Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zokushoda Kwe-Potassium (Hypokalemia)

-Delile

• 1. Ubuthakathaka Nokukhathala
• 2. Imisipha Yezinhlungu nama-Spasms
• 3. Izinkinga Zokugaya
• 4. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• 5. Imisipha Ama-intshi Nokuqina
• 6. Ukushaywa Kwengubo Nokuqina
• 7. Izinkinga Zokuphefumula
• 8. Izinguquko Zemizwa
• Imithombo yePotassium
• Ingabe Kufanele Uthathe Izithasiselo Ze-Potassium?
• Okusemqoka

I-Potassium iyiminerali ebalulekile enezindima eziningi emzimbeni wakho. Kuyasiza ukulawula ukucindezela kwemisipha, ukugcina ukusebenza kwezinzwa okunempilo nokulawula ibhalansi yoketshezi.

Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukazwelonke luthole ukuthi cishe ama-98% amaMelika awahlangabezani nokudla okunconyiwe kwe-potassium. Ukudla kwaseNtshonalanga kungenzeka kusolwe, njengoba kuthanda ukudla okucutshungulwayo kunokudla okuphelele kwezitshalo njengezithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi namantongomane ().

Lokho kusho ukuthi ukudla okune-potassium ephansi akuvamile ukuba imbangela yokushoda kwe-potassium, noma i-hypokalemia.
Ukushoda kubonakala ngezinga le-potassium yegazi elingaphansi kuka-3.5 mmol ngelitha ngalinye ().

Esikhundleni salokho, kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ngokungazelelwe uketshezi oluningi. Izimbangela ezijwayelekile kufaka hlanza okungapheli, isifo sohudo, ukujuluka okweqile nokulahleka kwegazi ().

Nazi izibonakaliso eziyi-8 zokushoda kwe-potassium.

1. Ubuthakathaka Nokukhathala

Ubuthakathaka nokukhathala kuyizimpawu zokuqala zokushoda kwe-potassium.

Kunezindlela eziningana lapho lokhu kushoda kwamaminerali kungadala ubuthakathaka nokukhathala.

Okokuqala, i-potassium isiza ukulawula ukucindezela kwemisipha. Lapho amazinga e-potassium egazi ephansi, imisipha yakho ikhiqiza ukucindezela okubuthakathaka ().

Ukushoda kule mineral kungathinta nokuthi umzimba wakho uzisebenzisa kanjani izakhamzimba, okuholele ekukhatheni.

Isibonelo, obunye ubufakazi bukhombisa ukuthi ukushoda kungaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, okuholele emazingeni aphezulu kashukela egazini ().

Isifinyezo Njengoba i-potassium isiza ukulawula ukucindezela kwemisipha, ukushoda kungaholela ekunciphiseni okubuthakathaka. Futhi, obunye ubufakazi bukhombisa ukuthi ukushoda kungaphazamisa ukuphatha komzimba izakhamzimba ezifana noshukela, okungadala ukukhathala.

2. Imisipha Yezinhlungu nama-Spasms

Ukuqunjelwa kwemisipha kungukuphambana okungazelelwe, okungalawulwa kwemisipha.

Kungenzeka lapho amazinga e-potassium ephansi egazini ().

Ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana emisipha, i-potassium isiza ukudlulisa amasiginali avela ebuchosheni ashukumisa ukucindezela. Kuyasiza futhi ukuqeda lezi zingqinamba ngokuphuma kumaseli emisipha ().

Lapho amazinga e-potassium egazi ephansi, ubuchopho bakho abukwazi ukudlulisela lezi zimpawu ngempumelelo. Lokhu kubangela ukufinyela okuhlala isikhathi eside, njengokuqaqamba kwemisipha.

Isifinyezo I-Potassium isiza ukuqala nokumisa ukucindezela kwemisipha. Izinga eliphansi le-potassium yegazi lingathinta lokhu kubhalansi, kubangele ukuphambana okungalawuleki nokude okwaziwa ngokuthi ama-cramp.

3. Izinkinga Zokugaya

Izinkinga zokugaya zinezimbangela eziningi, enye yazo kungaba ukushoda kwe-potassium.

I-Potassium isiza ukudlulisa amasiginali kusuka ebuchosheni iye emisipheni etholakala ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Lezi zibonakaliso zivusa izingqinamba ezisiza uhlelo lokugaya ukudla luphazamise futhi luhambise ukudla ukuze kugayeke ().

Lapho amazinga e-potassium egazi ephansi, ubuchopho abukwazi ukudlulisela amasiginali ngempumelelo.

Ngakho-ke, ukuminyaniswa kohlelo lokugaya ukudla kungahle kube buthakathaka futhi kubambezele ukuhamba kokudla. Lokhu kungadala izinkinga zokugaya ukudla njengokuqunjelwa kanye nokuqunjelwa (, 10).

Ngokwengeziwe, ezinye izifundo ziphakamise ukuthi ukuntuleka okukhulu kungadala ukuthi amathumbu akhubazeke ngokuphelele (11).

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kokushoda kwe-potassium kanye nesisu esikhubazekile akucaci ngokuphelele (12).

Isifinyezo Ukushoda kwe-potassium kungadala izinkinga njengokuqunjelwa nokuqunjelwa ngoba kunganciphisa ukuhamba kokudla ngohlelo lokugaya ukudla. Obunye ubufakazi bukhombisa ukuthi ukuntuleka okukhulu kungakhubaza amathumbu, kodwa akucaci ngokuphelele.

4. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo

Wake waqaphela inhliziyo yakho ngokungazelelwe ishaya ngamandla, ishesha noma yeqa isigqi?

Lo muzwa waziwa njengokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi uvame ukuxhumaniswa nokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka. Kodwa-ke, ukushaya kwenhliziyo nakho kungaba uphawu lokushoda kwe-potassium ().

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukugeleza kwe-potassium ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaseli enhliziyo kusiza ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Amazinga ephansi e-potassium egazi angakuguqula lokhu kugeleza, kuholele ekushayeni kwenhliziyo ().

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungaba uphawu lwe-arrhythmia, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, okuxhumene nokushoda kwe-potassium. Ngokungafani ne-palpitations, i-arrhythmia ixhunyaniswe nezimo zenhliziyo ezinzima (,).

Isifinyezo I-Potassium isiza ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo, futhi amazinga aphansi angadala izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kushaya kwenhliziyo kungaba futhi uphawu lwe-arrhythmia, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, okungaba wuphawu lwesimo senhliziyo esibi.

5. Imisipha Ama-intshi Nokuqina

Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqina nakho kungaba uphawu lokushoda kakhulu kwe-potassium (16).

Lezi zimpawu zingakhombisa ukuwohloka kwemisipha okusheshayo, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-rhabdomyolysis.

Amazinga egazi e-potassium asiza ukulawula ukugeleza kwegazi kuye emisipheni yakho. Lapho amazinga ephansi kakhulu, imithambo yakho yegazi ingavumelana futhi ikhawulele ukugeleza kwegazi kuye emisipheni yakho ().

Lokhu kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana emisipha athola umoya-mpilo omncane, okungadala ukuthi uqhume futhi uvuze.
Lokhu kubangela i-rhabdomyolysis, ehambisana nezimpawu ezifana nokuqina kwemisipha nama-aches ().

Isifinyezo Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqina kungaba esinye isibonakaliso sokushoda kwe-potassium futhi kubangelwa ukuwohloka kwemisipha okusheshayo (i-rhabdomyolysis).

6. Ukushaywa Kwengubo Nokuqina

Labo abanesifo se-potassium bangase bahlangabezane nezingqinamba eziqhubekayo nokuqina (18).

Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-paresthesia futhi kuvame ukwenzeka ezandleni, ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasezinyaweni ().

I-Potassium ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemizwa enempilo. Amazinga egazi aphansi e-potassium anganciphisa amasiginali wezinzwa, okungaholela ekunciphiseni nasekubandeni.

Ngenkathi ukuhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ngezikhathi ezithile kungenangozi, ukuqhubekela phambili kokuqina kanye nokuba ndikindiki kungaba uphawu lwesimo esingaphansi. Uma uhlangabezana ne-paresthesia eqhubekayo, kungcono ukubona udokotela wakho.

Isifinyezo Ama-tingles aqhubekayo nokuba ndikindiki kungaba uphawu lokukhubazeka kwemizwa yokusebenza ngenxa yokushoda kwe-potassium. Uma uhlangabezana nokushwabana okuqhubekayo nokuba ndikindiki ezandleni zakho, izingalo, imilenze noma izinyawo, kungcono ukubona udokotela wakho.

7. Izinkinga Zokuphefumula

Ukushoda kakhulu kwe-potassium kungadala ubunzima bokuphefumula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-potassium isiza ukudlulisa amasiginali akhuthaza amaphaphu ukuthi angene futhi ande ().

Lapho amazinga e-potassium egazi ephansi kakhulu, amaphaphu akho kungenzeka angakhuli futhi ahlangane kahle. Lokhu kubangela ukuphefumula okufushane ().

Futhi, i-potassium yegazi ephansi ingakwenza uphelelwe umoya, ngoba ingadala inhliziyo ishaye ngokungavamile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuncishiswa igazi elincane elisuka enhliziyweni yakho liye kuwo wonke umzimba wakho ().

Igazi liletha umoya-mpilo emzimbeni, ngakho-ke ukugeleza kwegazi okushintshiwe kungadala ukuphefumula okuncane.

Futhi, ukushoda okukhulu kwe-potassium kungamisa amaphaphu ekusebenzeni, okuyingozi ().

Isifinyezo I-Potassium isiza amaphaphu ukuthi ande futhi ahlangane, ngakho-ke ukushoda kwe-potassium kungaholela ekuphefumuleni. Futhi, ukuntuleka okukhulu kungamisa amaphaphu ekusebenzeni, okuyingozi.

8. Izinguquko Zemizwa

Ukushoda kwe-potassium kubuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokushintsha kwemizwelo nokukhathala kwengqondo.

Amazinga we-potassium egazi aphansi angaphazamisa amasiginali asiza ukugcina ukusebenza kobuchopho okuhle ().

Isibonelo, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi iziguli ezingama-20% ezinokuphazamiseka kwengqondo zinokushoda kwe-potassium (24).

Lokho kusho ukuthi, kunobufakazi obunqunyelwe endaweni yokushoda kwe-potassium kanye nemizwelo. Ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka ngaphambi kokwenza noma iziphi izincomo.

Isifinyezo Ukushoda kwe-potassium kuxhunyaniswe nokushintsha kwemizwelo nokuphazamiseka. Noma kunjalo, ukuxhumana phakathi kwalaba bobabili akucaci ngokuphelele.

Imithombo yePotassium

Indlela engcono yokwandisa i-potassium oyidlayo ngokudla ukudla okunothe kakhulu nge-potassium njengezithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi namantongomane.

Iziphathimandla zezempilo zase-US zibeke ukudla okunconywayo kwansuku zonke (i-RDI) kwe-potassium ku-4,700 mg ().

Nalu uhlu lokudla okuyimithombo emihle kakhulu ye-potassium, kanye nephesenti le-RDI etholakala ku-100-gram service (26):

• Imifino ye-beet, ephekiwe: Ama-26% we-RDI
• Ama-yam, abhakwe: U-19% we-RDI
• Ubhontshisi omhlophe, okuphekiwe: U-18% we-RDI
• Ama-clams, aphekiwe: U-18% we-RDI
• Amazambane amhlophe, abhakwe: U-16% we-RDI
• Ubhatata, kubhakwe: 14% we-RDI
• Ukwatapheya: 14% we-RDI
• Ubhontshisi wePinto, ophekiwe: U-12% we-RDI
• Ubhanana: U-10% we-RDI

Isifinyezo I-Potassium itholakala enhlobonhlobo yokudla okuphelele, ikakhulukazi izithelo nemifino efana nama-yam, ubhontshisi omhlophe, amazambane nobhanana. Ukunconywa kwansuku zonke kwe-potassium e-US kungu-4,700 mg.

Ingabe Kufanele Uthathe Izithasiselo Ze-Potassium?

Izithako ezingaphezulu kwe-counter potassium azinconywa.

E-US, iziphathimandla zokudla zikhawulela i-potassium kuma-supplements e-over-the-counter abe ngu-99 mg nje. Uma kuqhathaniswa, ibhanana eliphakathi liqukethe i-422 mg ye-potassium (27, 28).

Lo mkhawulo kungenzeka uphansi ngoba ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi izithako ezinomthamo omkhulu we-potassium zingalimaza isisu noma ziholele ekushayeni kwenhliziyo okungavamile, okubulalayo (27,, 30).

Ukuthatha i-potassium eningi kakhulu kungadala inani elithe xaxa layo ukuba lakhe egazini, isimo esaziwa njenge-hyperkalemia. I-Hyperkalemia ingadala i-arrhythmia, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, okungadala izimo zenhliziyo ezimbi ().

Lokho kusho, kuhle ukuthatha isithasiselo esine-potassium ephezulu uma udokotela wakho ekuyala.

Isifinyezo Akunconyelwa ukuthatha izengezo ze-potassium ezithengiswayo, njengoba zikhawulelwe ku-99 mg kuphela we-potassium. Futhi, izifundo zibaxhumanise nezimo ezingezinhle.

Okusemqoka

Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abahlangabezana nokudla okunconyiwe kwe-potassium.

Kodwa-ke, ukudla okuphansi kwe-potassium akuvamile ukuthi kube imbangela yokushoda. Ukushoda kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi.

Izimpawu nezimpawu ezijwayelekile zokushoda kwe-potassium kufaka phakathi ubuthakathaka nokukhathala, amajaqamba, ukuqina kwemisipha nokuqina, ukundindizela kanye nokuba ndikindiki, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, izimpawu zokugaya ukudla nokushintsha kwemizwelo.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi untula, qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela udokotela wakho, njengoba ukushoda kwe-potassium kungaba nemiphumela emibi kwezempilo.

Ngenhlanhla, ungakhuphula amazinga e-potassium egazi ngokumane udle ukudla okunothe kakhulu njenge-beet, imifino, ubhontshisi omhlophe, izimbaza, amazambane amhlophe, ubhatata, ukwatapheya, ubhontshisi we-pinto nobhanana.