Ukuhlolwa kwe-PDL1 (Immunotherapy)

-Delile

• Luyini uhlolo lwe-PDL1?
• Kusetshenziselwa ini?
• Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-PDL1?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-PDL1?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi ngokuhlolwa kwe-PDL1?
• Izinkomba

Luyini uhlolo lwe-PDL1?

Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala inani le-PDL1 kumaseli womdlavuza. I-PDL1 yiprotheni esiza ukugcina amaseli omzimba ekuhlaseleni amaseli angalimazi emzimbeni. Imvamisa amasosha omzimba alwa nezinto zangaphandle ezinjengegciwane kanye namagciwane, hhayi amaseli akho aphilile. Amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza anenani eliphakeme le-PDL1. Lokhu kuvumela amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi "akhohlise" amasosha omzimba, futhi agweme ukuhlaselwa njengezinto zangaphandle, eziyingozi.

Uma amangqamuzana akho omdlavuza enenani eliphakeme le-PDL1, ungazuza ekwelashweni okubizwa nge-immunotherapy. I-Immunotherapy iyindlela yokwelapha evuselela amasosha akho omzimba ukuyisiza ukuthi ibone futhi ilwe namaseli omdlavuza. I-Immunotherapy ikhonjiswe ukuthi iyasebenza kakhulu ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Kubuye kube nemiphumela emibi embalwa kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza.

Amanye amagama: ehlelwe ukufa-ligand 1, PD-LI, PDL-1 yi-immunohistochemistry (IHC)

Kusetshenziselwa ini?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-PDL1 kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi unomdlavuza ongahlomula nge-immunotherapy.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-PDL1?

Ungadinga ukuhlolwa kwe-PDL1 uma utholwe ukuthi unenye yomdlavuza olandelayo:

• Umdlavuza wamangqamuzana ongewona omncane
• I-Melanoma
• IHodgkin lymphoma
• Umdlavuza wesinye
• Umdlavuza wezinso
• Umdlavuza webele

Izinga eliphakeme le-PDL1 livame ukutholakala kulezi, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Umdlavuza onamazinga aphezulu e-PDL1 ungalashwa ngempumelelo nge-immunotherapy.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-PDL1?

Ukuhlolwa okuningi kwe-PDL1 kwenziwa ngenqubo ebizwa nge-biopsy. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezinqubo ze-biopsy:

• I-biopsy enhle yokuphuza inaliti, esebenzisa inaliti ezacile ukususa isampula lamaseli noma uketshezi
• Inaliti eyinhloko ye-biopsy, esebenzisa inaliti enkulu ukukhipha isampula
• I-biopsy yokuhlinzwa, esusa isampula enkambisweni encane, yenqubo yokugula

Isifiso esihle senaliti kanye ne-core biopsies yenaliti imvamisa kufaka izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Uzolala ngohlangothi lwakho noma uhlale etafuleni lezivivinyo.
• Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzohlanza indawo ye-biopsy bese eyijova nge-anesthetic ukuze ungezwa buhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo.
• Lapho le ndawo isindikindiki, umhlinzeki uzofaka inaliti ye-aspiration enhle noma inaliti eyinhloko ye-biopsy kusayithi le-biopsy bese esusa isampula lezicubu noma uketshezi.
• Ungazizwa unengcindezi encane lapho isampula lihoxisiwe.
• Ingcindezi izosetshenziswa esizeni se-biopsy kuze kuphele ukuphuma kwegazi.
• Umhlinzeki wakho uzofaka ibhandishi eliyinyumba kusayithi le-biopsy.

Ku-biopsy yokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosika kancane esikhunjeni sakho ukuze asuse sonke noma ingxenye yesigaxa sesifuba. I-biopsy yokuhlinzwa kwesinye isikhathi yenziwa uma isigaxa singenakufinyelelwa nge-biopsy yenaliti. Ama-biopsies okuhlinza ngokuvamile afaka lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo.

• Uzolala etafuleni elisebenzayo. I-IV (intambo efakwa ngaphakathi) ingafakwa engalweni noma esandleni sakho.
• Unganikezwa umuthi, obizwa ngokuthi yisidambisi, ukukusiza uphumule.
• Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia yendawo noma ejwayelekile ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo.
  • Nge-anesthesia yendawo, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzojova isiza se-biopsy ngomuthi wokuqeda indawo.
  • Nge-anesthesia ejwayelekile, uchwepheshe obizwa nge-anesthesiologist uzokunika umuthi ngakho-ke uzobe uqulekile phakathi nenqubo.
• Lapho indawo ye-biopsy isikindiki noma uqulekile, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosika kancane esifubeni bese esusa ingxenye noma isigaxa sonke. Ezinye izicubu ezizungeze isigaxa nazo zingasuswa.
• Ukusikeka esikhunjeni sakho kuzovalwa ngemithungo noma ngemichilo yokunamathisela.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-biopsies. Uhlobo lwe-biopsy olutholayo luzoncika endaweni nasayizi wesimila sakho.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Ngeke udinge noma yimaphi amalungiselelo akhethekile uma uthola i-anesthesia yendawo (ukuphazamiseka kwesiza se-biopsy). Uma uthola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, kuzodingeka ukuthi uzile ukudla (ungadli noma uphuze) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokunikeza imiyalo ethile. Futhi, uma uthola i-sedative noma i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, qiniseka ukuhlela umuntu ozokushayela ekhaya. Ungahle ube groggy futhi udideke ngemuva kokuvuka enqubeni.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Ungaba nokulimala okuncane noma ukopha kusayithi le-biopsy. Kwesinye isikhathi isiza siyatheleleka. Uma lokho kwenzeka, uzokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic. I-biopsy yokuhlinzwa ingadala ezinye izinhlungu nokungahambi kahle. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angancoma noma akunikeze umuthi ozokusiza uzizwe ungcono.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Uma imiphumela yakho ikhombisa ukuthi amangqamuzana akho e-tumor anamazinga aphezulu we-PDL1, ungaqala nge-immunotherapy. Uma imiphumela yakho ingakhombisi amazinga aphezulu e-PDL1, i-immunotherapy kungenzeka ingakusebenzeli. Kepha ungazuza kolunye uhlobo lokwelashwa komdlavuza. Uma unemibuzo ngemiphumela yakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi ngokuhlolwa kwe-PDL1?

I-Immunotherapy ayisebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu, noma ngabe unezicubu ezinamazinga aphezulu we-PDL1. Amaseli womdlavuza ayinkimbinkimbi futhi kaningi awalindelekile. Abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo nabacwaningi basaqhubeka nokufunda nge-immunotherapy nokuthi ungabikezela kanjani ukuthi ngubani ozozuza kakhulu kulolu lwazi.

Izinkomba

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Imininingwane ekulesi siza akufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sezokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo ngempilo yakho.