulu nezakhamizi zase-US ezingagonyiwe eziphuma ezweni, zigula, futhi zibuye zingenwe yileli gciwane.

Esinye isikole sokucabanga ukuthi ukuthola isimungumungwane kungaba yinto enhle kumasosha omzimba womuntu, ngakho-ke kunamandla futhi kuyakwazi ukulwa nezifo ezibucayi njengomdlavuza. (Yeh-fake izindaba.)

Kepha ngayo yonke le mibono ezungezayo, ochwepheshe baphinda ingozi engaba khona ngokukholelwa lezo ezingasekelwa yisayensi ngoba yize isimungumungwane uqobo singabangeli ukufa, izinkinga ezivela ekuguleni zingakwenza.

Ngakho-ke ukuze sihlukanise iqiniso nenganekwane futhi sicacise ngesimo esididayo nesesabekayo, siphendule imibuzo evamile yesimungumungwane, kufaka phakathi ukuthi kufanele ukhathazeke kanjani wena uqobo.

Uyini Isimungumungwane?

Imasisi empeleni ukutheleleka ngegciwane elithathelwanayo ngendlela engenakulapheka ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Uma ungagonyiwe futhi usegumbini elinomuntu onesimungumungwane, futhi bakhwehlela, bathimule, noma bashaye amakhala abo endaweni yakho ejwayelekile, unethuba lokuthola igciwane izikhathi eziyisishiyagalolunye kwezingu-10, kusho uCharles Bailey MD , uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo eSibhedlela iSt. Joseph eCalifornia.

Cishe ngeke wazi ukuthi unesimungumungwane ngaso leso sikhathi. Ukutheleleka kwaziwa ngokuqubuka kwaso okuhlukile namachashaza amancane amhlophe ngaphakathi emlonyeni, kodwa lezo ngokuvamile ziyizimpawu zokugcina ezivelayo. Eqinisweni, ungahle uhambe nesimungumungwane kuze kube amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuba uthuthukise noma iziphi izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ikhala eligobayo namehlo anamanzi. "Abantu babhekwa njengesifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu ezinsukwini ezintathu noma ezine ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezintathu noma izinsuku," kusho uDkt. Bailey. "Ngakho-ke amathuba okuthi uzosabalalisa kwabanye ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi unaso makhulu kakhulu kunezinye izifo eziningi ezifanayo." (Okuhlobene: Yini Ebangela Isikhumba Sakho Esihlabayo?)

Njengoba ingekho imishanguzo yesimungumungwane, umzimba uphoqeleka ukuthi umane ulwe nayo phakathi nesikhathi esivame ukuba amasonto ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, kunethuba lokuthi ungafa ngenxa yokuba nesimungumungwane. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayinkulungwane ubulawa ukungenwa yimasisi, imvamisa kungenxa yezinkinga eziza nokulwa nalesi sifo, kusho uDkt. Bailey. "Cishe amaphesenti angu-30 abantu abanesimungumungwane baba nezinkinga zokuphefumula kanye ne-neurologic ezingaba yingozi empilweni." (Okuhlobene: Ungafa yini Umkhuhlane?)

Izimo ezimbi kakhulu zezinkinga ezibangelwa isimungumungwane kulapho umuntu eba nesifo sokuqina kwesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga i-panencephalitis noma i-SSP, kusho uDkt. Bailey. Lesi simo sidala ukuthi isimungumungwane sihlale silele ebuchosheni iminyaka eyisikhombisa kuya kweyi-10 bese sivuka ngokungahleliwe. “Lokhu kubangela ukusabela komzimba okungaholela ekuqulekeni, ukuquleka, nokufa,” usho kanje. "Ayikho imishanguzo futhi akekho umuntu owake wasinda nge-SSP."

Wazi Kanjani Uma Uvikelekile Emasimini

Kusukela ngo-1989, i-CDC isincome imithamo emibili yomgomo we-MMR. Eyokuqala iphakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12-15 ubudala, kanti eyesibili iphakathi kweminyaka emine neyisithupha. Ngakho-ke uma usukwenzile lokho, kufanele ube usulungile. Kodwa uma ungakayitholi yomibili imithamo, noma ugonyiwe ngaphambi kuka-1989, kufanelekile ukucela udokotela wakho ukuthi akugomele i-booster, kusho uDkt. Bailey.

Kunjalo, njenganoma yimiphi imithi yokugoma, i-MMR ayikwazi ukusebenza ngamaphesenti ayi-100. Ngakho-ke kusengenzeka ukuthi uthole igciwane, ikakhulukazi uma amasosha akho omzimba esengozini. Lokho kusho ukuthi, ukugoma kusazosiza imbangela yakho noma ngabe uthola igciwane. "Kungenzeka ube nesifo esingathi sína kakhulu ngaleli gciwane futhi ube mancane amathuba okuthi usisakaze nakwabanye," kusho uDkt Bailey. (Ubuwazi ukuthi lolu hlobo lomkhuhlane luyanda?)

Ngenkathi izingane, asebekhulile, nalabo abalwa nezinye izifo ezibucayi besesengcupheni enkulu yokuthola isimungumungwane, abesifazane abakhulelwe nabo kudingeka baqaphe kakhulu, kusho uDkt. Bailey. Ukuba nesimungumungwane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngeke kubangele ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, kepha kungaholela ekusebenzeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi kwandise ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu. Futhi njengoba ungeke ugonywe ngenkathi ukhulelwe, kungcono kakhulu ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ukugoma kwakho kusesikhathini samanje ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuzama ukukhulelwa.

Kuwukuhlakanipha futhi ukuzijwayeza ukuqapha okwengeziwe ngokusekelwe lapho uhlala khona. Abantu abahlala ezifundeni ezingama-22 ababone ukuqubuka kwesimungumungwane, ikakhulukazi labo abangagonyiwe, kufanele bafune usizo lwezokwelapha lapho nje beqala ukubona izimpawu. Njengoba lesi sifo sithelelana kakhulu, ngisho nalabo kukhona abagonyiwe basengozini enkulu yokuthola igciwane uma behlala endaweni enesimungumungwane esiningi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi unake labo abaseduze kwakho futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha njengokugeza izandla njalo nokugqoka imaski lapho usezindaweni eziyingozi njengamagumbi okulinda esibhedlela, kusho uDkt. Bailey.

Kungani Isimungumungwane Sibuyele Emuva?

Ayikho impendulo eyodwa. Okokuqala nje, bayanda abantu abavunyelwa ukuba bayeke ukugoma izingane zabo ngenxa yezizathu zenkolo nezokuziphatha, okubangela ukuwa kwento ebizwa ngokuthi "ukuzivikela komhlambi" okuye kwavikela abantu base-U.S. ngokumelene nesimungumungwane amashumi eminyaka, kusho uDkt. Bailey. Ukungavikeleki kwemfuyo kubaluleke kakhulu lapho inani labantu selizakhele ukumelana nezifo ezithathelwanayo ngezinga eliphezulu lokugoma.

Ukuze kugcinwe ukuzivikela komhlambi phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-85 kuya kwangama-94 abantu kumele bagonywe. Kodwa kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, i-U.S. yehle ngaphansi kwenani eliphansi, okubangela ukuvuselelwa okuningana okuhlanganisa okwakamuva kakhulu. Kungakho izindawo ezinokugonywa okuphansi njengeBrooklyn, kanye nezindawo zaseCalifornia naseMichigan, zibone ukwanda okusheshayo kwesimungumungwane kanye nezifo ezihlobene naleli gciwane. (Okuhlobene: 5 Izifo Ezivamile Zesikhunta Ongazithatha EGym)

Okwesibili, ngenkathi i-U.S. isabheka isimungumungwane njengesiqediwe (naphezu kokuvela kwaso kabusha) akunjalo emhlabeni wonke. Abantu abangagonyiwe abavakashela phesheya kwezilwandle bangabuyisa ukugula emazweni anenkinga yesimungumungwane okwamanje. Lokho kuhambisana nokwanda kwabantu abangagonyiwe e-US kubangela ukugula kubhebhetheke njengomlilo wequbula.

Iphuzu lilula: Ukuze wonke umuntu avikeleke kumasimungumungwane, wonke umuntu ongagonywa kuzodingeka enze kanjalo. "Isimungumungwane ukugula okungagwemeka ngokuphelele, okwenza ukubuya kwaso kukhungathekise futhi kubhekane nakho," kusho uDkt. Bailey. "Umuthi wokugoma uyasebenza futhi uphephile, ngakho-ke into ehamba phambili kakhulu ukuya phambili ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sonke sivikelekile."

Buyekeza kwe-