Kuyini i-psychoanalysis, kwenziwa kanjani futhi kwenzelwa ini

-Delile

• Kwenziwa kanjani
• Yenzelwe ini
• Izindlela zokwelashwa kwengqondo
• Amagama udokotela angawasebenzisa

I-Psychoanalysis uhlobo lokwelashwa kwengqondo, olwenziwe ngudokotela odumile uSigmund Freud, osebenzela ukusiza abantu ukuthi baqonde kangcono imizwa nemizwa yabo, kanye nokusiza ukubona ukuthi ukungazi kuthonya kanjani imicabango nezenzo zansuku zonke.

Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo noma isazi sezifo zengqondo singasebenzisa le ndlela yokusiza ekwelapheni abantu abanexhala, ukudangala nezinye izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka. Kodwa-ke, i-psychoanalysis nayo ingenziwa yinoma ngubani ofuna ukuqonda okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, abanezinkinga zobudlelwano noma ubunzima bokugxila.

Amaseshini we-Psychoanalysis angenziwa nabantu abadala, intsha kanye nezingane, ngabodwana noma ngamaqembu futhi ahlala isilinganiso semizuzu engama-45, kuya ngongumelaphi. Ngaphambi kokuqala amaseshini, kubalulekile ukufuna ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ukuze imiphumela ibe mihle futhi yanelise.

Kwenziwa kanjani

Izikhathi zokwelashwa nge-psychoanalysis zenzeka ehhovisi noma emtholampilo womelaphi noma we-psychoanalyst, ongaba isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo noma udokotela wezifo zengqondo, futhi agcine isilinganiso semizuzu engama-45. Imvamisa nenombolo yamaseshini kuchazwa ngudokotela, kuya ngomuntu nomuntu.

Ngesikhathi seseshini umuntu ulala phansi kusofa, obizwa ngokuthi yi-divan, bese eqala ukukhuluma ngemizwa, ngokuziphatha, ngezingxabano futhi angaxhumani namehlo nodokotela, ukuze angabi namahloni okusho lokho akuzwayo. Njengakwezinye izinhlobo zokwelashwa kwengqondo, lapho umuntu ekhuluma, umelaphi uzobheka umthombo wezinkinga zengqondo futhi asize lowo muntu afune izindlela zokubhekana nalezi zinkinga. Bona okuningi mayelana nezinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwengqondo.

Ku-psychoanalysis, umuntu angakhuluma noma yini efika engqondweni, ngaphandle kwemingcele futhi akufanele akhathazeke ngemizwa yecala noma yehlazo, ngoba yile ndlela umelaphi azokwazi ngayo ukusiza ekufuneni izimpendulo ezinkingeni zamanje, nolwazi olunikeziwe zigcinwa ziyimfihlo njalo.

Yenzelwe ini

Ngokuhlola kwengqondo umuntu angathola ulwazi engxenyeni engazi lutho engqondweni yakhe futhi lokhu kungasiza ukuqonda imizwa, imizwa kanye nezingxabano zangaphakathi. Ngale ndlela, lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lungakhonjiswa kunoma ngubani ofuna ukuzazi futhi ofuna ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ezwa imizwa ethile.

Umelaphi, lapho ekhuluma nomuntu, angasiza ekuboneni izimbangela eziholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu zokukhathazeka, ukudangala nezinye izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-psychoanalysis, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zikadokotela wezifo zengqondo, ngoba kuyadingeka kaningi ukusebenzisa imishanguzo yokwelapha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinkinga i-psychoanalysis engasiza ukubhekana nazo zibandakanya imizwa yokuhlukaniswa, ukushintsha kwemizwelo okunzima, ukuzethemba okuphansi, ubunzima bezocansi, ukungajabuli okungapheli, izingxabano phakathi kwabantu, ubunzima bokugxila, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile nokuziphatha okulimazayo, njengokusebenzisa utshwala noma izidakamizwa.

Izindlela zokwelashwa kwengqondo

I-Psychoanalysis inezindlela namasu ahlukene azokhonjiswa ngokusho kwesincomo sikadokotela, kuya ngezidingo zomuntu ngamunye. Lezi zindlela kungaba:

• I-Psychodynamics: kuyindlela esetshenziswa nabantu abadala, lapho owelapha ehleli ebheke khona kumuntu. Imvamisa izinhloso zakho zigxila kakhulu ekuxazululeni uhlobo oluthile lwenkinga njengokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka;
• I-Psychodrama: isetshenziswa futhi kubantu abadala, ngoba iqukethe ukwakha indawo yamanga efana nomcimbi othile wangempela wokuphila komuntu, njengokulwa, isibonelo. Uchwepheshe uhlaziya izenzo zomuntu ukuze aqonde imizwa nemicabango yakhe;
• Ingane: inqubo esetshenziswa ezinganeni nasebusheni ezinezinkinga ezithile, ezinjengokudangala, ukuqwasha, ulaka olwedlulele, ukucabanga ngokweqile, ubunzima bokufunda nokuphazamiseka kokudla;
• Imibhangqwana:kusebenza ukuqonda ukuguquguquka kobudlelwano phakathi kwezithandani, kusiza ukuqeda ukungezwani nokusiza ekufuneni ukuxazululwa kwezingxabano;
• Amaqembu e-Psychoanalytic: kulapho-ke umelaphi esiza iqembu labantu ukuthi liqonde imizwa yabo ndawonye, ​​besekelane.

I-Psychoanalysis isetshenziselwa ukukhomba nokwelapha izinkinga nezimo eziningi, futhi isebenzisa amasu amaningi ahlukene. Yize kungaba inqubo ende, ukwelashwa kwengqondo nge-psychoanalysis kusiza ekwelapheni izimo ezahlukahlukene zezempilo, njengokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka futhi kusiza abantu ukuthi baphile kangcono nabo kanye nabanye, kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi inqubo esetshenzisiwe.

Amagama udokotela angawasebenzisa

Ukusiza umuntu aqonde imizwa nemizwa, umelaphi angasebenzisa amanye amagama asetshenziswa kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwe-psychotherapy, njengokuthi:

• Aqulekile: yingxenye yengqondo engaziwa ngemicabango yansuku zonke, iyimizwa efihlekile nokuthi umuntu akazi ukuthi unayo;
• Okuhlangenwe nakho kwezingane: yizimo ezenzeka ngesikhathi sobuntwana, njengezifiso nokwesaba okungazange kuxazululwe ngaleso sikhathi futhi okudala izingxabano ebudaleni;
• Amaphupho okusho: kusetshenziselwa ukuqonda izifiso nemicabango engaqondakali lapho umuntu ephapheme, futhi la maphupho avame ukuveza izincazelo ezingazi lutho;
• I-ego, i-id kanye ne-superego: i-ego yingxenye yengqondo ekhuza izenzo nemizwa, i-id yingxenye lapho izinkumbulo zabangazi lutho, futhi i-superego ingunembeza.

Yize kunezindlela ezithile zokwenza i-psychoanalysis, umelaphi ngamunye angasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngomuntu ngamunye kanye nezinhloso abafuna ukuzifeza.