Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wendlala yesinye

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wakho wendlala yesinye kukhethwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa ngokuphelele. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzoxoxa ngezinzuzo nezingozi zokwelashwa ngakunye.

Kwesinye isikhathi umhlinzeki wakho angancomela ukwelashwa okukodwa ngenxa yohlobo lwakho lomdlavuza nezici zobungozi. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba nezindlela zokwelashwa ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezingakusiza.

Izici wena nomhlinzeki wakho okufanele nicabange ngazo zifaka phakathi:

• Iminyaka yakho nezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha ongahle ube nazo
• Imiphumela emibi eyenzeka ngohlobo ngalunye lwezokwelapha
• Ukuthi umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa usendaweni yakhona noma usabalale kangakanani lo mdlavuza
• Isikolo sakho seGleason, esitshela ukuthi umdlavuza unolaka kangakanani
• Umphumela wakho wokuhlolwa kwe-prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi achaze lezi zinto ezilandelayo mayelana nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa:

• Yikuphi ukukhetha okunikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu lokwelapha umdlavuza wakho noma ukulawula ukusabalala kwawo?
• Kungenzeka kangakanani ukuthi ube nemiphumela engemihle eyehlukene, nokuthi izokuthinta kanjani impilo yakho?

I-Radical prostatectomy wukuhlinzwa okususa i-Prostate nezinye izicubu ezizungezile. Kuyindlela ongayikhetha lapho umdlavuza ungasakazekanga ngaphesheya kwendlala yesinye.

Amadoda aphilile angahle aphile iminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kokutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza wendlala yesinye kaningi abe nale nqubo.

Yazi ukuthi akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwazi ngokuqinisekile, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uma umdlavuza usabalele ngaphesheya kwendlala yesinye.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngemuva kokuhlinzwa zifaka phakathi ubunzima bokulawula umchamo nezinkinga zokwakhiwa. Futhi, amanye amadoda adinga ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ngemuva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenza kahle ekwelapheni umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa ongakaze usabalale ngaphandle kwendlala yesinye. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa uma kunengozi yokuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asekhona. Imisebe kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziselwa ukudambisa izinhlungu lapho umdlavuza ususabalele ethanjeni.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle kugqokwa ngokusebenzisa ama-x-ray aphakeme akhombe indlala yesinye:

• Ngaphambi kokwelashwa, owelapha ngemisebe usebenzisa ipeni elikhethekile ukumaka ingxenye yomzimba ezokwelashwa.
• Imisebe ihanjiswa ku-prostate gland kusetshenziswa umshini ofana nomshini ojwayelekile we-x-ray. Ukwelashwa uqobo kuvame ukuba kungabi buhlungu.
• Ukwelashwa kwenziwa esikhungweni se-radiation oncology esivame ukuxhumeka esibhedlela.
• Ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto amasonto ayisithupha kuye kwayisishiyagalombili.

Imiphumela emibi ingafaka:

• Ukulahleka kwesifiso
• Uhudo
• Izinkinga zokwakhiwa
• Ukukhathala
• Ukushisa noma ukulimala
• Ukusabela kwesikhumba
• Ukungakwazi ukubamba umchamo, umuzwa wokudinga ukuchama ngokushesha, noma igazi emchameni

Kunemibiko yemidlavuza yesibili evela emisebeni nayo.

Ukwelashwa kweProton kungenye indlela yokwelashwa ngemisebe esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa. Imishayo yamaProton ikhomba ngqo isimila, ngakho-ke kukhona umonakalo omncane ezicutshini ezizungezile. Lokhu kwelashwa akwamukelwa kabanzi noma akusetshenziswanga.

I-Brachytherapy ivame ukusetshenziselwa umdlavuza omncane we-prostate otholakala kusenesikhathi futhi okhula kancane. I-Brachytherapy ingahlanganiswa nokwelashwa ngemisebe kwangaphandle kwemishanguzo esithuthuke kakhulu.

I-Brachytherapy ifaka ukufaka imbewu enomsakazo ngaphakathi kwendlala yesinye.

• Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka izinaliti ezincane esikhunjeni ngaphansi kwesikhwama sakho ukuze ajove imbewu. Izinhlamvu zincane kakhulu ukuthi awuzizwa.
• Imbewu ishiywa endaweni yayo unomphela.

Imiphumela emibi ingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulinyazwa esithweni sangasese noma kwesibanda
• Umchamo obomvu onsundu noma isidoda
• Ukungabi namandla
• Ukungazibambi
• Ukugcinwa kwe-Urinary
• Uhudo

I-testosterone yi-hormone eyinhloko yabesilisa. Izicubu ze-Prostate zidinga i-testosterone ukuze ikhule. Ukwelashwa kweHormonal ukwelashwa okunciphisa umphumela we-testosterone kumdlavuza wendlala yesinye.

Ukwelashwa kweHormone kusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi umdlavuza osabalele ngaphesheya kwendlala yesinye, kepha futhi ingasetshenziswa kanye nokuhlinzwa nemisebe yokwelapha umdlavuza osezingeni eliphakeme. Ukwelashwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu futhi kuvimbele ukukhula okuqhubekayo nokusabalala komdlavuza. Kodwa awuwulaphi umdlavuza.

Uhlobo oluyinhloko lokwelashwa kwamahomoni lubizwa nge-agonist ekhulula ama-hormone akhulula ama-hormone (LH-RH). Esinye isigaba sokwelashwa sibizwa ngabaphikisi be-LH-RH:

• Zombili lezi zinhlobo zemithi zivimba amasende ekwenzeni i-testosterone. Izidakamizwa kufanele zinikezwe ngomjovo, imvamisa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6.
• Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ifaka phakathi isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukushisa okushisayo, ukukhula kwamabele kanye / noma isisa, i-anemia, ukukhathala, ukuncipha kwamathambo (i-osteoporosis), ukunciphisa isifiso sobulili, ukwehla kwesisindo semisipha, ukukhuluphala kwesisindo, nokungabi namandla.

Olunye uhlobo lomuthi wehomoni lubizwa ngokuthi umuthi ovimba i-androgen:

• Kuvame ukunikezwa kanye nemithi ye-LH-RH ukuvimba umphumela we-testosterone ekhiqizwa yizindlala ze-adrenal, ezenza inani elincane le-testosterone.
• Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ifaka phakathi izinkinga zokwakhiwa, ukunciphisa isifiso sobulili, izinkinga zesibindi, isifo sohudo, namabele akhulisiwe.

Okuningi kwe-testosterone yomzimba kwenziwa ngamasende. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlinzwa ukususa ama-testes (okubizwa nge-orchiectomy) kungasetshenziswa futhi njengokwelashwa kwamahomoni.

I-Chemotherapy ne-immunotherapy (umuthi osiza amasosha omzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza) ungasetshenziswa ukwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa ongasabeli ekwelashweni kwamahomoni. Imvamisa kunconywa umuthi owodwa noma inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa.

I-Cryotherapy isebenzisa amazinga okushisa abanda kakhulu ukubanda nokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Umgomo we-cryosurgery ukubhubhisa yonke i-prostate gland futhi mhlawumbe nezicubu ezizungezile.

I-Cryosurgery imvamisa ayisetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokuqala komdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa.

• I-anatomy yokuzala yowesilisa

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-Prostate (PDQ) - inguqulo yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-treatment-pdq. Kubuyekezwe ngoJanuwari 29, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoMashi 24, 2020.

Iwebhusayithi ye-National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Imikhombandlela ye-NCCN yokwenza imitholampilo ku-oncology (imihlahlandlela ye-NCCN): umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa. Inguqulo 1.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/prostate.pdf. Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 16, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoMashi 24, 2020.

UNelson WG, u-Antonarakis ES, uCarter HB, uDe Marzo AM, uDeWeese TL. Umdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, abahleli. I-Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: isahluko 81.

• Umdlavuza Wendlala Yesinye