Kuyini i-mucormycosis, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izinhlobo ze-mucormycosis
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Mucormycosis

IMucormycosis, eyayaziwa nge-zygomycosis, igama elisetshenziselwa ukubhekisa eqenjini lezifo ezibangelwa isikhunta se-oda le-Mucorales, imvamisa yikhunta Rhizopus spp. Lezi zifo azidluliseli zisuka komunye umuntu ziye komunye futhi zivame kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba aphansi noma abanesifo sikashukela esingalawuleki.

Lesi sifo senzeka lapho isikhunta sidonsa umoya, siya ngqo emaphashini, noma lapho singena emzimbeni ngokusikeka esikhunjeni, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu ngokusho kwesitho ebesingenwe yilesi sifo, futhi kungahle kube nekhanda elibi kakhulu, umkhuhlane , ukuvuvukala, ubomvu ebusweni nokukhipha okukhulu emehlweni nasekhaleni. Lapho i-mucormycosis ifinyelela ebuchosheni, ukuqubuka, ukukhuluma kanzima kanye nokulahleka kokwazi kungenzeka.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-mucormycosis kwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma isifo esithathelwanayo ngokusebenzisa i-computed tomography kanye namasiko wefungal kanye nokwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokujova noma yomlomo yokulwa nokubola, njenge-Amphotericin B.

Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-mucormycosis zingahluka ngokuya ngezinga le-immunocompromise yomuntu nesitho esithintekile yifungus, futhi kungahle kube khona:

• Ikhala: singesinye sezitho ezithinteka kakhulu kulesi sifo futhi siholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu ezifana ne-sinusitis, njengekhala elixineneyo, ubuhlungu emathanjeni kanye noqhotho oluhlaza okotshani, kepha ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukuvuvukala ebusweni, ukulahleka kwezicubu kusuka ezulwini umlomo noma uqwanga lwekhala;
• Amehlo: ukubonakaliswa kwe-mucormycosis kungabonakala ngezinkinga embonweni njengobunzima bokubona, ukuqoqwa kokukhishwa okuphuzi nokuvuvukala eduze kwamehlo;
• Amaphaphu: lapho isikhunta sifinyelela kulesi sitho, kungenzeka ukukhwehlela ngenani elikhulu le-phlegm noma igazi, ubuhlungu besifuba nobunzima bokuphefumula;
• Ubuchopho: lesi sitho siyathinteka lapho i-mucormycosis isakazeka futhi ingadala izimpawu ezifana nokuquleka, ukukhuluma kanzima, izinguquko ezinzwa zobuso ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi;
• Isikhumba: Isikhunta seMucormycosis singatheleleka ezifundeni zesikhumba, futhi izilonda ezibomvu, eziqinile, ezivuvukele, ezibuhlungu zingavela futhi, kwezinye izimo, zingaba ngamabhaladi bese zakha izilonda ezibukeka zimnyama.

Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, umuntu one-mucormycosis angaba ne-tluish eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhunjeni neminwe nsomi futhi lokhu kungenxa yokushoda komoya-mpilo okubangelwa ukuqoqwa kwesikhunta emaphashini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kungatholakali ukwelashwa bese kwelashwa, isikhunta singasabalala ngokushesha kwezinye izitho zomzimba, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu enamasosha omzimba abuthaka kakhulu, afinyelela ezinso nasenhliziyweni futhi abeke impilo yomuntu engcupheni.

Izinhlobo ze-mucormycosis

I-Mucormycosis ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana ngokuya kwendawo yokutheleleka kwefungal, futhi kungaba:

• I-Rhinocerebral mucormycosis, okuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yalesi sifo, iningi lalezi zimo zenzeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela esibolile. Kulolu hlobo, isikhunta singena ekhaleni, esonweni, emehlweni nasemlonyeni;
• I-mucormycosis yamaphaphu, lapho isikhunta sifinyelela khona emaphashini, lokhu kungukubonakaliswa kwesibili okuvame kakhulu;
• I-mucormycosis enqamulelayo, okuqukethe ukusabalala kokutheleleka kwefungal ezingxenyeni zesikhumba, ezingafinyelela ngisho nasemisipheni;
• I-mucormycosis yamathumbu emathunjini, lapho isikhunta sifinyelela khona emathunjini, kube yinto engavamile kakhulu ukwenzeka.

Kukhona nohlobo lwe-mucormycosis, olubizwa ngokuthi ukusatshalaliswa, okungajwayelekile futhi olwenzeka lapho isikhunta sifudukela ezithweni ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni, njengenhliziyo, izinso nobuchopho.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

IMucormycosis yiqembu lezifo ezibangelwa isikhunta se-oda Mucorales, isidalwa esivame kakhulu Rhizopus spp., ezitholakala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene emvelweni, njengotshani, inhlabathi, izithelo nemikhiqizo ebolayo.

Ngokuvamile, lezi fungi azibangeli izinkinga zempilo, njengoba zingalwa namasosha omzimba. Ukuthuthuka kwezifo kwenzeka ikakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba angasebenzi kahle, okuvame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela esibolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanamasosha omzimba aphansi ngenxa yezifo ezinjenge-HIV, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuvikela ukuzivikela noma uhlobo oluthile lokufakelwa, olufana nomnkantsha wamathambo noma izitho, nabo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-mucormycosis.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-mucormycosis kwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma isifo esithathelwanayo ngokuhlola umlando wezempilo womuntu kanye ne-computed tomography, esebenza ukuqinisekisa indawo nobungako besifo. Isiko lesikhohlela nalo liyenziwa, elincike ekuhlaziyweni kwemfihlo yamaphaphu ukukhomba ukhunta oluhlobene nokutheleleka.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angahle futhi acele ukuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana, njenge-PCR, ukukhomba uhlobo lwefungus futhi, ngokuya ngenqubo esetshenzisiwe, inani elikhona emzimbeni, kanye nemifanekiso yamagnetic resonance yokuphenya ukuthi ngabe i-mucormycosis ifinyelele Ngokwesibonelo, izakhiwo zobuchopho. Lezi zivivinyo kufanele zenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokushesha, maningi amathuba okuba kuqedwe ukutheleleka.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Mucormycosis

Ukwelashwa kwe-mucormycosis kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha, lapho nje kutholakala lesi sifo, ukuze amathuba okwelashwa abe makhulu futhi kufanele enziwe ngokwesincomo sikadokotela, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-antifungal ngqo emthanjeni, njenge-Amphotericin, B, noma iPosaconazole, ngokwesibonelo. Kubalulekile ukuthi imithi isetshenziswe ngokwesincomo sezokwelapha nokuthi ukwelashwa kumiswe noma ngabe zingasekho izimpawu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ngobukhulu bokutheleleka, udokotela angancoma ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe izicubu ze-necrotic ezibangelwa yikhunta, elibizwa ngokuthi ukususwa. Ukwelashwa kwegumbi le-Hyperbaric nakho kunganconywa, kepha, azikabi khona izifundo ezanele ukufakazela ukusebenza kwazo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ikamelo le-hyperbaric lisebenza kanjani.