Isibindi nodule: ukuthi kungaba yini futhi kungakhombisa umdlavuza nini

-Delile

• Yini engaba yinhlama esibindini
• 1. Ama-cysts namathumba
• 2. I-Focal nodular hyperplasia
• 3. I-hepatic hemangioma
• 4. I-adenoma ye-hepatic
• Lapho isigaxa kungaba ngumdlavuza
• Kungaba nini i-hepatocellular carcinoma
• Ngabe i-metastasis
• Okufanele ukwenze uma usola umdlavuza

Ezimweni eziningi, isigaxa sesibindi sinobungozi ngakho-ke asiyona ingozi, ikakhulukazi uma sivela kubantu abangenaso isifo sesibindi esaziwayo, njenge-cirrhosis noma i-hepatitis, futhi sitholwa ngephutha ekuhlolweni okuvamile. Kulokhu, i-nodule ingaba yi-cyst nje, okuwuhlobo lwesikhwama esinokuqukethwe okungamanzi okungabangelwa ama-parasites, ithumba noma okubangelwe ngama-bacteria, isibonelo. Endabeni yama-cysts abangelwa izimuncagazi noma amathumba, imvamisa adinga ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ngokuvamile, amaqhuqhuva anobungozi awazibangeli izimpawu futhi, ngakho-ke, adinga ukuhlolwa kuphela njalo ngokuhlolwa okufana ne-tomography kanye ne-magnetic resonance imaging, ukukhomba ukuthi ayakhula ngosayizi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, nesigaxa sikhula ngosayizi, kungadala izimpawu ezinjengezinhlungu zesisu kanye nezinguquko kokugaya ukudla, lapho-ke kumele zisuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Lapho kusolwa i-nodule, kungadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe i-biopsy ukwenza ukuxilongwa okucacile.

Endabeni yesicubu esibulalayo, imvamisa kungaba yisifo sokuvuvukala kwemithambo futhi kwenzeka kubantu abanomdlavuza kwenye indawo, noma umdlavuza wesibindi uqobo, obizwa ngokuthi yi-hepatocellular carcinoma, ovame ukuvela kubantu abanesifo sesibindi. Ngalesi sizathu, ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kuvela i-nodule yesibindi kumuntu one-cirrhosis, maningi amathuba okuba ngumdlavuza ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele aye kudokotela we-hepatologist ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa bese eqala ukwelashwa. Funda kabanzi ngesimila sesibindi nokuthi usiphatha kanjani.

Yini engaba yinhlama esibindini

Ukuvela kwesigaxa esibindini kungaba nezimbangela eziningana. Okuvame kakhulu kufaka:

1. Ama-cysts namathumba

Izimo eziningi zesigaxa esibindini zimane nje ziyi-cyst. Ama-cysts ngokuvamile alula, anobungozi futhi awabangeli zimpawu ngakho-ke awadingi ukwelashwa. Uma kubangelwa ama-parasites, angadala izimpawu futhi adinge ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngokudonswa kokuqukethwe kwawo. Ngokuvamile, kukhona ama-cysts ahlobene nezifo zofuzo, okungukuthi, ezizalwa nomuntu, futhi ngokuvamile eziba ngamanani amakhulu. Kulokhu, ukufakelwa kabusha kuyindlela yokwelashwa ekhonjiswe kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi, kunama-cysts asolwayo okulimazeka, okumele alashwe ngokushesha okukhulu.

I-nodule nayo ingaba ithumba, elidinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic noma ekugcineni likhishwe noma lifakwe ngenaliti.

Endabeni yama-cysts kanye namathumba, i-tomography, imaging resonance imaging kanye ne-ultrasound kuvame ukwanela ukwenza ukuxilongwa futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuvumele i-hepatologist ukuthi ikhethe ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-cyst yesibindi nethumba lesibindi.

2. I-Focal nodular hyperplasia

Lesi yisigaxa sesibili esivame kakhulu sesibindi, esivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-50 ubudala. Isikhathi esiningi ayizibangeli izimpawu, ukutholakala ezivivinyweni ezijwayelekile. Le hyperplasia inamathuba amancane okuba kubi, ngakho-ke idinga kuphela ukulandelwa ngezivivinyo ezinjenge-ultrasound, tomography noma i-resonance kazibuthe. Ukusetshenziswa kwephilisi kungakhuthaza ukukhula kwalo, yize kungeyona imbangela yesigaxa, ngakho-ke abesifazane abaphuza iphilisi bavamise ukulandelela njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma ezi-12.

Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kuyanconywa lapho kunezimpawu, ukungabaza ekuxilongweni naphezu kwezivivinyo, noma lapho kukhona ukusola ukuthi yi-adenoma, enengozi enkulu yokulimala noma yezinkinga. Qonda kangcono ukuthi yini i-focal nodular hyperplasia.

3. I-hepatic hemangioma

IHemangioma yisifo sokuzalwa semithambo yegazi esibelethwe, okungukuthi, izalwa nomuntu futhi iyisidumbu sesibindi esivame kakhulu esibi. Imvamisa kutholakala ngephutha ezivivinyweni ezijwayelekile, ngoba iningi alizinikezi izimpawu.

Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukwenziwa nge-ultrasound, tomography noma nge-MRI, futhi uma kufika ku-5 cm, akukho ukwelashwa noma ukulandelwa okudingekayo. Kodwa-ke, uma igcina ikhula ngaphezu kwama-5 cm, ukulandelwa kufanele kwenziwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni owodwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ingakhula ngokushesha futhi icindezele i-capsule yesibindi noma ezinye izakhiwo, ibangele izinhlungu nezinye izimpawu, noma ingakhombisa izimpawu zokubi, futhi kufanele isuswe ngokuhlinzwa.

Abashayi besibhakela, abadlali bebhola nabesifazane abahlose ukukhulelwa, futhi abane-hemangiomas enkulu, yize bengenazo izimpawu, basengozini yokopha noma ukuqhekeka kwe-hemangioma, okuyizimo ezibucayi kakhulu, ngakho-ke, kufanele bahlinzwe ukuze basuswe. Lapho umuntu ene-hemangioma enkulu futhi ezwa ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungazelelwe kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi yegazi, kufanele afune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze ahlolwe, ngoba lokhu kungaba elinye lalawa macala.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini i-hemangioma, ukuthi ungayiqinisekisa kanjani nezindlela zokwelashwa.

4. I-adenoma ye-hepatic

I-Adenoma iyisimila esibi sesibindi, esingajwayelekile, kodwa esivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-40, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwepilisi kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nalo. Ngaphezu kwepilisi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-anabolic steroids kanye nezinye izifo zofuzo zokuqongelelwa kwe-glycogen nakho kungakhulisa amathuba okuba nayo.

I-adenoma ivame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngenxa yezikhalazo zobuhlungu besisu noma, njengokutholwa ngengozi ekuhlolweni okujwayelekile. Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa nge-ultrasound, tomography noma i-resonance, evumela ukuhlukanisa i-adenoma kusuka ku-focal nodular hyperplasia kusuka kumdlavuza wesibindi, ngokwesibonelo.

Njengoba ezimweni eziningi i-adenoma ingaphansi kuka-5 cm ngakho-ke inengozi encane yomdlavuza kanye nezinkinga ezifana nokuphuma kwegazi noma ukuqhuma, ayidingi ukwelashwa futhi ingahle ilandelwe ngokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, okuthi uma kwenzeka unqamuka esikhathini kwenziwa minyaka yonke. I-Adenomas engaphezulu kuka-5 cm, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inengozi enkulu yokuba nezinkinga noma yokuba nomdlavuza, futhi kungadingeka isuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Qonda kangcono nge-adenoma yesibindi kanye nezinkinga zayo.

Lapho isigaxa kungaba ngumdlavuza

Lapho umuntu engenawo umlando wesifo sesibindi, i-nodule ivame ukuba yingozi futhi ayimeleli umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, lapho kunesifo sesibindi, njenge-cirrhosis noma i-hepatitis, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi i-nodule ingaba umdlavuza, obizwa nge-hepatocellular carcinoma.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nodule nayo ingavela ngenxa yokuba khona komdlavuza kwenye indawo, emele kuleli cala i-metastasis yalowo omunye umdlavuza.

Kungaba nini i-hepatocellular carcinoma

I-cirrhosis yotshwala kanye ne-hepatitis yizifo eziyinhloko zesibindi eziholela ekubonakaleni kwe-hepatocellular carcinoma. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kulandelwe kahle i-hepatologist, lapho kunengozi yokuthola lezi zifo, ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza.

Ngakho-ke, uma umuntu ene:

• Umlando wokumpontshelwa igazi;
• Ama-tattoo;
• Ukujova ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa;
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala;
• Umlando womndeni wezifo ezingapheli zesibindi ezifana ne-cirrhosis.

Ungaba sengozini yokuhlaselwa yisifo sesibindi kanye / noma umdlavuza, futhi kunconywa ukuthi ubone udokotela wezifo zesibindi ukuhlola amathuba okuba nesifo sesibindi bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele, uma kunesidingo.

Ngabe i-metastasis

Isibindi yindawo ejwayelekile lapho kuvela khona imastastase, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, njengesisu, amanyikwe kanye nekholoni, kepha nomdlavuza webele noma wamaphaphu.

Imvamisa umuntu kungenzeka angabi nazimpawu uma ethola ukuthi umdlavuza usuvele ususile, ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu ezingezona ezinjengobuhlungu besisu, ukugula, ubuthakathaka nokuncipha kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu kungaba yisona kuphela isibonakaliso somdlavuza.

Bona ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezingadala imastastases yesibindi.

Okufanele ukwenze uma usola umdlavuza

Lapho umuntu enezimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwesisu, ukopha emathunjini, ushintsho esimweni sengqondo, amehlo aphuzi nesikhumba noma ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu, kungenzeka ukuthi kunesifo esithile sesibindi noma umdlavuza wesibindi. Kwesinye isikhathi izimpawu azicaci kangako, njengobuthakathaka nokuncipha kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu, kepha kungaba uphawu kuphela lomdlavuza.

Ngakho-ke, lapho umuntu enalezi zinhlobo zezikhalazo, kufanele aye kudokotela wesibindi noma udokotela ojwayelekile, ozokwenza ukuhlolwa okufanele, ngokuhlolwa okuthile ukuzama ukuqonda umsuka womdlavuza futhi, lapho, akhombise ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu .

Ukwelashwa kuzoya ngokuthi umdlavuza uqhamuka esibindini noma ngabe ungokwemvelo. Uma kuyi-metastasis, kuzoba ngohlobo lomdlavuza owawuqala. Endabeni yomdlavuza wesibindi, ukwelashwa kungelapheka, uma kuncane futhi kungasuswa, noma uma ungenza ukufakelwa isibindi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lapho umdlavuza usuthuthuke kakhulu futhi ukwelashwa kungenzeki, ukwelashwa kwehlisa ukukhula komdlavuza kuphela futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwandise impilo yomuntu lowo isikhathi eside.