Ingabe Isifo SikaParkinson Singadala Ukubonwa Ngamehlo?

-Delile

• Ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo sikaParkinson kanye nemibono
• Izinhlobo zemibono
• Ukudukiswa yisifo sikaParkinson
• Isikhathi sokuphila
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okutholakalayo kokugula kwengqondo kukaParkinson?
• Imithi esiza ukwelapha isifo sengqondo i-Parkinson's psychosis
• Yini ebangela ukusangana nokukhohlisa?
• Imithi
• Ukuwohloka komqondo
• I-Delirium
• Ukucindezeleka
• Okufanele ukwenze uma othile eba nemibono noma izinto ezingekho
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukusangana nokukhohlisa yizinkinga ezingaba khona zesifo sikaParkinson's (PD). Zingaba nzima ngokwanele ukuthi zihlukaniswe njenge-PD psychosis.

Ama-hallucinations yimibono engekho ngempela lapho. Ukudukiswa yizinkolelo ezingasekelwe ngokoqobo. Isibonelo esisodwa yi-paranoia eqhubeka noma umuntu ethulwa ubufakazi obuphikisayo.

Ama-hallucinations ngesikhathi se-PD angethusa futhi aqede amandla.

Kunezici eziningi ezinganikela ekuboneni imibono kubantu abane-PD. Kepha iningi lamacala avela njengemiphumela emibi yemithi ye-PD.

Ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo sikaParkinson kanye nemibono

Ama-hallucinations nokuduka kwabantu abane-PD imvamisa kuyingxenye ye-PD psychosis.

I-Psychosis ivame kakhulu kubantu abane-PD, ikakhulukazi labo abasezigabeni zakamuva zesifo. Abaphenyi balinganisela ukuthi kwenzeka kubantu abane-PD.

khombisa ukuthi izimpawu ze-psychosis zihlobene nomsebenzi ophakeme wamakhemikhali obuchopho obizwa nge-dopamine. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka njengomphumela wemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha iPD.

Kodwa-ke, isizathu sokuthi kungani abanye abantu abane-PD behlelwa yi-psychosis ngenkathi abanye bengaqondi okwamanje.

Izinhlobo zemibono

Ama-hallucinations amaningi nge-PD ayadlula futhi ajwayele ukuba yingozi. Zingaba ezesabekayo noma ezikhathazayo, noma kunjalo, ikakhulukazi uma zenzeka kaningi.

Ukusangana kungaba:

• kubonakala (okubonwayo)
• wezwa (ukuzwa)
• kunephunga (olfactory)
• wezwa (ethintekayo)
• kunambitha (gustatory)

Ukudukiswa yisifo sikaParkinson

Ukudukiswa kuthinta kuphela amaphesenti ayi-8 abantu abaphila ne-PD. Ukudideka kungaba nzima kakhulu kunokusangana. Kungaba nzima ukwelashwa.

Ukudukelana kuvame ukuqala njengokudideka okuthuthuka kube yimibono ecacile engasuselwa eqinisweni. Izibonelo zezinhlobo zokukhohlisa abantu abanokuhlangenwe nakho kwe-PD zifaka:

• Umona noma ukuba nempahla. Lo muntu ukholelwa ukuthi kukhona umuntu osempilweni yakhe ongathembekile noma ongathembekile.
• Uyashushisa. Bakholelwa ukuthi othile uzimisele ukubathola noma ukubalimaza ngandlela thile.
• Somatic. Bakholelwa ukuthi banokulimala noma enye inkinga yezokwelapha.
• Icala. Umuntu one-PD unemizwa yecala engasuselwa ekuziphatheni kwangempela noma ezenzweni.
• Izinkohliso ezixutshiwe. Bathola izinhlobo eziningi zokukhohlisa.

I-paranoia, umona nokushushiswa yizona zinto ezibhedayo ezivame ukubikwa. Bangabeka ingozi yokuphepha kwabanakekeli nakumuntu one-PD uqobo.

Isikhathi sokuphila

I-PD ayibulali, yize izinkinga ezivela kulesi sifo zingaba nomthelela esikhathini esifushane sokulindelwa sempilo.

Ukuwohloka komqondo nezinye izimpawu zengqondo njengokufana nemibono kanye nokukhohlisa kuyasiza ekwandiseni izibhedlela futhi.

Ucwaningo olulodwa lwango-2010 lwathola ukuthi abantu abane-PD ababhekana nokukhohliswa, ukubona izinto ezingekho emqondweni, noma ezinye izimpawu zengqondo babesengozini yokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunalezo ezingenazo lezi zimpawu.

Kepha ukuvimbela kokuqala kokuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu ze-psychosis kungasiza ekwandiseni isikhathi sokuphila kubantu abane-PD.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa okutholakalayo kokugula kwengqondo kukaParkinson?

Udokotela wakho angaqala anciphise noma aguqule umuthi we-PD owuthathayo ukuze ubone ukuthi lokho kunciphisa izimpawu zengqondo. Lokhu kumayelana nokuthola ibhalansi.

Abantu abane-PD bangadinga imithamo ephezulu yemithi ye-dopamine ukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zezimoto. Kodwa umsebenzi we-dopamine akufanele ukhuliswe kakhulu kangangokuba uholela ekuboneni nasekukhohlisweni. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisana nawe ukuthola lelo bhalansi.

Imithi esiza ukwelapha isifo sengqondo i-Parkinson's psychosis

Udokotela wakho angacabanga ukunquma umuthi olwa ne-psychips uma ukunciphisa imithi yakho ye-PD kungakusizi ukuphatha lo mphumela ohlangothini.

Izidakamizwa ze-antipsychotic kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu kubantu abane-PD. Kungadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi kungenza nemibono nokukhohlisa kube kubi kakhulu.

Izidakamizwa ezivamile zokulwa ne-antipsychotic njenge-olanzapine (i-Zyprexa) zingathuthukisa imibono, kepha zivame ukuholela ekunciphiseni izimpawu zezimoto ze-PD.

I-Clozapine (i-Clozaril) ne-quetiapine (i-Seroquel) ngeminye imishanguzo yokulwa ne-psychotic odokotela abavame ukuyinikeza ngamanani aphansi ukwelapha i-PD psychosis. Kodwa-ke, kunokukhathazeka ngokuphepha nokusebenza kwabo.

Ngo-2016, kwagunyazwa umuthi wokuqala owawuzosetshenziswa ku-PD psychosis: i-pimavanserin (i-NuPlazid).

Ku, i-pimavanserin ikhonjiswe ukuthi inciphisa imvamisa nobukhulu be-hallucinations nokukhohlisa ngaphandle kokubhebhethekisa izimpawu eziyinhloko zezimoto ze-PD.

Imithi akufanele isetshenziswe kubantu abane-psychosis ehlobene nokuwohloka komqondo ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yokufa.

Izimpawu ze-Psychosis ezibangelwa i-delirium zingathuthuka uma isimo esingelashwa selashwa.

Yini ebangela ukusangana nokukhohlisa?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi umuntu one-PD angahle athole ukukhohliswa noma ukusangana.

Imithi

Abantu abane-PD bavame ukuthatha imishanguzo eminingana. Le mithi isiza ukwelapha i-PD nezinye izimo ezihambisana nokuguga. Kodwa-ke, le mithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi eminingi.

Ukuthatha imishanguzo ethinta ama-dopamine receptors kuyingozi enkulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi eminye imithi ye-PD yandisa umsebenzi we-dopamine. Umsebenzi ophakeme we-dopamine ungaholela ekuboneni imibono kanye nezimpawu ezingokomzwelo kubantu abane-PD.

Imithi engabamba iqhaza ekuboneni noma ekukhohlisweni kwabantu abane-PD ifaka phakathi:

• i-amantadine (Symmetrel)
• imithi elwa nokuquleka
• i-anticholinergics, efana ne-trihexyphenidyl (Artane) ne-benztropine
  i-mesylate (Cogentin)
• i-carbidopa / levodopa (iSinemet)
• Ama-COMT inhibitors, afana ne-entacapone (Comtan) ne-tolcapone (Tasmar)
• ama-dopamine agonists, kufaka phakathi i-rotigotine (NeuPro), pramipexole
  (I-Mirapex), i-ropinirole (i-Requip), i-pergolide (i-Permax), ne-bromocriptine
  (Parlodel)
• Ama-inhibitor e-MAO-B, afana ne-selegiline (i-Eldepryl, i-Carbex) ne-rasagiline (i-Azilect)
• izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-codeine noma i-morphine
• Ama-NSAID, afana ne-ibuprofen (Motrin IB, Advil)
• izidambisi
• ama-steroids

Ukuwohloka komqondo

Izinguquko zamakhemikhali nezomzimba ebuchosheni zingaba nomthelela ekuboneni nasekukhohlisweni. Lokhu kuvame ukubonwa ezimweni zokuwohloka komqondo ngemizimba yeLeyy. Imizimba ye-Lewy ingukufakwa okungajwayelekile kweprotheni ebizwa nge-alpha-synuclein.

Le protein yakha ezindaweni zobuchopho ezilawulayo:

• ukuziphatha
• ukuqonda
• ukunyakaza

Olunye uphawu lwalesi simo lunezinkomba zokubona eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezinemininingwane.

I-Delirium

Ushintsho ekugxileni noma ekuqwashiseni komuntu lubangela i-delirium. Kunezimo eziningi ezingadala isiqephu sesikhashana se-delirium.

Abantu abane-PD bayazwela kulezi zinguquko. Zingafaka:

• ushintsho emvelweni noma endaweni engajwayelekile
• izifo
• ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte
• imfiva
• ukushoda kwamavithamini
• ukuwa noma ukulimala ekhanda
• ubuhlungu
• ukoma komzimba
• ukukhubazeka kokuzwa

Ukucindezeleka

Ukudangala phakathi kwabantu abane-PD kuvame kakhulu. Abaphenyi balinganisela ukuthi okungenani amaphesenti angama-50 abantu abane-PD bazobhekana nokudangala. Ukuhlukumezeka kokuxilongwa kwe-PD kungathatha impilo yomuntu ngokomqondo nangokomzwelo.

Abantu abanokudangala okukhulu bangaba nezimpawu zengqondo, kufaka phakathi ukusangana. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukucindezeleka kwengqondo.

Abantu abane-PD abanengcindezi bangasebenzisa kabi utshwala noma ezinye izinto. Lokhu kungadala neziqephu zengqondo.

Ama-anti-depressants angasetshenziswa ukuphatha ukucindezeleka kubantu abane-PD. Ama-anti-depressants asetshenziswa kakhulu ku-PD ama-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) akhethiwe, njenge-fluoxetine (Prozac).

Okufanele ukwenze uma othile eba nemibono noma izinto ezingekho

Ukuphikisana nomuntu ohlangabezana nemibono noma ukukhohlisa akusizi kangako. Okungcono kakhulu ongakwenza ukuzama ukuhlala uzolile futhi uvume imicabango yomuntu.

Umgomo ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwabo futhi ubagcine bangatatazeli.

I-Psychosis yisimo esibi. Kungaholela ekutheni umuntu azilimaze yena noma abanye. Ama-hallucinations amaningi kubantu abane-PD ayabonakala. Azivamile ukusongela impilo.

Enye indlela yokusiza ukuthatha amanothi ngezimpawu zomuntu, njengokuthi babekwenza ngaphambi kokubona izinto ezingekho noma ukukhohlisa, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zemibono abathi babhekana nazo. Ngemuva kwalokho ungahlanganyela lolu lwazi nabo nodokotela wabo.

Abantu abane-PD psychosis bathambekele ekuthuleni ngokuhlangenwe nakho okufana nalokhu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi iqembu labo lokwelashwa liqonde uhla oluphelele lwezimpawu zabo.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuhlangabezana nemibono noma ukukhohlisa okubangelwa yi-PD akusho ukuthi umuntu unesifo sengqondo.

Isikhathi esiningi, i-PD psychosis ingumphumela oseceleni wemithi ethile ye-PD.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma wena noma umuntu omkhathalelayo ehlangabezana nemibono.

Uma izimpawu ze-psychosis zingathuthuki ngoshintsho emithini, udokotela wakho angahle anikeze umuthi wokulwa nengqondo.