Ukucindezeleka Okukhulu Okunezici Zengqondo (Ukudangala Kwezingqondo)

-Delile

• Ziyini Izimpawu Zokucindezeleka Kwengqondo?
• Ukuvimbela ukuzibulala
• Yini Ebangela Ukucindezeleka Kwengqondo?
• Kutholakala Kanjani Ukudangala Kwezingqondo?
• Kwelashwa Kanjani Ukucindezeleka?
• Uyini Umbono Womuntu Onokucindezeleka Kwengqondo?
• Ukuvimbela Kanjani Ukuzibulala

Kuyini Ukucindezeleka Kwengqondo?

Ukudangala kwengqondo, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukucindezeleka okukhulu kokudangala okunezici zengqondo, kuyisimo esibi esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha nokuqashwa okusondele ngudokotela wezempilo noma wezengqondo.

Isifo sokudangala esikhulu yinkinga ejwayelekile engokwengqondo engathinta kabi izindawo eziningi zempilo yomuntu. Kuthinta imizwa nokuziphatha kanye nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yomzimba, kufaka phakathi ukudla nokulala. Abantu abanokucindezeleka okukhulu bavame ukulahlekelwa intshisekelo emisebenzini abake bayijabulela futhi banenkinga yokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ngezikhathi ezithile, bangaze bazizwe sengathi impilo ayikufanele ukuphila.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-20 abantu abanokucindezeleka okukhulu nabo banezimpawu zengqondo. Le nhlanganisela kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi ukucindezeleka kwengqondo. Kwezengqondo, noma kunjalo, igama lobuchwepheshe elingaphezulu yisifo esikhulu sokudangala esinezimpawu zengqondo. Isimo senza abantu babone, bezwe, noma bakholwe izinto ezingezona ezangempela.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zokuphazamiseka okukhulu kokudangala okunezici zengqondo. Kuzo zombili, kukhona ukukhohlisa kanye nemibono ekhona, kepha umuntu othintekile angaba nenkinga enkulu yokudangala ngezimpawu zengqondo ezihlangene noma ngezici zengqondo ezingahambisani nemizwa.

Ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokudangala okunezici zengqondo ezihlangene-nomqondo kusho ukuthi okuqukethwe ama-hallucinations nokukhohlisa kuyahambisana nezingqikithi ezijwayelekile zokudangala. Lokhu kungabandakanya imizwa yokungafaneleki komuntu siqu, yecala, noma yokuzizwa ungelutho. Ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokudangala okunezici zengqondo ezingahambisani nemizwa kusho ukuthi okuqukethwe ukubona izinto ezingekho kanye nokukhohlisa akubandakanyi izingqikithi ezijwayelekile ezicindezelayo. Abanye abantu bangase futhi bahlangane nenhlanganisela yazo zombili izingqikithi zemood-congruent nezingahambisani nemizwa ekukhohlisweni nasekuboneni kwabo imibono.

Izimpawu zanoma yiluphi uhlobo ziyingozi kakhulu, njengoba ukukhohlisa kanye nemibono engesabisi kungasabisa futhi kungakhuphula nengozi yokuzibulala. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni umuntu ukuthi angazilimazi yena noma abanye.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zokucindezeleka Kwengqondo?

Abantu abanokucindezeleka kwengqondo banezimpawu zokucindezeleka okukhulu kanye ne-psychosis.

Izimpawu zokudangala okukhulu zifaka:

• ukukhathala
• ukucasuka
• ubunzima bokugxila
• imizwa yokuphelelwa yithemba noma yokungakwazi ukuzisiza
• imizwa yokungabi nalutho noma ukuzizonda
• ukuzihlukanisa emphakathini
• ukuphelelwa yintshisekelo emisebenzini uma sekutholakele kumnandi
• ukulala kancane noma ngokweqile
• izinguquko ekudleni
• ukwehla kwesisindo ngokungazelelwe noma ukuzuza kwesisindo
• izinkulumo noma izinsongo zokuzibulala

I-Psychosis ibonakala ngokulahleka kokuxhumana neqiniso. Izimpawu ze-psychosis zibandakanya ukukhohlisa, noma izinkolelo zamanga nemibono engamanga, kanye nemibono, noma ukubona nokuzwa izinto ezingekho.

Abanye abantu baba nezinkolelo ezingamanga mayelana nempilo yabo, njengokukholelwa ukuthi banomdlavuza kanti akunjalo. Abanye bezwa amazwi ebagxeka, besho izinto ezinjengokuthi "awulungile ngokwanele" noma "awukufanele ukuphila."

Lokhu kuzikhohlisa nokusangana kubonakala kungokoqobo kumuntu obhekene nakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungadala ukuthi umuntu atatazele aze azilimaze yena noma abanye. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu onengcindezi yengqondo afune usizo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukuvimbela ukuzibulala

Uma ucabanga ukuthi othile usengozini ngokushesha yokuzilimaza noma ukulimaza omunye umuntu:

• Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni.
• Hlala nalo muntu kuze kufike usizo.
• Susa noma yiziphi izibhamu, imimese, imishanguzo, noma ezinye izinto ezingadala ingozi.
• Lalela, kodwa ungahluleli, uphikise, usongele, noma umemeze.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi othile ucabanga ukuzibulala, thola usizo enhlekeleleni noma ku-hotline yokuvimbela ukuzibulala. Zama i-National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku-800-273-8255.

Imithombo: I-National Suicide Prevention Lifeline kanye Ukusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa Nokuphathwa Kwezinsizakalo Zempilo Yengqondo

Yini Ebangela Ukucindezeleka Kwengqondo?

Isizathu esiqondile sokudangala kwengqondo asaziwa. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanomndeni noma umlando wabo wokuphazamiseka kwengqondo banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa ukucindezeleka kwengqondo. Isimo singenzeka sodwa noma sihambisane nesinye isimo sengqondo.

Abaphenyi bakholelwa futhi ukuthi inhlanganisela yezakhi zofuzo kanye nengcindezi kungathinta ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali athile ebuchosheni, okufaka isandla ekukhuleni kwengcindezi yengqondo. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo nakho kungadalwa izinguquko kubhalansi lamahomoni emzimbeni.

Kutholakala Kanjani Ukudangala Kwezingqondo?

Ukudangala kwengqondo kuyisimo esibi esingaholela umuntu ekuzilimaleni yena noma kwabanye. Umuntu obhekene nezimpawu zengqondo noma umnakekeli obona iziqephu zengqondo kufanele axhumane nodokotela wezempilo yengqondo ngokushesha.

Into yokuqala abazoyenza lapho bethola ukucindezeleka kwengqondo ukwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba bese bebuza imibuzo mayelana nezimpawu zomuntu nomlando wezokwelapha. Bazophinde benze ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo ukukhipha ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingaba khona. Uma umuntu enomlando womndeni wesifo se-bipolar, bangahlola iziqephu ze-manic noma ze-hypomanic. Ukuhlola okunjalo akuqinisekisi noma kwehlise amathuba okuba nenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, kodwa kungabasiza ukuthi bagweme ukuxilongwa okungafanele.

Bangasola ukucindezeleka kwengqondo uma umuntu ehlangabezana nezimpawu zokucindezeleka okukhulu kanye ne-psychosis. Kodwa-ke, kungaba nzima kubahlinzeki bokunakekela okuyisisekelo ukwenza ukuxilongwa okucacile. Izimpawu ze-psychosis kungenzeka zingabonakali, futhi abantu ababiki njalo ukuthi babhekana nokukhohliswa noma ukubona izinto ezingekho. Kulezi zimo, ukuhanjiswa kudokotela wezifo zengqondo kuyakhonjiswa.

Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi unesifo sokucindezeleka okukhulu, umuntu kufanele abe nesiqephu sokucindezeleka esihlala amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu. Kumele futhi babe nezimpawu ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu zalezi ezilandelayo:

• ukuyaluza noma ukuhamba kancane kwemoto
• ushintsho ekudleni noma isisindo
• imizwa ecindezelekile
• ubunzima bokugxila
• imizwa yecala
• ukulala kancane noma ukulala kakhulu
• ukungabi nentshisekelo noma injabulo ezintweni eziningi
• amazinga aphansi wamandla
• imicabango yokufa noma yokuzibulala

Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi unesifo sokucindezeleka kwengqondo, umuntu kufanele akhombise lezi zimpawu zokucindezeleka okukhulu kanye nezimpawu zengqondo, njengokukhohlisa kanye nemibono.

Kwelashwa Kanjani Ukucindezeleka?

Okwamanje azikho izindlela zokwelashwa ezivunyelwe yi-FDA ezikhethekile zokucindezelwa kwengqondo. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singelashwa ngenhlanganisela yemithi elwa nokudangala kanye ne-antipsychotic noma nge-electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Njenganoma yikuphi okunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, abantu nemindeni yabo kufanele baxoxe ngazo zonke izindlela zokwelashwa nomhlinzeki wabo wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo.

Ochwepheshe abaningi bezempilo yengqondo bazonquma inhlanganisela yama-anti-depressants kanye ne-antipsychotic. Le mithi ithinta ama-neurotransmitters ebuchosheni avame ukungalingani kubantu abanokucindezeleka kwengqondo. Ezimweni eziningi, i-serotonin reuptake inhibitor ekhethiwe (SSRI), efana ne-fluoxetine (Prozac), isetshenziswa kanye nenye yama-antipsychotic alandelayo:

• i-olanzapine (Zyprexa)
• i-quetiapine (iSeroquel)
• i-risperidone (Risperdal)

Kodwa-ke, le mithi ivame ukuthatha amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuthi iphumelele kakhulu.

Abanye abantu abanokucindezeleka kwengqondo bangase bangaphenduli emithini nakwabanye. Kulezi zimo, ukwelashwa kwe-electroconvulsive (ECT) kungadingeka ukukhulula izimpawu. Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-electroshock therapy, i-ECT ikhombisile ukuthi iyindlela ephephile nephumelelayo yokwelapha abantu abanemicabango yokuzibulala nezimpawu zokucindezeleka kwengqondo. Ngesikhathi se-ECT, esivame ukwenziwa ngudokotela wezifo zengqondo, imisinga kagesi ngamanani alawulwayo ithunyelwa ebuchosheni. Lokhu kudala ukubanjwa okuncane, okuthinta amazinga ama-neurotransmitters ebuchosheni bakho. I-ECT ivame ukwenziwa esibhedlela ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile.

Ezimweni ezinzima zokucindezeleka kwengqondo, ukwelashwa kungadingeka izinsuku ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwe imizamo yokuzibulala.

Uyini Umbono Womuntu Onokucindezeleka Kwengqondo?

Umbono womuntu onengcindezi yengqondo ungahluka ngokuya ngokuthi uluthola ngokushesha kangakanani ukwelashwa. Ezimweni eziningi, noma kunjalo, ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kungelashwa ngempumelelo. Uma unengcindezi yengqondo, kuzodingeka uphikelele ekwelashweni kwakho ngoba imithi idinga ukuphuzwa isikhathi eside ukuvimbela izimpawu ukuthi zingabuyi. Uzodinga futhi nokuya kuma-aphoyintimenti okulandelela ngokuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Ukuvimbela Kanjani Ukuzibulala

Ingozi yokuzibulala iphakeme kakhulu kubantu abanokucindezeleka kwengqondo kunalabo abanokucindezeleka kuphela. Shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela uma unemicabango yokuzibulala noma yokulimaza abanye. Ungashayela iNational Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku-1-800-273-TALK (8255). Baqeqeshe abasebenzi abakhona ukukhuluma nawe amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngesonto.