Yini Ebangela Ukuqubuka Kwami Nokubola, Umkhuhlane Ovuvukile?

-Delile

• Izimo ezibangela ukuqubuka nomphimbo obuhlungu, nezithombe
• Strep umphimbo
• Isifo sesihlanu
• Isifo sesandla, unyawo, nomlomo
• Imasisi
• Umkhuhlane obomvu
• Isifo Sabantu Abadala
• Igciwane le-West Nile
• Isifo sokuphefumula esibucayi (i-SARS)
• Uvendle
• I-Anaphylaxis
• I-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo
• Yini ebangela ukuqhuma nokuqaqamba komqala, ukuvuvukala komqala?
• Isifo sesihlanu
• I-Mononucleosis
• Ukudonsa umphimbo nomkhuhlane obomvu
• Isifo sesandla, unyawo, nomlomo
• Imasisi
• Isifo Sabantu Abadala
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-West Nile
• Abakwa-SARS
• Uvendle
• Ungalufuna nini usizo lwezokwelapha
• Uphathwa kanjani umqubuko nokuqaqamba, nokuvuvukala komphimbo?
• Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
• Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukuqubuka nomphimbo obuhlungu?

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Ukubuka konke komphimbo nokuqubuka

Umphimbo obuhlungu wenzeka lapho i-pharynx, noma umphimbo wakho, uvutha noma ucasuke.

Ukuqhuma kungukushintsha kwesikhumba noma umbala wesikhumba sakho. Ukuqhuma kungaruma futhi kukhuliswe, futhi kungadala ukuthi isikhumba siqhume, sibukeke sinesikhumba, noma sizwe sibuhlungu. Imvelo nokuqubuka kungakhombisa izimbangela ezingaba khona.

Izimo ezibangela ukuqubuka nomphimbo obuhlungu, nezithombe

Ukuqubuka nomphimbo yizimpawu ezivamile zokutheleleka okuningana nezinye izimo. Nazi izimbangela eziyi-11 ezingaba khona.

Isexwayiso: Izithombe zezithombe ngaphambili.

Strep umphimbo

• Lokhu kutheleleka kwamagciwane kubangelwa yi-group A Streptococcus bacteria.
• Idluliselwa ngokuxhumana namaconsi asatshalaliswa ukukhwehlela nokuthimula kwabantu abanegciwane.
• Imfiva, umunyu, umphimbo obomvu onamachashazi amhlophe, ubuhlungu bokugwinya, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukugodola, ukungathandi ukudla, nama-lymph node avuvukile entanyeni yizimpawu ezingaba khona.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ku-strep throat.

Isifo sesihlanu

• Ukuphathwa ikhanda, ukukhathala, umkhuhlane ophansi, umphimbo obuhlungu, ikhala eligijimayo, isifo sohudo, nesicanucanu
• Izingane zinamathuba amaningi kunabantu abadala ukuhlangabezana nokuqubuka
• Ukuqubuka okubomvu okukhanyayo ezihlathini
• Ukuqhuma kwephethini kaLacy ezingalweni, emilenzeni, nasemzimbeni ongaphezulu ongabonakala kakhulu ngemuva kokugeza okushisayo noma ukugeza

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngesifo sesihlanu.

Isifo sesandla, unyawo, nomlomo

• Imvamisa kuthinta izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5
• Amabhamuza abuhlungu, abomvu emlonyeni nasolimini nasezinsinini
• Izindawo ezibomvu eziphakeme noma eziphakeme ezisezintendeni zesandla naphansi kwezinyawo
• Amabala angavela futhi ezinqeni noma endaweni yesitho sangasese

Funda i-athikili ephelele esesandleni, ezinyaweni nasemlonyeni.

Imasisi

• Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, obomvu, amehlo anamanzi, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, ukukhwehlela nekhala eligijimayo
• Ukuqubuka okubomvu kusakazeka kusuka ebusweni phansi emzimbeni izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala
• Amabala amancane abomvu anezikhungo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka avela ngaphakathi emlonyeni

Funda udaba oluphelele ngesimungumungwane.

Umkhuhlane obomvu

• Kuvela ngasikhathi sinye noma ngemuva kwesifo se-strep throat
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba esibomvu emzimbeni wonke (kepha hhayi izandla nezinyawo)
• IRash yakhiwa ngamaqhuqhuvana amancane alenza lizwakale njenge- “sandpaper”
• Ulimi olubomvu ngokugqamile

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngomkhuhlane obomvu.

Isifo Sabantu Abadala

• Isifo i-Adult-onset isifo esidala ngokweqile esivuthayo esivame ukudala imfiva, ukukhathala, ukuqubuka nokuvuvukala emajoyinini, ezicutshini, ezithweni nakuma-lymph node.
• Kubonakala ngeziqephu zokuqhuma nokuxolelwa.
• Izimpawu zifaka nsuku zonke, imikhuhlane ephezulu ephindayo kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.
• Ukuqhuma okuphindaphindiwe okubomvana kungahle kuhambisane nemfiva.
• Isifo i-Adult-onset Still sibangela ukuvuvukala kwamalunga kanye nobuhlungu obuhlangene.
• Ezinye izimpawu zifaka ama-lymph node avuvukile, ubuhlungu besisu, umphimbo obuhlungu, ubuhlungu obuhambisana nokuphefumula okujulile, nokwehla kwesisindo ungahlosile.

Funda i-athikili ephelele mayelana nokugula kwabantu abadala i-Still's.

Igciwane le-West Nile

• Leli gciwane lidluliselwa ngokulunywa omiyane abanegciwane.
• Ukutheleleka kudala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene kusuka ekuguleni okuncane, okufana nomkhuhlane kuya kwi-meningitis ne-encephalitis.
• Imfiva, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu beqolo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, umphimbo obuhlungu, ama-lymph node avuvukele, nokuqubuka emhlane, esifubeni nasezingalweni ngezinye zezimpawu ezingaba khona.
• Izimpawu ezinzima zifaka ukudideka, ukuba ndikindiki, ukukhubazeka, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukundindizela, nezinkinga ngebhalansi.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngegciwane lasentshonalanga yeNayile.

Isifo sokuphefumula esibucayi (i-SARS)

• Le yifomu elibi kakhulu le-pneumonia yegciwane elibangelwa yi-SARS coronavirus.
• Idluliswa isuka kumuntu iye komunye umuntu ngokusebenzisa ukuhogela amathonsi avela ekukhwehleleni nasekuthimuleni komuntu onegciwane.
• Awekho amacala amasha akwa-SARS abikiwe kusukela ngo-2004.
• Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, ukugodola, ubuhlungu bomzimba, ikhanda, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, isifo sohudo, umphimbo obuhlungu, nekhala eligijimayo.

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngesifo esibucayi sokuphefumula (SARS).

Uvendle

• Uvendle yisifo esithathelwana kakhulu esibangelwa igciwane elihlasela isimiso sezinzwa futhi, ezimweni ezingavamile, lingadala ukukhubazeka.
• Ngenxa yokusungulwa komuthi wokugomela uvendle nohlelo lokuqeda nya uvendle emhlabeni wonke, amazwe aseMelika, iYurophu, iWestern Pacific, kanye neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia awanalo uvendle.
• Izimpawu nezimpawu zovendle olungakhubazeki zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuhlanza, ukukhathala, ne-meningitis.
• Izimpawu nezimpawu zikapoliyo okhubazekile zifaka phakathi ukulahleka kwemiqondo, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha, izitho ezixegayo nezishayayo, ukukhubazeka okungazelelwe nezitho zomzimba ezikhubazekile.

Funda i-athikili ephelele mayelana novendle.

I-Anaphylaxis

Lesi simo sithathwa njengesiphuthumayo kwezokwelapha. Kungadingeka ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

• Lokhu ukusabela okusongela impilo ekuvezweni kwe-allergen.
• Ukuqala okusheshayo kwezimpawu kwenzeka ngemuva kokuchayeka ku-allergen.
• Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifuba esandile, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala, umfutho ophansi wegazi, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuquleka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu yizimpawu ezingeziwe.

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-anaphylaxis.

I-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo

• I-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo ivame ukubangelwa igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV)
• Kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ezikoleni zamabanga aphakeme nasezifundweni zasekolishi
• Izimpawu zifaka imfiva, ukuvuvukala kwezindlala, umqala, ikhanda, ukukhathala, ukujuluka ebusuku, nobuhlungu bomzimba
• Izimpawu zingahlala izinyanga ezifika kwezingu-2

Funda i-athikili ephelele mayelana ne-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo.

Yini ebangela ukuqhuma nokuqaqamba komqala, ukuvuvukala komqala?

Ukuqhuma nomphimbo obuhlungu kungaba izimpendulo zokuvuvukala. Umzimba wakho ukhipha amakhemikhali abizwa ngama-histamines lapho uvezwa i-allergen. Ngenkathi lokhu kuhloselwe ukuba kube yindlela yokuvikela, ama-histamines angadala ukuqhuma kwesikhumba nomphimbo wokuvuvukala.

Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuqhuma nokuvuvukala komphimbo kanye nokuphefumula kanzima kungakhombisa ukusabela okusongela impilo okubizwa nge-anaphylaxis. I-Anaphylaxis imvamisa ingumphumela wokuchayeka entweni ethile eyaziwa ukuthi ingadala ukungezwani komzimba, njengokulunywa yinyosi noma ukudla okuthile.

Uma ukholwa ukuthi wena noma omunye umuntu okuzungezile ubhekene ne-anaphylaxis, shayela u-911 ngokushesha.

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane kanye namagciwane nakho kungadala ukuqhuma nomphimbo obuhlungu. Lokhu kungafaka okulandelayo:

Isifo sesihlanu

Isifo sesihlanu ukutheleleka ngegciwane okuvame ukuthinta izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kwengu-5 nengu-15. Umphimbo obuhlungu ungavela ekuqaleni kwesifo futhi uqhubekele ekuqubukeni ebusweni. Ibuye isabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, kufaka phakathi isifuba, emuva, izingalo nezinqe.

Ukuqhuma kungenzeka kakhulu ukukhula ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi ubudala.

Ngaphezu kokuqubuka nomphimbo obuhlungu, isifo sesihlanu singadala izimpawu ezinjengamakhaza kufaka phakathi ikhala eligobayo noma eligobayo. Ezinye izingane zinomkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi futhi zikhala ngekhanda.

Iningi lezingane lilulama ngokushesha. Awukho umuthi wokugomela isifo sesihlanu, kodwa inhlanzeko enhle njengokugeza izandla njalo kusiza ukunqanda ukusabalala kwesifo.

I-Mononucleosis

Ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi "isifo sokuqabula," lokhu kutheleleka ngegciwane kubangela umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukuqubuka, nokuvuvukala kwezitho zomzimba. I-Mononucleosis, noma i-mono, yisifo esithathelwanayo esisakazeka sisuka kumuntu siye komunye ngokuthintana namathe kanye namafinyila. Ungagula ngemuva kokuqabula umuntu onegciwane, noma wabelane ngezinto zokudla nokuphuza izingilazi nomuntu onegciwane.

Izimpawu zivame ukukhula emasontweni amane kuya kwayisithupha ngemuva kokuchayeka kuleligciwane. IMono ingelashwa ekhaya ngokuphumula okuningi nangemithi yezinhlungu ukuphatha umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, nekhanda.

Kodwa-ke, ukuqhuma kwesipele kuyinkinga engaba khona ye-mono, njenge-jaundice. Yana nodokotela ngokushesha uma uzwa ubuhlungu obubukhali, obubi engxenyeni engenhla yesisu sakho, noma uqaphele isikhumba sakho noma amehlo akho ephuzi.

Ukudonsa umphimbo nomkhuhlane obomvu

Ukuqhuma komphimbo kubangelwa iqembu A I-Streptococcus amagciwane. Isimo siqala ngomphimbo obuhlungu. Ezinye izimpawu ze-strep throat zifaka:

• amabala amhlophe emphinjeni
• izindlala ezivuvukele
• imfiva
• amalaka akhulisiwe
• ubunzima bokugwinya

Abanye abantu bangaba nezinhlungu zesisu, ikhanda, noma umkhuhlane.

Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuthola i-strep throat ngemuva kokuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-strep noma isiko lomphimbo. Ukwelashwa kuhilela inkambo yama-antibiotic.

Uma une-strep throat, usengozini yokuthola i-scarlet fever, ngenxa yobuthi begciwane. Isibonakaliso somkhuhlane obomvu kungukuqhuma okubomvu okukhanyayo emzimbeni wakho, okuzwakala njenge-sandpaper futhi kungahle kuhlube.

Abanye abantu abanomkhuhlane obomvu futhi banolimi lwe-sitrobheli, olubonakala lubomvu futhi lushaya.

Funa ukwelashwa uma usola umkhuhlane obomvu. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, amabhaktheriya angadlulela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba kubandakanya izinso, igazi namaphaphu. I-rheumatic fever iyinkinga yomkhuhlane obomvu futhi ingathinta inhliziyo yakho, amalunga, nesistimu yezinzwa.

Udokotela wakho uzokunika ama-antibiotic ukuze welaphe imfiva ebomvu.

Isifo sesandla, unyawo, nomlomo

Isandla, unyawo, nomlomo isifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu esibangelwa i-coxsackievirus. Isakazeka ngokuhlangana nezindawo ezingcoliswe indle noma ngokuxhumana namathe, uketshezi lokuphefumula, noma isitulo somuntu onesifo sesandla, sonyawo, nomlomo.

Izingane ezincane zisengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo. Izimpawu, kufaka phakathi umphimbo obuhlungu, imvamisa ziyakhanya kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10.

Imasisi

Imasisi yaziwa ngokuqubuka kwayo okutshela umzimba njengoba ukutheleleka kuqhubeka. Ezinye izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, njengomphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane, nekhala eligijimayo, nazo ziyavela ngaphezu kokuqubuka.

Alukho umuthi wokwelapha isimungumungwane, ngakho-ke into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuthola ukuphumula okuningi nokuphuza uketshezi. Ukugwema ukuthola isimungumungwane kwasekuqaleni, thola umuthi wokugomela isimungumungwane, imvukuzane, irubella (MMR).

Isifo Sabantu Abadala

Isifo i-Adult-onset Still (AOSD) isifo esingajwayelekile sokuvuvukala esinezimpawu eziyinhloko ezibandakanya umkhuhlane omkhulu, ubuhlungu bamalunga, kanye nokuqubuka okunombala osalimoni. I-AOSD nayo ingadala umphimbo obuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwama-lymph node.

I-ASOD ibonakala ngokuqhuma nokuxolelwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nesiqephu esisodwa kuphela kukho konke ukuphila, noma iziqephu eziningi ngesikhathi esibekiwe esifushane njengezinyanga ezimbalwa.

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-West Nile

Igciwane i-West Nile (WNV) lidluliswa ngokulunywa umiyane otheleleke ngaleli gciwane. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akubona bonke abantu abalunywe yilezi zimiyane abazothola i-WNV.

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezingu-14 ngemuva kokutheleleka futhi zingafaka:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• imfiva
• ikhanda
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba
• ama-lymph node avuvukile
• ukuqubuka esifubeni, esiswini, noma emuva

Indlela engcono yokuvikela ukutheleleka nge-WNV ukugcina isikhumba sakho simbozwe ngamahembe nemikhono emide, gqoka izinto ezixosha izinambuzane, futhi ususe noma yimaphi amanzi amile azungeze ikhaya lakho.

Abakwa-SARS

Isifo sokuphefumula esibucayi (i-SARS) yisifo semiphunga i-viral pneumonia eyaqala ukukhonjwa ngo-2003. Izimpawu ziyafana nezomkhuhlane futhi zingafaka:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• imfiva
• ukukhwehlela okomile
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukujuluka nokugodola ebusuku
• ukudideka
• isifo sohudo
• izinkinga zokuphefumula (cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngemuva kokutheleleka)

Abaphenyi basebenzela umuthi wokugoma we-SARS, kepha njengamanje alukho unyango oluqinisekisiwe. Awekho amacala abikiwe akwa-SARS.

Uvendle

Uvendle yigciwane elithelelwana kakhulu elihlasela isimiso sezinzwa futhi livame kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, njengomphimbo obuhlungu, yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu zikapholiyo. wamacala opholiyane azoholela ekukhubazekeni unomphela.

Ngenxa yomuthi wokugomela uvendle owathuthukiswa ngo-1953 kanye nohlelo lokuqeda nya uvendle emhlabeni jikelele ngo-1988, umhlaba omningi manje awusenalo uvendle. Izifunda zifaka:

• Amazwe aseMelika
• IYurophu
• I-Western Pacific
• ENingizimu-mpumalanga Asia

Kodwa-ke, uvendle lusekhona e-Afghanistan, Pakistan naseNigeria.

Ungalufuna nini usizo lwezokwelapha

Ukusabela okweqile okubangela ukuqhuma nokuvuvukala komphimbo kungahle kusuka kumnene kuya kokubi. Ukusabela okunzima kwaziwa njenge-anaphylaxis. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingathinta ukuphefumula. Funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma uthola lokhu kusabela.

Yenza ukuqokwa kukadokotela uma unemfiva enganciphi phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka ngegciwane noma igciwane. Futhi, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma ukuqubuka kuba ukuluma okungabekezeleleki, isikhumba sakho siqala ukuqhuma futhi sihlube, noma uzizwe uhlangabezana nesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.

Uphathwa kanjani umqubuko nokuqaqamba, nokuvuvukala komphimbo?

Ukwelashwa kokuqubuka nokuqaqamba komqala, ukuvuvukala komphimbo kuya ngesizathu. Isibonelo, imishanguzo ye-antihistamine ingelapha ukuqhuma nokuvuvukala komphimbo okubangelwa ukusabela okweqile. Ezimweni ezinzima, i-epinephrine ingasiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emphinjeni.

Ngenkathi ukutheleleka ngegciwane kungengelapheki ngemithi, ukutheleleka kwamagciwane kuyakwazi. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza ama-antibiotic ukunciphisa izimpawu zokutheleleka kwamagciwane nobude besikhathi.

Udokotela wakho futhi angahle anikeze noma anconyele i-lotion noma i-spray ukuze kunciphise ukulunywa nokungahambi kahle kusuka ekuqubukeni.

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Gwema ukuklwebheka ukuqubuka ukuze unciphise ukusabalala kwayo nokukuvimbela ekubeni kubi futhi ungenwe yigciwane. Gcina indawo yomile futhi ihlanzekile, usebenzisa insipho engenamanzi, emnene namanzi afudumele. Ukufaka i-calamine lotion noma ukhilimu we-hydrocortisone kungasiza ekunciphiseni nasekunciphiseni ukuqhuma.

Ukugaya ngamanzi anosawoti afudumele kungadambisa umphimbo obuhlungu. Ukuphumula nokuphuza uketshezi oluningi kungasiza ekulondolozeni amandla adinga ukwelashwa ngumzimba wakho.

Thatha umuthi kadokotela njengoba uyalelwe futhi uze uhambe ukuze ugweme ukubuyela emuva - noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono.

Uma uqala ukuvuvukala umphimbo ngokushesha futhi unenkinga yokuphefumula, kufanele uhlolwe ngokushesha egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukuqubuka nomphimbo obuhlungu?

Ukugeza izandla njalo kusiza ekulawuleni ukusabalala kwezifo. Lokhu kufaka hlamba izandla ngemuva kokuthimula, ngaphambi nangemva kokudla, nangemva kokuxhumana ngqo nabanye.

Ukugwema ukungezwani komzimba okuvamile njengezimonyo ezinamakha kakhulu nentuthu kagwayi kunganciphisa amathuba okuphendula.