I-Organic Brain Syndrome

-Delile

• Ziyini Izimpawu Zokuphazamiseka Kwemizwa?
• Yini Ebangela Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Neurocognitive?
• Yiziphi Izici Zobungozi Zokuphazamiseka Kwe-Neurocognitive?
• Kutholakala Kanjani Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Neurocognitive?
• Kuphathwa Kanjani Ukuphazamiseka Kwengqondo?
• Uyini Umbono Wesikhathi Eside Wabantu Abanezinkinga Ze-Neurocognitive?

Kuyini Ukuphazamiseka Kwengqondo?

Izinkinga ze-neurocognitive ziyiqembu lezimo eziholela njalo ekusebenzeni kwengqondo okungasebenzi kahle. I-Organic brain syndrome kwakujwayele ukuba yigama lokuchaza lezi zimo, kepha ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa manje igama elisetshenziswa kakhulu.

Izinkinga ze-neurocognitive zivame ukwenzeka kubantu abadala, kepha zingathinta nabantu abasha. Ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwengqondo kungafaka:

• izinkinga ngememori
• izinguquko ekuziphatheni
• kunzima ukuqonda ulimi
• unenkinga yokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke

Lezi zimpawu zingadalwa yisimo se-neurodegenerative, esifana nesifo i-Alzheimer's noma ukuwohloka komqondo. Izifo ze-Neurodegenerative zibangela ukuthi ubuchopho nezinzwa ziwohloke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kancane kokusebenza kwemizwa. Izinkinga ze-neurocognitive nazo zingakhula njengomphumela wokuhlukumezeka kobuchopho noma ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa. Abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bavame ukunquma imbangela eyisisekelo sokuphazamiseka kwemizwa ngokuya ngezimpawu ezibikiwe kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuxilongwa. Isizathu nobukhulu bezinkinga ze-neurocognitive kungasiza abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi banqume indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa.

Umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abanezinkinga ze-neurocognitive kuya ngesizathu. Lapho isifo se-neurodegenerative sibangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, lesi simo siba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwezinye izimo, ukwehla kokusebenza kwengqondo kungahle kube okwesikhashana, ngakho abantu bangalindela ukululama ngokugcwele.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zokuphazamiseka Kwemizwa?

Izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo zingashintsha kuye ngesizathu. Lapho isimo senzeka ngenxa yesifo se-neurodegenerative, abantu bangathola:

• ukulahleka kwememori
• ukudideka
• ukukhathazeka

Ezinye izimpawu ezingenzeka kubantu abanezinkinga ze-neurocognitive zifaka:

• ikhanda, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanenkinga yokulimala noma ukulimala kwengqondo okulimazayo
• ukungakwazi ukugxila noma ukugxila
• ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo yesikhashana
• unenkinga yokwenza imisebenzi ejwayelekile, njengokushayela
• ukuhamba kanzima nokulinganisa
• izinguquko embonweni

Yini Ebangela Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Neurocognitive?

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuphazamiseka kwemizwa yisifo se-neurodegenerative. Izifo ze-Neurodegenerative ezingaholela ekwandeni kokuphazamiseka kwemizwa kuhlanganisa:

• Isifo i-Alzheimer's
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Isifo sikaHuntington
• ukuwohloka komqondo
• isifo se-prion
• i-multiple sclerosis

Kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala engama-60, noma kunjalo, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa kungahle kwenzeke ngemuva kokulimala noma ukutheleleka. Izimo ze-Nondegenerative ezingadala ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa kuhlanganisa:

• ukushayisana
• ukulimala ebuchosheni okudala ukopha ebuchosheni noma esikhaleni esizungeze ubuchopho
• amahlule egazi
• meningitis
• i-encephalitis
• septicemia
• ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa notshwala
• ukuntuleka kwamavithamini

Yiziphi Izici Zobungozi Zokuphazamiseka Kwe-Neurocognitive?

Ingozi yakho yokuthola ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa ngokuya ngempilo yakho nemikhuba yakho yansuku zonke. Ukusebenza endaweni enokuchayeka kuzinsimbi ezisindayo kungakhuphula kakhulu ubungozi bokuphazamiseka kwemizwa. Izinsimbi ezisindayo, njenge-lead ne-mercury, zingalimaza uhlelo lwezinzwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuvezwa njalo kulezi zinsimbi kukubeka engcupheni eyengeziwe yokwehla kokusebenza kwengqondo.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ube nezinkinga ze-neurocognitive uma:

• bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60
• unenkinga yenhliziyo
• unesifo sikashukela
• ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala noma izidakamizwa
• bamba iqhaza emidlalweni enobungozi obukhulu bokuhlukumezeka ekhanda, njengebhola kanye nebhola lombhoxo

Kutholakala Kanjani Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Neurocognitive?

Izinkinga ze-neurocognitive azibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kodwa-ke, eziningi zezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwemizwa zifana nalezo zezifo ezithile zengqondo, kufaka phakathi i-schizophrenia, ukudangala, ne-psychosis. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okunembile, abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bazokwenza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene zokuxilonga ezingahlukanisa izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwemizwa kulabo abanesifo sengqondo. Lezi zivivinyo zivame ukufaka:

• i-cranial CT scan: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezithombe ze-X-ray ukudala izithombe zogebhezi, ubuchopho, amasinusi namasokhethi wamehlo. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola izicubu ezithambile ebuchosheni.
• ikhanda le-MRI scan: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-imaging kusebenzisa ozibuthe abanamandla namagagasi omsakazo ukukhiqiza izithombe eziningiliziwe zobuchopho. Lezi zithombe zingabonisa izimpawu zokulimala kobuchopho.
• Iskena se-positron emission tomography (PET): Iskena se-PET sisebenzisa idayi ekhethekile equkethe ama-tracers e-radioactive. Lezi tracers zifakwa emthanjeni bese zisakazeka emzimbeni wonke, zigqamisa noma yiziphi izindawo ezilimele.
• i-electroencephalogram (i-EEG): I-EEG ilinganisa umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ukuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene nalo msebenzi.

Kuphathwa Kanjani Ukuphazamiseka Kwengqondo?

Ukwelashwa kokuphazamiseka kwemizwa kuhluka ngokuya ngesizathu esiyimbangela. Izimo ezithile zingadinga ukuphumula nemithi kuphela. Izifo ze-Neurodegenerative zingadinga izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kokuphazamiseka kwemizwa kungabandakanya:

• ukuphumula kombhede ukunikeza abalimele isikhathi sokuphulukiswa
• imithi yezinhlungu, njenge-indomethacin, ukudambisa ikhanda
• ama-antibiotic ukusula izifo ezisele ezithinta ubuchopho, njenge-meningitis
• ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe noma yimuphi umonakalo omkhulu wobuchopho
• ukwelashwa emsebenzini ukusiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono wansuku zonke
• ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuthuthukisa amandla, ukuxhumana, ukulinganisela, nokuguquguquka

Uyini Umbono Wesikhathi Eside Wabantu Abanezinkinga Ze-Neurocognitive?

Umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abanezinkinga ze-neurocognitive kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-neurocognitive disorder. Izinkinga ze-neurocognitive ezifana ne-dementia noma i-Alzheimer okwamanje kuyinselele yokubuka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi alikho ikhambi lalezo zimo nokusebenza kwengqondo kuya ngokuya kuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kodwa-ke, umbono wabantu abanezinkinga ze-neurocognitive, njenge-concussion noma ukutheleleka, ngokuvamile muhle ngoba lezi yizimo zesikhashana nezelaphekayo. Kulezi zimo, abantu ngokuvamile bangalindela ukuthola ukululama okugcwele.