Umlobi: Lewis Jackson
Usuku Lokudalwa: 13 Mhlawumbe 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 21 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Nge-Psoriatic Arthritis - Impilo
Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Nge-Psoriatic Arthritis - Impilo

-Delile

Yini i-psoriatic arthritis?

I-Psoriatic arthritis (i-PsA) yisimo esihlanganisa ukuvuvukala, amalunga abuhlungu e-arthritis ne-psoriasis. I-Psoriasis imvamisa idala ukuvela kwamachashazi abomvu anezikhala, esikhunjeni nasekhanda.

Cishe izigidi ezingama-7.5 zabantu baseMelika bane-psoriasis, futhi kuze kufike kumaphesenti angama-30 alaba bantu abathuthukisa i-PsA. I-PsA ingaba mnene noma ibe nzima futhi ifake ilunga elilodwa noma amaningi.

Uma wena noma othandekayo uthole ukuthi une-PsA, ungahle ube nemibuzo ngokuthi impilo injani ngalesi simo.

Izinhlobo ze-psoriatic arthritis

Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu ze-PsA.

I-Symmetric PsA

Lolu hlobo luthinta amalunga afanayo ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba wakho, ngakho-ke womabili amadolo akho angakwesokunxele nangakwesokudla, ngokwesibonelo. Izimpawu zingafana nalezo zesifo samathambo (RA).

I-Symmetric PsA ivame ukuba namandla futhi idale ukukhubazeka okuhlangene okuncane kune-RA. Noma kunjalo, i-PsA ehambisanayo ingakhubaza. Cishe uhhafu wabantu abane-PsA banalolu hlobo.

I-PsA engalingani

Lokhu kuthinta ilunga noma amalunga ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho. Amalunga akho angazizwa ebuhlungu futhi abe bomvu. I-Asymmetric PsA ngokuvamile imnene. Ithinta cishe abantu abangamaphesenti angama-35 abane-PsA.


I-PsA eqavile ye-interphalangeal evelele

Lolu hlobo lubandakanya amalunga eziseduzane nezipikili zakho. Lezi zaziwa ngokuthi amalunga e-distal. Kwenzeka cishe kumaphesenti ayi-10 abantu abane-PsA.

I-Spondylitis PsA

Lolu hlobo lwe-PsA lubandakanya umgogodla wakho. Umgogodla wakho wonke osuka entanyeni yakho uye emhlane ongezansi ungathinteka. Lokhu kungenza ukunyakaza kube buhlungu kakhulu. Izandla zakho, izinyawo, imilenze, izingalo kanye nezinqulu nakho kungathinteka.

Ama-mutilans we-Psoriatic arthritis

Lolu uhlobo olunzima, olukhubazekile lwe-PsA. Cishe amaphesenti ama-5 abantu abane-PsA banalolu hlobo. Ama-mutilans e-Psoriatic arthritis ngokuvamile athinta izandla nezinyawo zakho. Kungadala nobuhlungu entanyeni yakho nasemhlane ongezansi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-psoriatic arthritis?

Izimpawu ze-PsA zehlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Zingaba mnene zibe nzima. Kwesinye isikhathi isimo sakho sizongena ekuxolelweni futhi uzozizwa ungcono isikhashana. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. Izimpawu zakho futhi zixhomeke ohlotsheni lwe-PsA onayo.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-PsA zifaka:


  • ukuvuvukala, amalunga wethenda kolunye noma ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba wakho
  • ukuqina kwasekuseni
  • iminwe nezinzwane ezivuvukile
  • imisipha ebuhlungu nemisipha
  • amabala wesikhumba anamaxolo, angaba sibi kakhulu lapho ubuhlungu bamalunga buqubuka
  • isikhumba esikhanyayo
  • ukukhathala
  • ukubethelwa kwezipikili
  • ukuhlukaniswa kwepikili yakho embhedeni wezipikili
  • ukubomvu kwamehlo
  • ubuhlungu beso (uveitis)

I-Spondylitis PsA, ikakhulukazi, nayo ingadala lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

  • ubuhlungu bomgogodla nokuqina
  • ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nobuthakathaka ku:
    • okhalweni
    • amadolo
    • amaqakala
    • izinyawo
    • indololwane
    • izandla
    • izihlakala
    • amanye amalunga
    • ukuvuvukala izinzwane noma iminwe

I-Symmetric PsA ithinta amalunga amahlanu noma ngaphezulu ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba wakho. I-Asymmetric PsA ithinta amalunga angaphansi kwamahlanu, kepha angaba sezinhlangothini eziphikisanayo.

Ama-mutilans e-Psoriatic arthritis akhubaza amalunga akho. Inganciphisa iminwe nezinzwane ezithintekile. I-DistA PsA ibangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ezinhlangothini zokugcina zeminwe yakho nezinzwani zakho. Funda kabanzi ngemiphumela eyi-11 ye-psoriatic arthritis emzimbeni wakho.


Izithombe ze-psoriatic arthritis

Yini ebangela i-psoriatic arthritis?

Ku-PsA, amasosha akho omzimba ahlasela amalunga akho nesikhumba. Odokotela abazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu kuhlaselwa. Bacabanga ukuthi kuvela enhlanganisweni yezakhi zofuzo nezici zemvelo.

I-PsA isebenza emindenini. Cishe amaphesenti angama-40 abantu abanalesi sifo banesihlobo esisodwa noma eziningi ezine-PsA. Okuthile emvelweni kuvame ukudala isifo kulabo abanomkhuba wokuthuthukisa i-PsA. Lokho kungaba yigciwane, ukucindezela okukhulu, noma ukulimala.

Uphathwa kanjani i-psoriatic arthritis?

Inhloso yokwelashwa kwe-PsA ukuthuthukisa izimpawu, njengokuqubuka kwesikhumba nokuvuvukala okuhlangene.

Imihlahlandlela emisha incoma indlela "yokuphatha ukukhomba", encike kokuncamelayo komuntu ngamunye. Kunqunywa inhloso ethile yokwelashwa nokuthi ungalinganisa kanjani inqubekela phambili, bese udokotela esebenza nawe ukukhetha izindlela zokwelashwa.

Unezinketho eziningi zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokwelashwa luzobandakanya okukodwa noma okuningi kokulandelayo:

Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID)

Le mithi isiza ukulawula ubuhlungu obuhlangene nokuvuvukala. Izinketho ze-Over-the-counter (OTC) zifaka ibuprofen (Advil) ne-naproxen (Aleve). Uma izinketho ze-OTC zingasebenzi, udokotela wakho angakunika ama-NSAID ngemithamo ephezulu.

Uma kusetshenziswe ngokungalungile, ama-NSAID angadala:

  • ukucasuka kwesisu
  • ukopha esiswini
  • isifo senhliziyo
  • unhlangothi
  • ukulimala kwesibindi nezinso

Izidakamizwa zokuguqula izidakamizwa (i-DMARD)

Le mithi yehlisa ukuvuvukala ukuvimbela ukulimala okuhlangene futhi kunciphise ukuqhubeka kwe-PsA. Zingalawulwa ngemizila ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi umlomo, umjovo, noma ukumnika.

Ama-DMARD ajwayelekile kakhulu afaka:

  • i-methotrexate (Trexall)
  • leflunomide (Arava)
  • i-sulfasalazine (i-Azulfidine)

I-Apremilast (i-Otezla) yi-DMARD entsha ethathwa ngomlomo. Isebenza ngokuvimba i-phosphodiesterase 4, i-enzyme ebandakanyeka ekuvukeleni.

Imiphumela emibi ye-DMARD ifaka phakathi:

  • ukulimala kwesibindi
  • ukucindezelwa komnkantsha
  • izifo zamaphaphu

I-Biologics

Kukhona izinhlobo ezinhlanu zemithi yokwelapha i-psoriatic. Zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ngokwalokho okukhombe nokukuvimbela (ukuvimba noma ukunciphisa) emzimbeni:

  • isimila necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitors:
    • i-adalimumab (Humira)
    • isitifiketi (Cimzia)
    • golimumab (Simponi)
    • i-etanercept (Enbrel)
    • infliximab (i-Remicade)
  • i-interleukin 12 no-23 (IL-12/23) inhibitors:
    • ustekinumab (Stelara)
  • i-interleukin 17 (IL-17) inhibitors
    • secukinumab (Cosentyx)
    • brodalumab (Siliq)
    • ixekizumab (Taltz)
  • i-interleukin 23 (IL-23) inhibitors
    • i-guselkumab (Tremfya)
    • i-tildrakizumab-asmn (Ilumya)
  • Ama-T-cell inhibitors
    • i-abatacept (i-Orencia)

Ngokuya ngemikhombandlela emisha yokwelashwa ekhishwe ngoNovemba 2018, le mithi inconywa njengezindlela zokwelashwa zokuqala.

Uthola i-biologics ngomjovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho noma njengokufakwa. Ngoba le mithi inciphisa ukuphendula komzimba wakho, ingakhuphula ubungozi bokutheleleka okunzima. Eminye imiphumela emibi ibandakanya isicanucanu nohudo.

Ukuphuza ama-steroid

Le mithi ingaletha ukuvuvukala. Kwa-PsA, bavame ukujojelwa emajoyintini athintekile. Imiphumela emibi ibandakanya ubuhlungu kanye nengozi encane yokutheleleka ngokuhlanganyela.

Ama-immunosuppressants

Imithi efana ne-azathioprine (Imuran) ne-cyclosporine (Gengraf) yehlisa impendulo engasebenzi ngokweqile e-PsA. Azisasetshenziswa kaningi manje lapho kutholakala i-TNF-alpha inhibitors. Ngoba zenza buthakathaka izimpendulo zamasosha omzimba, ama-immunosuppressants angakhuphula ubungozi bokutheleleka.

Ukwelashwa kwezihloko

Amakhilimu, ama-gel, ama-lotion, namafutha kungakhulula ukuqubuka kwe-PsA okunukayo. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ziyatholakala ekhawunteni nangencwadi kadokotela.

Izinketho zifaka:

  • anthralin
  • i-calcitriol noma i-calcipotriene, okuyizinhlobo zevithamini D-3
  • i-salicylic acid
  • okhilimu be-steroid
  • i-tazarotene, etholakala ku-vitamin A

Ukwelashwa okulula neminye imishanguzo ye-PsA

Ukwelashwa okulula kusebenzisa imishanguzo, kulandele ukuvezwa ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ukwelapha ukuqubuka kwesikhumba se-psoriasis.

Eminye imishanguzo embalwa nayo yelapha izimpawu ze-PsA. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-secukinumab (Cosentyx) ne-ustekinumab (Stelara). Le mithi ijojowe ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Bangakhuphula ubungozi bokutheleleka kanye nomdlavuza. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinketho eziningi zokwelashwa ze-PsA.

Ingabe indlela yokuphila ingashintsha izimpawu ze-psoriatic arthritis?

Kunezinto ongazenza ekhaya ukusiza ukuthuthukisa izimpawu zakho:

Engeza ukuzivocavoca enkambisweni yakho yansuku zonke

Ukugcina amalunga akho ehamba kunganciphisa ukuqina. Ukusebenza okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kuzokusiza nokuthi wehlise isisindo esiningi futhi kukunikeze amandla amaningi. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuzivocavoca oluphephe kakhulu emalungeni akho.

Ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ukubhukuda, nokuzivocavoca ngamanzi kuthambile emalungeni kunokuzivocavoca okunomthelela omkhulu njengokugijima noma ukudlala ithenisi.

Gwema imikhuba emibi

Ukubhema akulungile emajoyintini akho kanye nawo wonke umzimba wakho. Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokwelulekwa, umuthi, noma ukushintshwa kwe-nicotine ukukusiza uyeke.

Nciphisa nokuphuza kwakho. Ingasebenzisana nemithi ethile ye-PsA.

Yehlisa ukucindezeleka

Ukungezwani nokucindezeleka kungenza ukuqhuma kwamathambo kube kubi nakakhulu. Zindla, zijwayeze i-yoga, noma zama amanye amasu okusiza ekucindezelekeni ukuze wehlise ingqondo nomzimba wakho.

Sebenzisa amaphakethe ashisayo nabandayo

Ukucindezela okufudumele namaphakethe ashisayo anganciphisa ukukhathazeka kwemisipha. Amaphakethe abandayo nawo anganciphisa ubuhlungu emajoyintini akho.

Hambisa ukuvikela amalunga akho

Vula iminyango ngomzimba wakho esikhundleni seminwe yakho. Phakamisa izinto ezisindayo ngezandla zombili. Sebenzisa izivula imbiza ukuvula izivalo.

Cabanga ngezithako zemvelo nezinongo

Ama-omega-3 fatty acids anezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala. La mafutha anempilo, atholakala kwizithasiselo eziningi, anciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuqina kwamalunga.

Ngenkathi ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kunezinzuzo zezempilo, i-Food and Drug Administration ayiqapheli ubumsulwa noma ikhwalithi yezithasiselo. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha izithasiselo.

Ngokufanayo, i-turmeric, isipayisi esinamandla, futhi sisebenzisa umthamo wezindawo ezilwa nokuvuvukala futhi singasiza ekwehliseni ukuvuvukala kanye ne-PsA flare-ups. I-Turmeric ingangezwa kunoma yisiphi isidlo. Abanye abantu baze bayigqugquzele itiye noma ama-latte, njengobisi lwegolide.

Ezinye izixazululo zemvelo nezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasiza futhi zinciphise ezinye izimpawu ze-PsA.

Ukudla kwe-psoriatic arthritis

Yize kungekho kudla okukodwa noma ukudla okuzolapha i-PsA, ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekwehliseni ukuvuvukala futhi kuthobe izimpawu. Izinguquko ezinempilo ekudleni kwakho zingakhokha kakhulu amalunga akho nomzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngamafuphi, yidla izithelo nemifino ethe xaxa. Basiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi baphathe isisindo sakho. Isisindo eseqile sibeka ingcindezi enkulu emajoyintini asevele ebuhlungu. Nciphisa ushukela namafutha, okuvuvukala. Beka ukugcizelelwa emithonjeni yamafutha enempilo, njengezinhlanzi, imbewu, namantongomane.

Izigaba ze-Psoriatic arthritis

I-PsA ayilandeli indlela efanayo yomuntu ngamunye otholakale enalesi sifo.Abanye abantu bangaba nezimpawu ezincane kanye nomthelela olinganiselwe kumajoyini abo. Kwabanye, ukukhubazeka ngokuhlanganyela nokwandiswa kwethambo kungenzeka ekugcineni kwenzeke.

Akucaci ukuthi kungani abanye abantu behlangabezana nokwanda okusheshayo kwalesi sifo kanti abanye abakwenzi. Kepha ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu futhi kwehlise nomonakalo kumalunga. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho uqala ukuthola izimpawu noma izimpawu ezikhomba ku-PsA.

Isigaba sokuqala i-PsA

Ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo samathambo, ungahle ube nezimpawu ezincane njengokuvuvukala okuhlangene nokuncipha kokuhamba. Lezi zimpawu zingenzeka ngasikhathi sinye lapho uba nezilonda zesikhumba se-psoriasis, noma kungenzeka eminyakeni edlule.

Ama-NSAID yindlela yokwelashwa ejwayelekile. Le mithi idambisa izinhlungu nezimpawu, kepha ayiphuzi iPSA.

I-PsA emaphakathi

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-PsA onayo, isigaba esilinganisiwe noma esiphakathi cishe sizobona izimpawu eziya ziba zimbi ezidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo, okufana ne-DMARD kanye ne-biologics. Le mithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu. Zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka komonakalo futhi.

Isikhathi samuva se-PsA

Ngalesi sikhathi, izicubu zamathambo zithinteka kakhulu. Ukukhubazeka okuhlangene nokwandiswa kwamathambo kungenzeka. Ukwelashwa kuhlose ukunciphisa izimpawu nokuvikela izinkinga eziya ziba zimbi.

Ukuhlonza i-psoriatic arthritis

Ukuxilonga i-PsA, udokotela wakho kufanele akhiphe ezinye izimbangela zesifo samathambo, njenge-RA kanye ne-gout, ngemifanekiso nokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-imaging kubheka ukulimala kwamajoyinti nezinye izicubu:

  • Ama-X-ray. Lokhu kubheka ukuvuvukala nokonakala kwamathambo namalunga. Lo monakalo uhlukile kwi-PsA kunangezinye izinhlobo zesifo samathambo.
  • Ama-MRIs. Amagagasi omsakazo nozibuthe abanamandla benza izithombe zengaphakathi lomzimba wakho. Lezi zithombe zingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole ukulimala okuhlangene, kwe-tendon, noma kwe-ligament.
  • Ama-CT scan nama-ultrasound. Lokhu kungasiza odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi iPSA ithuthuke kangakanani nokuthi amalunga omzimba athinteka kanjani.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwalezi zinto kusiza ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala okukhona emzimbeni wakho:

  • Amaprotheni asebenza ngo-C. Lokhu kuyinto ekhiqizwa yisibindi sakho lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho.
  • Isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation. Lokhu kuveza ukuthi kungakanani ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, ayikwazi ukunquma ukuthi ukuvuvukala kuvela ku-PsA noma ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona.
  • Isici se-Rheumatoid (RF). Amasosha omzimba wakho akhiqiza le autoantibody. Imvamisa ikhona kuRA kodwa inegethivu ku-PsA. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-RF kungasiza udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi unayo yini iPSA noma i-RA.
  • Uketshezi oluhlangene. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwesiko kususa inani elincane loketshezi emadolweni akho noma elinye ilunga. Uma amakristalu e-uric acid asemanzini, ungahle ube ne-gout esikhundleni se-PsA.
  • Amaseli abomvu egazi. Ukubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu aphansi kusuka ekushoneni kwegazi kuvamile kubantu abane-PsA.

Akukho luhlolo olulodwa lwegazi noma lwe-imaging olunganquma ukuthi unayo yini i-PsA. Udokotela wakho usebenzisa inhlanganisela yezivivinyo ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona. Funda kabanzi mayelana nalezi zivivinyo nokuthi yini engakutshela udokotela wakho ngamalunga akho.

Izici zobungozi zesifo samathambo se-psoriatic

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole i-PsA uma:

  • une-psoriasis
  • unomzali noma ingane yakini ene-PsA
  • aphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-50 (yize izingane zingayithola, nayo)
  • ngibe ne-strep throat
  • une-HIV

I-PsA ikubeka engcupheni yezinkinga ezibandakanya:

  • ama-mutilans we-psoriatic arthritis
  • izinkinga zamehlo, njenge-conjunctivitis noma i-uveitis
  • isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi

Yini engadala i-psoriatic arthritis flare-up?

Ama-PsA flare-ups enza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu isikhathi esithile. Izinto ezithile zingasusa ama-PsA flares. Izimbangela zawo wonke umuntu zehlukile.

Ukuze ufunde okubangela, gcina idayari yezimpawu. Usuku nosuku, bhala phansi izimpawu zakho nokuthi ubukwenza ini ngenkathi ziqala. Futhi qaphela ukuthi ngabe kukhona okushintshile kunqubo yakho, njengokuthi uma uqale ukuthatha umuthi omusha.

Izimbangela ezijwayelekile ze-PsA zifaka:

  • izifo, njenge-strep throat kanye nezifo eziphezulu zokuphefumula
  • ukulimala, njengokusika, ukusika, noma ukushiswa yilanga
  • isikhumba esomile
  • ukucindezeleka
  • amakhaza, isimo sezulu esomile
  • ukubhema
  • ukuphuza kakhulu
  • ukucindezeleka
  • isisindo esiningi ngokweqile
  • imishanguzo, njenge-lithium, i-beta-blockers, nemithi elwa nomalaleveva

Yize ungeke ukwazi ukugwema zonke lezi zinto ezibangela, ungazama ukuphatha ukucindezeleka, uyeke ukubhema, futhi unciphise ukuphuza kwakho utshwala.

Buza udokotela wakho uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi eyaziwa ukusetha izimpawu ze-PsA. Uma kunjalo, ungahle uthande ukushintshela kumuthi omusha.

Akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukumisa ama-flare, kodwa ungasebenza futhi ufunde izindlela zokunciphisa ubungozi bama-flares.

I-Psoriatic arthritis vs. isifo samathambo

I-PsA neRA izinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlobo eziningi zesifo samathambo. Ngenkathi bengabelana ngegama elijwayelekile nezimpawu eziningi ezifanayo, kunezici ezahlukahlukene ezibangela lokho.

I-PsA ivela kubantu abane-psoriasis. Lesi yisimo sesikhumba esidala izilonda namabala enesikhumba ebusweni besikhumba.

I-RA yisifo sokuzimela komzimba. Kwenzeka lapho umzimba uhlasela ngephutha izicubu ezikulayini. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala futhi ekugcineni ubuhlungu nokubhujiswa okuhlangene.

I-PsA yenzeka cishe ngokulinganayo kwabesilisa nabesifazane, kepha abesifazane maningi amathuba okuthi bahlakulele i-RA. I-PsA ivame ukukhombisa kuqala phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-50 kubantu abaningi. I-RA ivame ukuqala kancane kancane emuva kweminyaka yobudala.

Ezigabeni zabo zokuqala, bobabili iPSA neRA babelana ngezimpawu eziningi ezifanayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlungu, ukuvuvukala nokuqina kwamalunga. Njengoba izimo ziqhubeka, kungahle kucace ukuthi unasiphi isimo.

Ngenhlanhla, udokotela ngeke kudingeke alinde ukuba i-arthritis iqhubeke ukuze enze ukuxilongwa. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nemifanekiso kungasiza udokotela wakho anqume ukuthi yisiphi isimo esithinta amalunga akho.

Funda kabanzi ngalezi zimo nokuthi ziphathwa kanjani.

Umbono

Umbono wawo wonke umuntu wehlukile. Abanye abantu banezimpawu ezimnene kakhulu ezidala izinkinga ngezikhathi ezithile. Abanye banezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu neziqeda amandla.

Izimpawu zakho ziba nzima kakhulu, i-PsA eyengeziwe izothinta ikhono lakho lokuhamba. Abantu abanokulimala okuhlangene okuningi bangakuthola kunzima ukuhamba, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi, nokwenza eminye imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Umbono wakho uzothinteka uma:

  • Uthole ukuxilongwa kwe-PsA usemncane.
  • Isimo sakho besinzima lapho uthola ukuthi unesifo.
  • Isikhumba sakho esiningi sigcwele ukuqubuka.
  • Abantu abambalwa emndenini wakho bane-PsA.

Ukuze uthuthukise umbono wakho, landela umuthi wokwelashwa okuyalelwa ngudokotela. Kungadingeka ukuthi uzame izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ukuthola ukuthi yini okukusebenzela kangcono.

Funda le ndatshana ngeSpanishi

Izindatshana Ezidumile

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