I-myocarditis: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ungayelapha kanjani i-myocarditis
• I-sequelae engenzeka

I-Myocarditis ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo engavela njengenkinga phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo emzimbeni, okudala izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okuncane noma isiyezi.

Ezimweni eziningi, i-myocarditis ivela ngesikhathi sokutheleleka ngegciwane, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane wenkukhu, kepha kungenzeka futhi uma kukhona ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma isikhunta, lapho kwenzeka khona ukuthi kudingekile ukuthi ukutheleleka kuthuthuke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-myocarditis ingabangelwa izifo ezizimele, njengeSystemic Lupus Erythematosus, ukusetshenziswa kweminye imishanguzo nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kweziphuzo ezidakayo, isibonelo.

I-Myocarditis iyelapheka futhi imane inyamalale lapho isifo selashwa, kepha-ke, lapho ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo kunzima kakhulu noma kungapheli, kungadingeka ukuhlala esibhedlela.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ezimweni ezinzima, njengesikhathi somkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, isibonelo, i-myocarditis ayibangeli zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, njengalezo zokutheleleka ngamagciwane, okulandelayo kungavela:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile;
• Ukuzwa ukuphefumula okuncane;
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze nezinyawo;
• Isiyezi.

Ezinganeni, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izimpawu zingavela, njengokukhuphuka komkhuhlane, ukuphefumula ngokushesha nokuquleka. Kulezi zimo, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wezingane ngokushesha ukuze uhlole inkinga bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele.

Njengoba i-myocarditis ivela ngesikhathi sokutheleleka, izimpawu zingaba nzima ukuzibona, ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuya esibhedlela lapho izimpawu zihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-3, ​​ngoba ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwesisipha senhliziyo, inhliziyo iqala ubunzima bokumpompa kahle igazi, okungadala i-arrhythmia nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Lapho kusolwa i-myocarditis, udokotela wenhliziyo anga-oda ezinye izivivinyo ezifana ne-X-ray yesifuba, i-electrocardiogram noma i-echocardiogram ukukhomba ushintsho ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo. Lezi zivivinyo zibaluleke kakhulu ngoba izimpawu zingamane zidalwe ukutheleleka emzimbeni, ngaphandle koshintsho enhliziyweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izivivinyo zaselabhorethri zivame ukucelwa ukuthi zihlole ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukutheleleka, okufana ne-VSH, isilinganiso se-PCR, i-leukogram kanye nokugxila kwezimpawu zenhliziyo, njenge-CK-MB neTroponin. Yazi izivivinyo ezihlola inhliziyo.

Ungayelapha kanjani i-myocarditis

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ekhaya ngokuphumula ukugwema ukusebenza ngokweqile ngenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, ngalesi sikhathi, ukutheleleka okubangele i-myocarditis kufanele futhi kuphathwe ngokwanele futhi, ngakho-ke, kungadingeka ukuthatha ama-antibiotics, ama-antifungal noma ama-antivirals, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izimpawu ze-myocarditis zivela noma uma ukuvuvukala kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, udokotela wenhliziyo angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwamanye amakhambi afana nalawa:

• Izixazululo Zokucindezela Kwegazi Eliphezulu, njenge-captopril, ramipril noma i-losartan: bayayekisa imithambo yegazi futhi benze lula ukujikeleza kwegazi, banciphise izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba nokuphefumula okuncane;
• Ama-beta blockers, njenge-metoprolol noma i-bisoprolol: kusiza ukuqinisa inhliziyo, ukulawula ukushaya okungajwayelekile;
• Izidakamizwa, njenge-furosemide: qeda uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni, unciphise ukuvuvukala emilenzeni futhi wenze ukuphefumula kube lula.

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho i-myocarditis idala izinguquko eziningi ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo, kungadingeka ukuhlala esibhedlela ukwenza imithi ngqo emthanjeni noma ukufaka izinto ezifana ne-pacemaker, ezisiza inhliziyo sebenza.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile kakhulu, lapho ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo kusongela khona impilo, kungadingeka ngisho nokufakelwa inhliziyo okuphuthumayo.

I-sequelae engenzeka

Ezimweni eziningi, i-myocarditis iyanyamalala ngaphandle kokushiya noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-sequelae, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi umuntu akazi nokuthi unale nkinga yenhliziyo.

Kodwa-ke, lapho ukuvuvukala enhliziyweni kukhulu kakhulu, kungashiya izilonda ezingapheli emisipheni yenhliziyo okuholela ekuqaleni kwezifo ezinjengokwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wenhliziyo uzoncoma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile okufanele isetshenziselwe izinyanga ezimbalwa noma impilo yonke, kuya ngobukhulu bayo.

Bheka amakhambi asetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu.