Izici Zengozi Yezifo Ze-Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

-Delile

• Yiziphi izici ezinobungozi ze-CAD?
• Izici zobungozi ongeke ukwazi ukuzilawula
• Iminyaka nobulili
• Ubuhlanga
• Umlando womndeni
• Izici zobungozi ongazilawula
• Ukubhema
• Amazinga angavamile we-cholesterol
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba
• Ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele ngokweqile
• Isifo sikashukela
• Okufaka izinto ezinobungozi
• Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi ye-CAD

Ukubuka konke

Isifo senhliziyo siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kwabesilisa nabesifazane. I-Coronary artery disease (CAD) uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo senhliziyo.

Ngokusho kwe, abantu abangaphezu kwama-370,000 babulawa yi-CAD unyaka nonyaka e-United States. Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-CAD ukwakhiwa kwe-plaque emithanjeni ye-coronary.

Izici eziningi zingakwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-CAD. Ungakwazi ukulawula ezinye zalezi zinto. Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi.

Yiziphi izici ezinobungozi ze-CAD?

Izici zobungozi ongeke ukwazi ukuzilawula

Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi izinto ezinobungozi ongeke ukwazi ukuzilawula, ngoba ungakwazi ukuqapha imiphumela yazo.

Iminyaka nobulili

Ingozi yakho ye-CAD iyanda njengoba ukhula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uqwembe luyanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokusho kwengozi, ingozi yabesifazane inyuka lapho ineminyaka engama-55. Ingozi yabesilisa inyuka isineminyaka engama-45.

I-CAD iyinhlobo yesifo senhliziyo esivame kakhulu phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane e-United States. Abesilisa abamhlophe abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-35 nengama-44 cishe banamathuba aphindwe kayisithupha okufa nge-CAD kunabesifazane abamhlophe abakuleyo minyaka yobudala, ngokusho kokubuka konke kuka-2016. Umehluko mncane phakathi kwabantu abangekho mhlophe.

Izinga lokushona kwabesifazane liyakhula ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Ingozi yokufa yowesifazane evela ku-CAD ilingana noma inkulu kunengozi efanayo yendoda eneminyaka engama-75.

Izinga elithile lesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezingeni lemisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ejwayelekile ivame ukwenzeka njengoba abantu beguga. Lesi simo siyabonakala kumaphesenti angaphezu kwama-80 abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-80, ngokusho kuka-.

Izinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni njengoba uneminyaka yobudala zakha izimo ezenza kube lula ukuthi isifo senhliziyo sikhule. Isibonelo, izindonga zomthambo obushelelezi ngokwemvelo zingahle zibe nezindawo ezinzima ezinokugeleza kwegazi okungajwayelekile okuheha ukufakwa kwepuleti futhi kubangele ukuqina kwemithambo.

Ubuhlanga

E-United States, isifo senhliziyo siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kwezinhlanga eziningi. Ngokusho kwesifo senhliziyo sesibili kuphela kumdlavuza njengesizathu sokufa phakathi kwalaba:

• AmaNdiya aseMelika
• Abomdabu base-Alaska
• Abase-Asia-baseMelika
• Iziqhingi zase-Pacific

Ingozi yesifo senhliziyo iphakeme kwezinye izinhlanga kunezinye. Ngokusho kwe-US Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health (OMH), abesilisa nabesifazane base-Afrika nabaseMelika e-United States babenamathuba angamaphesenti angama-30 okubulawa yisifo senhliziyo, kufaka phakathi i-CAD, kunamadoda nabesifazane abamhlophe ababengewona amaSpanishi. ngo-2010.

Abesilisa nabesifazane abamhlophe abangewona amaSpanishi banezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo kunamaNdiya aseMelika kanye nabomdabu base-Alaska, ngokusho kwe-OMH.

Ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo kwezinye izinhlanga ihlotshaniswa namazinga akhuphukayo wegazi eliphakeme, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nesifo sikashukela. Lezi yizici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo.

Umlando womndeni

Isifo senhliziyo singahle sigijime emndenini. Ngokwe-World Heart Federation, ingozi yesifo senhliziyo yakho iyanda uma ilungu lomndeni eliseduze linezifo zenhliziyo. Ingozi yakho iyanda uma ubaba wakho noma umfowenu ethola ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-55, noma uma umama noma udadewenu ethola ukuxilongwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-65.

Ngokwengeziwe, uma bobabili abazali bakho babenezinkinga zesifo senhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka engama-55 ubudala, lokhu kuzokwenyusa kakhulu ubungozi besifo senhliziyo. Ungase futhi uzuze njengefa ukuthuthuka ekuthuthukiseni uhlobo 1 noma 2 sikashukela mellitus, noma esinye isifo noma isici esandisa ubungozi bakho be-CAD.

Izici zobungozi ongazilawula

Izici eziningi zobungozi be-CAD ziyalawuleka. Ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association (AHA), ungashintsha izinto eziyisithupha eziyingozi:

Ukubhema

Noma ungenazo ezinye izinto eziyingozi, ukubhema imikhiqizo kagwayi kuqala noma ngokwakho, kukhulisa ubungozi bakho be-CAD. Uma unezici zobungozi obukhona, ingozi yakho ye-CAD inyuka kakhulu. Kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ukubhema uma unomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo noma uma uphuza amaphilisi athile okuvimbela inzalo.

Amazinga angavamile we-cholesterol

I-cholesterol ephansi ye-lipoprotein (LDL) ephezulu kanye ne-low-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol yizinto ezingabonisa ubungozi obukhulu be-CAD. I-LDL kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge-cholesterol "embi". I-HDL kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge-cholesterol "enhle".

Amazinga aphezulu e-LDL namazinga aphansi we-HDL akhulisa ubungozi bakho bokwakha u-plaque emithanjeni yakho. Kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe lapho enye yalezi zinto ihambisana nezinga eliphezulu le-triglyceride.

Kuneziqondiso ezintsha ze-cholesterol kubantu abadala maqondana nalokho okubhekwa njengamazinga amukelekayo futhi ajwayelekile e-American College of Cardiology kanye neAmerican Heart Association. Imihlahlandlela emisha ifaka nendlela yokwelashwa elandelayo lapho amazinga e-cholesterol engavamile. Ukwelashwa kubheka uma unesifo senhliziyo noma izici zobungozi besifo senhliziyo.

Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukuhlola amazinga akho e-cholesterol egazini lakho ukuze abone ukuthi aphakeme kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu. Uma unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokungajwayelekile kwezinga le-cholesterol, udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa olusebenzayo.

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu

Umfutho wegazi isilinganiso sokucindezela emithanjeni yegazi lapho igazi ligeleza ngayo maqondana nokunyakaza kwenhliziyo kokumpompa noma ukuphumula. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kungadala ukuthi imisipha yenhliziyo ikhulise futhi ingahambi kahle.

Hlela ukugcina umfutho wegazi lakho ungaphansi kuka-120/80 mmHg. I-Systolic blood pressure iyinombolo ephezulu. Umfutho wegazi we-diastolic yinombolo engezansi.

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wesigaba 1 uchazwa njenge-systolic blood pressure ngaphezulu kwe-130 mmHg, i-diastolic blood pressure engaphezu kwe-80 mmHg, noma zombili. Uma unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi, i-AHA incoma ukuthi uqale ngezinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila ezingasiza ukwehlisa:

• Ukwehlisa isisindo uma ukhuluphele futhi ugcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Vocavoca umzimba njalo.
• Nciphisa inani lotshwala obudlayo.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo.
• Ungabhemi ugwayi.
• Phatha ukucindezeleka okunempilo.

Uma lezi zinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingakwehlisi umfutho wegazi ophakeme ziye ebangeni elinconyiwe, wena nodokotela wakho ningafuna ukuxoxa ngemithi engasiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi.

Ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kusiza ukwehlisa ubungozi be-CAD ngo:

• ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi
• ukukhulisa i-cholesterol ye-HDL
• eqinisa inhliziyo yakho ukuze isebenze kahle

Ukuzivocavoca futhi kukusiza ukuthi ugcine isisindo esinempilo futhi kunciphise ubungozi bezinye izifo, njengokukhuluphala kanye nesifo sikashukela, okungaholela ku-CAD.

Ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele ngokweqile

Ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele kwandisa ingozi ye-CAD ngokuphawulekayo. Ukuthwala isisindo esiningi kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela. Kuhlobene ngqo nokudla okungafanele nemikhuba yokusebenza ngokomzimba.

Ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele kuvame ukuchazwa ngokuya ngenkomba yomzimba (BMI). I-BMI yakho, isilinganiso sesisindo ukuphakama, kufanele ihlale phakathi kuka-18.5 no-24.9. I-BMI engama-25 noma ngaphezulu, ikakhulukazi uma unesisindo esiningi ngokweqile maphakathi nobubanzi bakho, inyusa ubungozi be-CAD.

Ngokwemihlahlandlela evela ku-AHA, abesifazane kufanele babe nohlangothi lwesinqe ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-35. Abesilisa kufanele babe nomjikelezo okhalweni ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-40.

I-BMI yakho ayiyona inkomba ephelele ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa ingaba wusizo. Ungasebenzisa i-intanethi noma ukhulume nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi isisindo sakho nempilo yakho ingathinta kanjani ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-CAD.

Isifo sikashukela

Isifo sikashukela yisimo lapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngendlela efanele noma ungakwazi ukwenza i-insulin eyanele. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni kube noshukela omningi egazini lakho. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ze-CAD zivame ukuhambisana nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kufaka phakathi ukukhuluphala kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.

I-glucose yakho yegazi yokuzila kufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-100 mg / dL. I-hemoglobin yakho engu-A1c (HbA1c) kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-5.7. I-HbA1C isilinganiso sokulawulwa kweglucose egazini lakho ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ezandulelayo. Uma ngabe ushukela wegazi lakho noma i-HbA1c yakho iphakeme kunalawo manani, usengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sikashukela noma kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele unesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuba ne-CAD.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese ulandela imiyalo yakhe yokugcina ushukela wegazi ulawulwa.

Okufaka izinto ezinobungozi

Ukuziphatha okuthile kungakhuphula nobungozi besifo senhliziyo, noma ngabe kungahlukaniswa njengezici zobungozi bendabuko. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kaningi kwemithi ethile esemthethweni nengekho emthethweni kungaholela ekutheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine ne-amphetamines kwandisa ingozi yokuba nesifo senhliziyo.

Ukuphuza ngokweqile kwandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Uma uphuza kakhulu noma usebenzisa izidakamizwa, cabanga ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezempilo yengqondo mayelana nokwelashwa noma izinhlelo zokukhipha ubuthi emzimbeni ukugwema izinkinga ezingaba yingozi empilweni.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi ye-CAD

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukwazi izici zakho zobungozi. Noma ungenamandla okuphatha ezinye zazo - njengobudala nezici zofuzo - kusese kuhle ukwazi ngazo. Ungaxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho futhi ubheke imiphumela yabo.

Ungashintsha ezinye izici. Nawa amanye amathiphu:

• Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqaphe umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga e-cholesterol yakho. Uma bengaphandle kwamazinga anconyiwe, cela izeluleko kudokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ungasiza kanjani ukuzinciphisa.
• Uma ubhema imikhiqizo kagwayi, yenza uhlelo lokuyeka.
• Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, xoxa nodokotela wakho ngohlelo lokunciphisa umzimba.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, cela udokotela wakho akusize ngokwenza uhlelo lokugcina izinga le-glucose yegazi lakho lilawulwa.

Ukuphatha izici zakho zobungozi be-CAD kungakusiza uphile impilo enempilo, esebenzayo.