Yini i-nephritis nokuthi ungayibona kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ungayivimbela kanjani i-nephritis

I-Nephritis iqoqo lezifo ezidala ukuvuvukala kwe-renal glomeruli, okuyizakhiwo zezinso ezibhekele ukuqeda ubuthi nezinye izinto zomzimba, njengamanzi namaminerali. Kulezi zimo izinso zinamandla amancane okuhluza igazi.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-nephritis ezihlobene nengxenye yezinso ethintekile noma imbangela eyibangelayo, yilezi:

• I-Glomerulonephritis, lapho ukuvuvukala kuthinta kakhulu ingxenye yokuqala yezinsiza zokuhlunga, i-glomerulus, engaba bukhali noma ingalapheki;
• I-nephritis yangaphakathi noma i-tubulointerstitial nephritis, lapho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka kuma-tubules ezinso nasezikhaleni eziphakathi kwamathubu kanye ne-glomerulus;
• I-Lupus nephritis, lapho ingxenye ethintekile nayo iyi-glomerulus futhi ibangelwa yiSystemic Lupus Erythematosus, okuyisifo samasosha omzimba.

I-Nephritis ingaba buhlungu uma ivela ngokushesha ngenxa yokutheleleka okungathi sína, njengokutheleleka komphimbo kusuka I-Streptococcus, i-hepatitis noma i-HIV noma okungamahlalakhona uma ikhula kancane ngenxa yokulimala kanzima kwezinso.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-nephritis zingaba:

• Nciphisa inani lomchamo;
• Umchamo obomvu;
• Ukujuluka okweqile, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, ezandleni nasezinyaweni;
• Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo noma kwemilenze;
• Ukwanda komfutho wegazi;
• Ubukhona begazi emchameni.

Ngokuvela kwalezi zimpawu, kufanele ngokushesha uye kwi-nephrologist uyokwenza izivivinyo zokuxilonga njengokuhlolwa komchamo, i-ultrasound noma i-computed tomography ukuze ubone inkinga bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, ku-nephritis engapheli kungahle kube nokulahleka kwesifiso, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukukhathala, ukuqwasha, ukulunywa nokuqaqamba.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaholela ekubonakaleni kwe-nephritis, njenge:

• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithi njengamanye ama-analgesics, ama-antibiotics, izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala, i-diuretics, i-anticonvulsants, i-calcineurin inhibitors njenge-cyclosporine ne-tacrolimus;
• Izifo ngamagciwane, amagciwane nokunye;
• Izifookuzenzakalelayo, njenge-systemic lupus erythematosus, i-Sjogren's syndrome, isifo se-systemic esihlotshaniswa ne-IgG4;
• Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kubuthi njenge-lithium, lead, cadmium noma i-aristolochic acid;

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo zezinso, umdlavuza, isifo sikashukela, i-glomerulopathies, i-HIV, isifo se-sickle cell basengozini enkulu yokuhlushwa yi-nephritis.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-nephritis futhi, ngakho-ke, uma kuyi-nephritis ebukhali, ukwelashwa kungenziwa ngokuphumula okuphelele, ukulawula umfutho wegazi nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kasawoti. Uma i-nephritis ebukhali ibangelwe ukutheleleka, i-nephrologist ingahle ikunikeze isibulali-magciwane.

esimweni se-nephritis engapheli, ngaphezu kokulawulwa kwengcindezi yegazi, ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokunikezwa kwemithi elwa nokuvuvukala efana ne-cortisone, i-immunosuppressants kanye ne-diuretics kanye nokudla okunomkhawulo kasawoti, amaprotheni ne-potassium.

I-nephrologist kufanele kuboniswane nayo njalo ngoba i-nephritis engapheli ivame ukudala ukwehluleka okungapheli kwezinso. Bona ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezingakhombisa ukwehluleka kwezinso.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-nephritis

Ukugwema ukuqala kwe-nephritis, umuntu kufanele agweme ukubhema, anciphise ukucindezeleka futhi angathathi imishanguzo ngaphandle kwezeluleko zezokwelapha njengoba eziningi zazo zingadala ukulimala ezinso.

Abantu abanezifo, ikakhulukazi lezo zamasosha omzimba, kufanele bathole ukwelashwa okufanele futhi babonane nodokotela njalo, ukuze babheke umfutho wegazi, futhi bahlolwe izinso njalo. Udokotela futhi angancoma izinguquko ekudleni njengokudla amaprotheni amancane, usawoti kanye ne-potassium.