Kuyini iPancytopenia?

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-pancytopenia
• Izimbangela zePancytopenia nezici zobungozi
• Izinkinga ezibangelwa i-pancytopenia
• I-pancytopenia itholakala kanjani
• Izinketho zokwelashwa
• Umbono
• Ukuvimbela i-pancytopenia

Ukubuka konke

I-Pancytopenia yisimo lapho umzimba womuntu unamaseli abomvu ambalwa kakhulu, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelets. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo zamaseli egazi inomsebenzi ohlukile emzimbeni:

• Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke.
• Amaseli egazi amhlophe ayingxenye yamasosha akho omzimba futhi asiza ukulwa nezifo.
• Ama-platelets avumela igazi lakho ukuba lakhe amahlule.

Uma une-pancytopenia, unenhlanganisela yezifo ezintathu ezahlukahlukene zegazi:

• i-anemia, noma izinga eliphansi lamaseli abomvu egazi
• i-leukopenia, noma ileveli ephansi yamaseli amhlophe egazi
• i-thrombocytopenia, noma amazinga aphansi weplatelet

Ngoba umzimba wakho uwadinga wonke la maseli egazi, i-pancytopenia ingaba sibi kakhulu. Kungasongela ngisho nokuphila uma ungayiphathi.

Izimpawu ze-pancytopenia

I-pancytopenia emnene ngokuvamile ayibangeli zimpawu. Udokotela wakho angakuthola ngenkathi ehlola igazi ngesinye isizathu.

I-pancytopenia enzima kakhulu ingadala izimpawu kufaka phakathi:

• ukuphelelwa umoya
• isikhumba esiphaphathekile
• ukukhathala
• ubuthakathaka
• imfiva
• isiyezi
• ukulinyazwa okulula
• ukopha
• amabala amancane ansomi esikhunjeni sakho, okuthiwa i-petechiae
• amabala amakhulu ansomi esikhunjeni sakho, okuthiwa i-purpura
• izinsini nokopha ngamakhala
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo

Uma wena noma umuntu osondelene nawe unalezi zimpawu ezinzima kanye ne-pancytopenia, thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101˚F (38.3˚C)
• isithuthwane
• ukopha kakhulu
• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ukudideka
• ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Izimbangela zePancytopenia nezici zobungozi

I-Pancytopenia iqala ngenxa yenkinga ngomnkantsha wakho wethambo. Lesi sicubu esinesiponji ngaphakathi kwamathambo kulapho kukhiqizwa khona amaseli egazi. Izifo nokuvezwa yimithi ethile namakhemikhali kungaholela kulo monakalo womnkantsha.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise i-pancytopenia uma unalezi zimo:

• umdlavuza othinta umnkantsha, njenge:
  • i-leukemia
  • i-myeloma eminingi
  • I-Hodgkin's noma i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
  • ama-syndromes we-myelodysplastic
  • i-megaloblastic anemia, isimo lapho umzimba wakho ukhiqiza khona amangqamuzana abomvu egazi amakhulu kunokujwayelekile, futhi unesibalo esiphansi segazi elibomvu
• i-aplastic anemia, isimo lapho umzimba wakho uyeka ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi amasha ngokwanele
• i-paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, isifo segazi esingajwayelekile esenza ukuthi amaseli abomvu abhujiswe
• ukutheleleka ngegciwane, njenge:
  • Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr, elibanga i-mononucleosis
  • cytomegalovirus
  • I-HIV
  • i-hepatitis
  • umalaleveva
  • sepsis (ukutheleleka kwegazi)
• izifo ezilimaza umnkantsha, njengesifo seGaucher
• ukulimala okuvela ekhemotherapy noma ekwelashweni ngemisebe yomdlavuza
• ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali asemvelweni, njengemisebe, i-arsenic, noma i-benzene
• ukuphazamiseka komnkantsha okusebenza emindenini
• ukushoda kwamavithamini, njengokuntuleka kukavithamini B-12 noma i-folate
• ukukhulisa ubende lwakho, okwaziwa nge-splenomegaly
• isifo sesibindi
• ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala okulimaza isibindi sakho
• izifo ezizimele, njenge-systemic lupus erythematosus

Cishe uhhafu wawo wonke amacala, odokotela abakwazi ukuthola imbangela ye-pancytopenia. Lokhu kubizwa nge-idiopathic pancytopenia.

Izinkinga ezibangelwa i-pancytopenia

Izinkinga ezivela ku-pancytopenia zibangelwa ukungabikho kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi nama-platelets. Lezi zinkinga zingafaka:

• ukopha ngokweqile uma kutholakala amaplatelet
• ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka uma amaseli amhlophe egazi ethintekile

I-pancytopenia enamandla ingasongela impilo.

I-pancytopenia itholakala kanjani

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-pancytopenia, kungenzeka batuse ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wezifo zegazi - uchwepheshe owelapha izifo zegazi. Lochwepheshe uzofuna ukufunda umlando wakho womndeni nomlando wezokwelapha. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ebheka izindlebe zakho, impumulo, umphimbo, umlomo nesikhumba.

Udokotela uzophinde enze inani eliphelele legazi (CBC). Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala inani lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelets egazini lakho. Uma i-CBC ingavamile, ungadinga i-peripheral blood smear. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubeka iconsi legazi lakho kwisilayidi ukubheka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaseli egazi eliqukethe.

Ukuze ubheke inkinga ngomnkantsha wakho wethambo, udokotela wakho kungenzeka enze isifiso somnkantsha kanye ne-biopsy. Kulesi sivivinyo, udokotela wakho usebenzisa inaliti ukususa inani elincane loketshezi nezicubu ngaphakathi kwethambo lakho elingavivinywa futhi lihlolwe elebhu.

Udokotela wakho futhi angenza izivivinyo ezihlukile ukubheka imbangela ye-pancytopenia. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izifo noma i-leukemia. Ungadinga futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-CT noma okunye ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukubheka umdlavuza noma ezinye izinkinga ngezitho zakho.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Udokotela wakho uzokwelapha inkinga ebangele i-pancytopenia. Lokhu kungafaka ukukhipha umuthi noma ukumisa ukuvezwa kwakho kumakhemikhali athile. Uma amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela umnkantsha wakho, uzothola umuthi wokunciphisa ukuphendula komzimba wakho.

Ukwelashwa kwe-pancytopenia kufaka:

• izidakamizwa zokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi emnkantsheni wakho wethambo
• ukumpontshelwa igazi esikhundleni samangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelets
• ama-antibiotic ukwelapha ukutheleleka
• ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo, owaziwa nangokuthi yi-stem cell transplant, ethatha indawo yomnkantsha owonakele ngamaseli ama-stem anempilo akha kabusha umnkantsha

Umbono

Umbono we-pancytopenia uncike ekutheni yisiphi isifo esidale lesi simo nokuthi udokotela wakho usiphatha kanjani. Uma umuthi noma ikhemikhali kubangele i-pancytopenia, kufanele ibe ngcono kungakapheli isonto ngemuva kokuyeka ukuvezwa. Ezinye izimo, njengomdlavuza, zizothatha isikhathi eside ukwelashwa.

Ukuvimbela i-pancytopenia

Ezinye izimbangela ze-pancytopenia, njengomdlavuza noma izifo zomnkantsha ezuzwe ngefa, azivinjelwe. Ungakwazi ukuvimbela izinhlobo ezithile zokutheleleka ngemikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko nangokugwema ukuxhumana nanoma ngubani ogulayo. Ungagwema namakhemikhali aziwa ukuthi adala lesi simo.