Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Bariatric: kuyini, ngubani ongakwenza nezinhlobo eziyinhloko

-Delile

• Ubani ongenza ukuhlinzwa
• Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
• Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa nge-bariatric
• 1. Ibhendi yesisu
• 2. Dlula esiswini
• 3. I-gastrectomy eqondile
• 4. I-Biliopancreatic shunt
• Izingozi ezingenzeka zokuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa nge-Bariatric luhlobo lokuhlinzwa lapho kuguqulwa khona uhlelo lokugaya ukudla ukuze kuncishiswe inani lokudla okubekezelelwa yisisu noma ukuguqula inqubo yokugaya ukudla yemvelo, ukuze kwehliswe kakhulu inani lamakhalori amuncwa, okwenza kube lula ukulahleka kwesisindo .

Ngoba luhlobo lokuhlinzwa, ezimweni eziningi, olungenangqondo kakhulu, ukuhlinzekwa nge-bariatric kuvame ukukhonjiswa kuphela njengendlela yokwelashwa lapho umuntu esezame ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa kepha ngaphandle kwemiphumela elindelekile, noma lapho ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kufaka impilo ingozi.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwalolu hlobo, wonke umuntu kufanele ahlolwe kanzima ngethimba elenza imikhakha ehlukahlukene elenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo, isazi sokudla, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, udokotela wenhliziyo nezinye amakhono ezokwelapha.

Ubani ongenza ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Bariatric kuvame ukukhonjiswa kubantu abanesisindo esingaphezu kwebanga lesibili abangakhombisanga imiphumela ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokwelashwa ngokudla okwanele nokuvivinya umzimba njalo.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukukhonjiswa kuphela kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-16 nengama-65, futhi kukhonjiswa kuphela nguMnyango Wezempilo waseBrazil ezimeni lapho:

• I-BMI ilingana noma ngaphezulu kuka-50 kg / m²;
• I-BMI ilingana noma ingaphezulu kuka-40 kg / m², ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isisindo noma ngabe kuqashelwe ezempilo nokuqapha okunempilo okungenani iminyaka emibili;
• I-BMI ilingana noma ingaphezu kuka-35 kg / m² nokuba khona kwezinye izifo ezinobungozi obukhulu benhliziyo, njenge-high blood pressure, isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.

Ngasikhathi sinye, uMnyango Wezempilo ubuye ukhombise ezinye izimo lapho kuhlinzwa khona ukuhlinzekwa nge-bariatric futhi okubandakanya: ukuba nesifo sengqondo esingalawulwa, kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa neziphuzo ezidakayo; ukuba nesifo esibi nesinciphile senhliziyo noma samaphaphu; ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu wengosi onama-varices esophageal; enezifo ezivuthayo zomgudu wokugaya ongaphezulu noma ophethwe yi Ukushaya ngomdlavuza.

Buka le vidiyo elandelayo bese ubheka izimo lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngaphansi kwazo:

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko

Ngaphezu kokwehla kwesisindo okukhulu, ukuhlinzekwa nge-bariatric nakho kuletha izinzuzo ezihlobene nezifo ezihambisana nokukhuluphala, ngokuthuthuka nokwelashwa kwezifo ezinjenge:

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo;
• Ukwehluleka ukuphefumula;
• Isifuba Somoya;
• Isifo sikashukela;
• I-cholesterol ephezulu.

Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa luvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinye izinzuzo zenhlalo nezengqondo, njengokuncipha kwengozi yokudangala nokwanda kokuzethemba, ukuxhumana nabantu kanye nokuhamba komzimba.

Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa nge-bariatric

Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa kufanele lukhethwe kanye nodokotela, ngokuya ngezimo zomtholampilo nezintandokazi zakhe. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngokusikwa okujwayelekile esiswini noma nge-videolaparoscopy, lapho kusikwa khona okuncane kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa:

1. Ibhendi yesisu

Lolu uhlobo oluncane kakhulu lokuhlinza nge-bariatric futhi luqukethe ukubeka ibhande, elime njengendandatho, elizungeze isisu, ukuze lehle ngosayizi, kube nomthelela ekudleni okuphansi kokudla namakhalori.

Imvamisa, lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa luveza izingozi ezingaphansi kwezempilo futhi lube nesikhathi sokululama ngokushesha, kepha imiphumela yalo ingahle ingagculisi kunezinye izindlela. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokubekwa kwe-gastric band.

2. Dlula esiswini

I-Bypass wukuhlinzwa okuhlasela lapho udokotela esusa ingxenye enkulu yesisu bese exhuma ukuqala kwamathumbu engxenyeni esele yesisu, anciphise isikhala sokudla futhi anciphise inani lamakhalori amuncu.

Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa lunemiphumela emihle kakhulu, ekuvumela ukuthi ulahlekelwe yisisindo sokuqala esifika ku-70%, kepha futhi sinezingozi eziningi nokululama okuhamba kancane. Qonda kangcono ukuthi ukwedlula esiswini kwenziwa kanjani.

3. I-gastrectomy eqondile

Ngokungafani ne- ukudlula isisu, kulolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa, olungaziwa nangokuthi "ukuhlinzwa kwe umkhono", udokotela ohlinzayo ugcina ukuxhumana kwesisu emathunjini, asuse kuphela ingxenye yesisu ukusenza sibe sincane kunokujwayelekile, kunciphise inani lamakhalori afakiwe.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kunezingozi ezimbalwa kune ukudlula, kodwa futhi inemiphumela engagculisi kangako, evumela ukwehla cishe ngama-40% wesisindo sokuqala, ngokufana nebhande lesisu. Bona ukuthi lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa lwenziwa kanjani.

4. I-Biliopancreatic shunt

Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, kukhishwa ingxenye yesisu kanye namathumbu amaningi amancane, okuyisifunda esiyinhloko lapho ukumuncwa kwezakhi kwenzeka khona. Ngale ndlela, ingxenye enkulu yokudla ayigayeki noma ayiminyiwe, kunciphisa inani lama-calories ekudleni.

Kodwa-ke, futhi yize ingxenye enkulu yamathumbu amancane isusiwe, i-bile iyaqhubeka ukukhishwa engxenyeni yokuqala yamathumbu amancane axhumeke engxenyeni yokugcina yamathumbu amancane, ukuze kungabikho ukuphazamiseka ekugelezeni ye-bile, nokuthi ukudla akusadluli kuleyo ngxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane.

Izingozi ezingenzeka zokuhlinzwa

Izingozi zokuhlinzwa nge-bariatric zixhunyaniswe ikakhulukazi nenani nobukhulu bezifo ezihambisana nokukhuluphala, okuyizinkinga eziyinhloko:

• I-pulmonary embolism, okuvaleka kwesitsha segazi emaphashini, kubangele ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuphefumula kanzima;
• Ukopha ngaphakathi endaweni okuhlinzwa kuyo;
• AmaFistula, angamaphakethe amancane akha ezindaweni zangaphakathi zesifunda esiqhutshwa;
• Ukuhlanza, uhudo kanye nezihlalo ezinegazi.

Lezi zinkinga zivame ukuvela ngesikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela, futhi zixazululwa ngokushesha yithimba lezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ngokuya ngobukhulu bezimpawu, kungadingeka ukwenza umsebenzi omusha ukulungisa inkinga.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kujwayelekile ukuthi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa nge-bariatric, iziguli zinezinkinga zokudla okunempilo ezifana ne-anemia, i-folic acid, i-calcium ne-vitamin B12, kanye nokungondleki nakho kungavela ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.

Ukuze uthole ukululama okusheshayo nezinkinga ezimbalwa, bona ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okufanele kube ngemuva kokuhlinzwa nge-bariatric.