I-Panhipopituitarismo: kuyini, izimpawu nokuthi ukwelashwa kwenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona

I-Panhypopituitarism yisifo esingajwayelekile esifana nokwehla noma ukuntuleka kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni amaningana ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwendlala yesikhumba, okuyindlala etholakala ebuchosheni obhekene nokulawula ezinye izindlala emzimbeni futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, iholele ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni abalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba.

Ukushoda kwamahomoni kungaholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu eziningana, njengokuncipha, ukushintsha komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ukuphakama okuncishisiwe, ukukhathala ngokweqile nezinkinga zokuzala, ngokwesibonelo. Ngakho-ke, indlela eyinhloko yokwehlisa izimpawu ze-panhypopituitarism kungukushintshwa kwe-hormone, okufanele kwenziwe ngokuya ngokuqondiswa yi-endocrinologist.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-panhipopituitarismo zincike ekutheni imaphi ama-hormone angakhiqizwa noma akhiqizwa ngokuhlushwa okuncane, ngokwesibonelo:

• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngenxa yokwehla kwamahomoni e-thyroid;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
• Ukushintsha kwemizwelo;
• Kunzima ukukhulelwa kanye nokukhubazeka komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ngenxa yokwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ocansi abesifazane;
• Ukwehla kwamandla okukhiqiza ubisi kwabesifazane;
• Ukwehla kwesimo nokubambezeleka kokuthomba ezinganeni, njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwehormone yokukhula (GH) kunciphiswa;
• Ukulahleka kwezintshevu nezinkinga ezihlobene nokuzala emadodeni, ngenxa yokwehla kokukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuvuthwa kwesidoda.

Kusuka kwizimpawu ezichazwe ngumuntu kanye nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri okuhlose ukukala ama-hormone esegazini, i-endocrinologist iyakwazi ukuqedela ukuxilongwa futhi ikhombise ukuthi imiphi imithi umuntu okufanele ayithathe.

Abantu abane-panhypopituitarism maningi amathuba okuthi bahlakulele isifo sikashukela i-insipidus, esenzeka ngenxa yokwehla kokukhiqizwa kwe-hormone elwa namagciwane (ADH), okuholela ekwandeni kokuhlushwa kweglucose yegazi ngenxa yokwehla kokuhlungwa kwamanzi, ngaphezu kokuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni kanye nokoma kakhulu. Funda kabanzi ngesifo sikashukela insipidus.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokuyalelwa yi-endocrinologist futhi kwenziwa ngokushintshwa kwehomoni ngokusebenzisa imishanguzo. Njengoba indlala yamapayipi ilawula ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni amaningi, kungahle kudingeke ukuthi lowo muntu angene esikhundleni:

• ACTH, ebizwa nangokuthi i-adrenocorticotrophic hormone noma i-corticotrophin, ekhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland futhi ivuselele ukukhiqizwa kwe-cortisol, eyi-hormone ebhekele ukulawula ukuphendula kwengcindezi kanye nokuvumela ukuzijwayeza komzimba ukuvumelana nezimo ezintsha. Qonda ukuthi i-cortisol yenzelwe ini;
• I-TSH, ebizwa nangokuthi i-hormone evuselela i-thyroid, ekhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland futhi inesibopho sokuvuselela i-thyroid ukukhiqiza ama-hormone T3 no-T4, adlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni komzimba;
• LH, eyaziwa njenge-luteinizing hormone, evuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone emadodeni nase-progesterone kwabesifazane, futhi FSH, eyaziwa njenge-follicle stimulating hormone, evumela ukulawulwa kokukhiqizwa kwesidoda nokuvuthwa kwamaqanda. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhona ukwehla ekukhiqizweni kwala ma-hormone ngenxa yezinkinga eziku-pituitary gland, ngokwesibonelo, kukhona ukwehla kokuzala kwabesilisa nabesifazane ngaphezu kokulahleka kwezinwele kanye nokuqedwa komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ngokwesibonelo. Funda kabanzi nge-hormone FSH;
• GH, eyaziwa nge-hormone yokukhula noma i-somatotropin, ikhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland futhi inesibopho sokukhula kwezingane nentsha, ngaphezu kokusiza ekusebenzeni komzimba komzimba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokushintsha kwemizwelo ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormonal, udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwama-anti-depressants amancane ngisho ne-anxiolytics ukunciphisa izimpawu ezihlobene nokuguquka kwemizwelo okungazelelwe.

Udokotela futhi angancoma ukuthi kufakwe i-calcium ne-potassium, okuyizinto ezibalulekile ezingamaminerali ezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zomzimba emzimbeni, ngoba ushintsho oluthile lwamahomoni luholela ekwehleni kokuhlushwa kwalawa manzi egazini.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-panhypopituitarism yisimila esisendleleni ye-pituitary, okungathi, ngokuya ngesigaba sesimila, kungadinga ukususwa kwendlala yebhande. Kodwa-ke, hhayi njalo ukuthi kube nesimila endlaleni yebelethi kusho ukuthi lowo muntu uzohlushwa yi-panhypopituitarism, okwenzeka kuphela lapho indlala idinga ukususwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-panhypopituitarism ingenzeka ngenxa yokutheleleka okuthinta ubuchopho, njenge-meningitis, isibonelo, i-Simmonds syndrome, okuyisifo esizalwa naso, noma kube yimiphumela yemisebe.