Ukutholakala Kwemithi Yesifo SikaParkinson

-Delile

• Yiziphi izingxenye zeMedicare ezimboza ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaParkinson?
• Ingxenye A Ukusabalala
• Ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye B
• Ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye C
• Ukufakwa kwengxenye D
• Ukusabalala kweMedigap
• Yimiphi imithi, izinsizakalo, kanye nokwelashwa kwesifo sikaParkinson okuhlanganiswayo?
• Imithi
• Izinsiza nokwelashwa
• I-ultrasound egxile
• Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile
• Ipompo leDuopa
• Ukunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi abanamakhono
• Ukwelashwa emsebenzini nasemzimbeni
• Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo
• Ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo
• Imishini yezokwelapha ehlala njalo (I-DME)
• Yini engamboziwe?
• Yiziphi izindleko okufanele ngilindele ukuzikhokha?
• Izindleko zengxenye A
• Izindleko zengxenye B
• Izindleko zengxenye C
• Izindleko zengxenye D
• Izindleko zeMedigap
• Siyini isifo sikaParkinson?
• Ukuthatha

• I-Medicare ihlanganisa imishanguzo, izindlela zokwelapha, nezinye izinsizakalo ezibandakanya ukwelapha isifo sikaParkinson nezimpawu zaso.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukwelashwa emsebenzini, kanye nokwelashwa kokukhuluma konke kufakiwe kulokhu kufakwa.
• Ungalindela ezinye izindleko zokuphuma kwamaphakethe, noma ngabe utholakala nge-Medicare yakho.

I-Medicare ihlanganisa ukwelashwa okudingekayo kwezokwelapha kwesifo sika-Parkinson, kufaka phakathi imishanguzo, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa, nokuhlala esibhedlela. Ngokuya ngohlobo lokumboza onalo, ungahle ube nezindleko ezingaphandle kwesikhwama, ezinjengama-copay, i-coinsurance, nama-premium.

I-Medicare kungenzeka ingabandakanyi zonke izinsizakalo ozozidinga, njengosizo lokuphila okuvamile kwansuku zonke.

Uma wena noma umuntu omthandayo enesifo sikaParkinson, kubalulekile kuwe ukuthi uqonde ukuthi iziphi izingxenye zeMedicare ezimboza ukuthi iziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukugwema izindleko ezinkulu, ezingalindelekile.

Yiziphi izingxenye zeMedicare ezimboza ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaParkinson?

I-Medicare yakhiwa izingxenye eziningi. Ingxenye ngayinye ihlanganisa izinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa ozodinga ukuphatha ezikaParkinson.

I-Original Medicare yakhiwa Ingxenye A noNgxenye B. Ingxenye A ihlanganisa ingxenye yezindleko zakho zokwelashwa ezibhedlela. Ingxenye B inikeza ukufakwa kwezidingo zezokwelapha ezingalalisiwe kubandakanya lezo zokuxilonga, ukwelashwa nokuvimbela.

Ingxenye A Ukusabalala

Ingxenye A ihlanganisa izinsizakalo ezilandelayo ezihlobene nesifo sika-Parkinson:

• ukunakekelwa kwezibhedlela ezingalaliswayo kubandakanya ukudla, ukuvakashelwa odokotela, ukumpontshelwa igazi, imishanguzo esetshenziswa ngaphandle, kanye nokwelashwa
• izinqubo zokuhlinzwa
• ukunakekelwa kwe-hospice
• ukunakekelwa kwezikhungo zabahlengikazi ezinomkhawulo noma ngezikhathi ezithile
• izinsizakalo zezempilo zasekhaya ezinamakhono

Ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye B

Ingxenye B izobhala izinto ezilandelayo nezinsizakalo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwakho:

• Izinsizakalo zeziguli ezingaphandle ezifana nodokotela ojwayelekile kanye nokuqokwa kochwepheshe
• ukuhlolwa
• izivivinyo zokuxilonga
• izinsizakalo zokusiza ezempilo zasekhaya ezikhawulelwe
• imishini yezokwelapha ehlala isikhathi eside (i-DME)
• isevisi ye-ambulensi
• ukwelashwa emsebenzini nasemzimbeni
• ukwelashwa kokukhuluma
• izinsizakalo zezempilo yengqondo

Ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye C

Ingxenye C (Medicare Advantage) uhlelo lomshuwalense wezempilo ongalithenga kumshuwalense wangasese. Ukutholakala kwengxenye C kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlelo lokuhlela kepha kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka okungenani ukumbozwa okufanayo ne-Medicare yasekuqaleni. Ezinye izinhlelo ze-Part C nazo zimboza imishanguzo nezinsiza zokwengeza, ezifana nombono nokunakekelwa kwamazinyo.

Izinhlelo ze-Part C zidinga ukuthi ukhethe odokotela nabahlinzeki bakho ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yabo.

Ukufakwa kwengxenye D

Ingxenye D ihlanganisa imishanguzo kadokotela futhi ibuye ithengwe enkampanini yomshuwalense yangasese. Uma unohlelo lwengxenye C, ungahle ungadingi uhlelo lwengxenye D.

Izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zimboza imithi ehlukile, eyaziwa njenge-formulary. Yize zonke izinhlelo zeNgxenye D zimboza eminye yemithi ongayidinga ukwelapha iParkinson's, kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi noma imuphi umuthi owuthathayo noma ongawudinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uyahlanganiswa ngaphansi kohlelo lwakho.

Ukusabalala kweMedigap

I-Medigap, noma i-Medicare eyengeziwe yomshuwalense, ihlanganisa ezinye noma zonke izikhala zezezimali ezisele kwi-Medicare yasekuqaleni. Lezi zindleko zingabandakanya ukudonswa kwemali, ama-copay kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwemali. Uma unohlelo lwengxenye C, awufanelekile ukuthenga uhlelo lweMedigap.

Kunezinhlelo eziningi zeMedigap ongakhetha kuzo. Abanye banikeza ukumbozwa okubanzi kunabanye kepha beza nezindleko eziphezulu ze-premium. Izindleko zemithi kadokotela azimboziwe ngaphansi kweMedigap.

Yimiphi imithi, izinsizakalo, kanye nokwelashwa kwesifo sikaParkinson okuhlanganiswayo?

Isifo sikaParkinson singeza nezinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu zezimoto nezingezona ezezimoto. Izimpawu zalesi simo zingahluka kubantu abahlukene.

Njengoba kuyisifo esiqhubekayo, izimpawu zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-Medicare ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa, imithi, kanye nezinsizakalo ongazidinga ukuphatha isifo sikaParkinson kukho konke ukuphila kwakho.

Imithi

Isifo sikaParkinson saziwa ngokubangela amazinga anciphise e-dopamine ebuchosheni. Futhi kubangela ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile zamaseli obuchopho ziwohloke noma zife. Lokhu kuholela ekuthuthumeleni nakwezinye izinkinga ngomsebenzi wezimoto.

I-Medicare ihlanganisa imishanguzo engenza ngendlela efanayo noma esikhundleni se-dopamine. Iphinde ihlanganise eminye imishanguzo ebizwa nge-COMT inhibitors, eyandisa noma ithuthukise umphumela wezidakamizwa ze-dopamine.

Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo njengokunganaki, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokudana kwengqondo, kanye ne-psychosis, kuvamile kubantu abane-Parkinson's. Imithi ekhuluma ngalezi zimo nayo ihlanganiswe yiMedicare. Ezinye izibonelo zalezi zinhlobo zemithi zifaka:

• I-MAO inhibitors, njenge-isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Zelapar), ne-tranylcypromine (iParnate)
• imishanguzo yokulwa nezengqondo, njenge-pimavanserin (i-Nuplazid) ne-clozapine (i-Versacloz)

Izinsiza nokwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaParkinson kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu. Izinsizakalo kanye nokwelashwa okuhlanganiswa yiMedicare kulesi simo kufaka phakathi lokho okuchazwe ezigabeni ezilandelayo.

I-ultrasound egxile

Lokhu kwelashwa okungavulelekanga kuletha amandla e-ultrasound ekujuleni kobuchopho. Ingasetshenziswa ezigabeni zokuqala iParkinson's ukunciphisa ukundindizela nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwezimoto.

Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile

Uma imishanguzo ikusizile esikhathini esedlule kepha ayisenamandla ngokwanele ukuphatha izimpawu ezinjengokuthuthumela, ukuqina, nokuphazamiseka kwemisipha, udokotela wakho angancoma ukugqugquzelwa kobuchopho okujulile.

Le yinqubo yokuhlinzwa lapho udokotela ohlinzayo ezofaka i-electrode ebuchosheni. I-electrode inamathiselwe ngezintambo zokuhlinza kudivayisi ye-neurostimulator esebenza ngebhethri, efakwa esifubeni.

Ipompo leDuopa

Uma umuthi wakho we-carbidopa / levodopa oral dopamine ususebenze kangcono kunakuqala, udokotela wakho angancoma iphampu yeDuopa. Le divayisi iletha umuthi ngohlobo lwejel ngqo emgudwini wamathumbu ngembobo encane (i-stoma) eyenziwe esiswini.

Ukunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi abanamakhono

Ekhaya, ukunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi abanamakhono okwesikhashana kumbozwa ngabakwaMedicare isikhathi esilinganiselwe. Umkhawulo wesikhathi uvame ukuba yizinsuku ezingama-21 zezinsizakalo ezingabizi. Udokotela wakho anganweba lo mkhawulo uma kunesikhathi esilinganiselwayo sokuthi uzozidinga isikhathi esingakanani lezi zinsizakalo bese uthumela incwadi echaza isidingo sakho sezokwelapha.

Ukunakekelwa esikhungweni sabahlengikazi abanekhono kuhlanganiswa mahhala ezinsukwini ezingama-20 zokuqala, bese kuthi kusukela ezinsukwini ezingama-21 kuye kwezingu-100, uzokhokha imali eyikhokhwa nsuku zonke. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-100, uzokhokha izindleko ezigcwele zokuhlala kwakho nezinsizakalo.

Ukwelashwa emsebenzini nasemzimbeni

IParkinson’s ingathinta amaqembu emisipha emikhulu namancane. Ukwelashwa emsebenzini kugxila emaqenjini amancane emisipha, njengaseminwe. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kugxila emaqenjini amakhulu emisipha, njengasemilenzeni.

Abelaphi bangafundisa abantu abanezivivinyo ezihlukile zikaParkinson ukugcina imisebenzi yansuku zonke nokwenza ngcono impilo yabo. Le misebenzi ifaka phakathi ukudla nokuphuza, ukuhamba, ukuhlala, ukushintsha indawo ngenkathi uhlezi, nokubhala ngesandla.

Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo

Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya kungabangelwa ukwehliswa kwemisipha ku-larynx (ibhokisi lezwi), umlomo, ulimi, izindebe, nomphimbo. I-pathologist yolimi olukhuluma noma owelapha ngezinkulumo angasiza abantu abaneParkinson ukuthi bagcine amakhono okuxhumana ngamazwi nangamazwi.

Ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo

Ukudana, ukukhathazeka, i-psychosis, kanye nezinkinga ngokuqonda konke kuyizimpawu ezingenzeka ezingezona ezezimoto zesifo sikaParkinson. I-Medicare ihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kanye nezinsizakalo zokwelulekwa ngempilo yengqondo.

Imishini yezokwelapha ehlala njalo (I-DME)

I-Medicare ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezithile ze-DME. Ezinye izibonelo zifaka:

• imibhede yasesibhedlela
• abahamba ngezinyawo
• izihlalo ezinamasondo
• izithuthuthu zikagesi
• izinduku
• ukuhamba ngezihlalo
• imishini yomoya-mpilo yasekhaya

Ithebula elilandelayo linikeza ukubheka kokubheka lokho okuhlanganiswe ngaphansi kwengxenye ngayinye ye-Medicare:

Yini engamboziwe?

Ngeshwa, i-Medicare ayihlanganisi konke ongacabanga ukuthi kuyadingeka kwezokwelapha. Lezi zinsizakalo zifaka ukunakekelwa okungagunyaziwe kokunakekelwa kwemisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke, njengokugqoka, ukugeza nokupheka. I-Medicare nayo ayihlanganisi ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside noma ukunakekelwa ubusuku nemini.

Amadivayisi angenza impilo ibe lula ekhaya awahlanganiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezifana nebhavu yokuhamba noma isiteji.

Yiziphi izindleko okufanele ngilindele ukuzikhokha?

I-Medicare ikhokha iningi lezindleko ezivunyelwe zezidakamizwa, ukwelashwa nezinsizakalo. Izindleko zakho eziphuma ephaketheni zingabandakanya ama-copay, i-coinsurance, ama-premium akhokhwa nyangazonke, kanye nezimali ezidonswayo. Ukuthola ukumbozwa okugcwele, ukunakekelwa kwakho kufanele kunikezwe ngumhlinzeki ovunyelwe yi-Medicare.

Okulandelayo, sizobuyekeza ukuthi yiziphi izindleko ongalindela ukuzikhokha ngengxenye ngayinye ye-Medicare.

Izindleko zengxenye A

I-Medicare Part A ayikhokhelwa ngabantu abaningi. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2020, ungalindela ukukhokha imali ekhishwayo engu- $ 1,408 esikhathini ngasinye senzuzo ngaphambi kokuthi izinsizakalo zakho zimbozwe.

Ungakhokhiswa futhi ngezindleko ezengeziwe zokukhokhelwa kwemali engu- $ 352 ngosuku uma uhlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-60. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-90, lezo zindleko zikhuphukela ku- $ 704 nsuku zonke osukwini ngalunye olugcinwayo lokuphila olusetshenzisiwe luze luphele. Ngemuva kwalokho, ubhekene nezindleko ezigcwele zokwelashwa esibhedlela.

Izindleko zengxenye B

Ngo-2020, i-premium ejwayelekile yanyanga zonke yeNxenye B ingu- $ 144.60. Kukhona ne-Medicare Part B edonswa minyaka yonke, eyi- $ 198 ngo-2020. Ngemuva kokuthi kudonswe imali yakho, uzoba nesibopho sokukhokha amaphesenti angama-20 ezinsizakalo ezihlanganisiwe ezinikezwe ngeNgxenye B.

Izindleko zengxenye C

Izindleko eziphuma ephaketheni zezinhlelo zeNgxenye C zingahluka. Abanye abanayo imali ekhokhwa njalo ngenyanga, kodwa abanye banayo. Imvamisa ungalindela ukukhokha ama-copay, i-coinsurance, kanye nemali edonswayo ngecebo lengxenye C.

Imali ekhishwa kakhulu kunazo zonke ngo-2020 yohlelo lweNgxenye C ingama- $ 6,700.

Ezinye izinhlelo ze-Part C zidinga ukuthi ukhokhe ukuqinisekiswa kwemali engamaphesenti angama-20 kuze kube yilapho ufinyelela inani eliphakeme elingaphandle ephaketheni, nalo elihluka ngohlelo ngalunye. Njalo hlola ukumbozwa kwakho okucacile ukuthola izindleko ezingaphandle kwephakethe ongazilindela.

Izindleko zengxenye D

Izinhlelo zeNgxenye D nazo ziyahlukahluka ngokwezindleko, kanye nefomula yokutholakala kwezidakamizwa. Ungaqhathanisa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ze-Part C ne-Part D lapha.

Izindleko zeMedigap

Izinhlelo zeMedigap ziyahlukahluka ezindlekweni nasekubikelweni futhi. Abanye banikela ngezinketho zokudonswa kwemali ephezulu. Ungaqhathanisa izinqubomgomo zeMedigap lapha.

Siyini isifo sikaParkinson?

Isifo sikaParkinson yisifo esiqhubekayo, se-neurodegenerative. Kuyisifo sesibili esivame kakhulu se-neurodegenerative ngemuva kwesifo se-Alzheimer's.

Isizathu seParkinson asiqondakali ngokuphelele. Njengamanje, alikho ikhambi. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaParkinson kusekelwe ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuphathwa.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sika-Parkinson, kanye nokuphazamiseka okufanayo kwemizwa okwaziwa ngokuthi "ama-parkinsonism." Lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene zifaka:

• i-parkinsonism eyinhloko
• i-parkinsonism yesibili (i-parkinsonism engajwayelekile)
• i-parkinsonism ebangelwa izidakamizwa
• i-vascular parkinsonism (isifo se-cerebrovascular)

Ukuthatha

Isifo sikaParkinson yisimo esiholela ekwehleni kokuqonda nokusebenza kwezimoto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-Medicare ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa nemithi engasetshenziswa ukulwa nezimpawu zalesi simo futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Imininingwane ekule webhusayithi ingakusiza ekwenzeni izinqumo eziphathelene nomshuwalense, kepha ayihloselwe ukunikeza iseluleko maqondana nokuthengwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwanoma imuphi umshwalense noma imikhiqizo yomshuwalense. I-Healthline Media ayisebenzisi ibhizinisi lomshwalense nganoma iyiphi indlela futhi ayinamalayisensi njengenkampani yomshuwalense noma umkhiqizi kunoma iyiphi indawo yase-U.S. I-Healthline Media ayincomi noma ivumele noma yiziphi izinkampani zangaphandle ezingase zenze ibhizinisi lomshwalense.