Yini i-sarcoma, izinhlobo, izimbangela nokuthi injani indlela yokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-sarcoma
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma

I-Sarcoma uhlobo olungajwayelekile lwesimila olungabandakanya isikhumba, amathambo, izitho zangaphakathi nezicubu ezithambile, njengemisipha, imisipha kanye namafutha, isibonelo. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-sarcoma, ezingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngokuthi zivelaphi, njenge-liposarcoma, evela kwizicubu ze-adipose, ne-osteosarcoma, eqala ezicutshini zamathambo.

ISarcomas ingangena kalula kwezinye izindawo eziseduze nalapho ivela khona, okwenza ukwelashwa kube nzima kakhulu futhi kuxegise ikhwalithi yempilo yomuntu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwenziwe kusenesikhathi futhi, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kungasungulwa ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-sarcoma, ukuhlinzwa ukususa i-sarcoma futhi, kwezinye izimo, izikhathi ze-chemo noma i-radiotherapy.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-sarcoma

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-sarcomas ahlukaniswa ngokwendawo adabuka kuyo. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko yilezi:

• I-sarcoma ka-Ewing, engabonakala emathanjeni noma ezicutshini ezithambile futhi ivame kakhulu ezinganeni nasebekhulile, kuze kufike eminyakeni engama-20. Qonda ukuthi yini i-sarcoma ka-Ewing;
• I-sarcoma kaKaposi, okuthinta imithambo yegazi, kuholela ekubonakaleni kwezilonda ezibomvu esikhunjeni futhi kuhlotshaniswa nokutheleleka ngohlobo lweHerpesvirus yabantu uhlobo 8, HHV8. Funda ukubona izimpawu zeKaposi's Sarcoma;
• I-Rhabdomyosarcoma, ekhula emisipheni, emisipheni nasezicutshini ezixhuma, ivame kakhulu kubantu abasha kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-18;
• I-Osteosarcoma, lapho kuthinteka khona amathambo;
• I-Leiomyosarcoma, ekhula ezindaweni lapho kunemisipha ebushelelezi, engaba sesiswini, ezingalweni, emilenzeni noma esibelethweni, isibonelo;
• I-Liposarcoma, Ukuthuthukiswa kwakhe kuqala ezindaweni lapho kunezicubu ze-adipose. Funda kabanzi nge-liposarcoma.

Ezigabeni zokuqala ze-sarcoma ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu noma izimpawu, kepha njengoba i-sarcoma ikhula futhi ingena kwezinye izicubu nezitho, izimpawu zingahluka ziyehluka ngohlobo lwe-sarcoma. Ngakho-ke, kungaphawulwa ukukhula kwesigaxa esifundeni esithile somzimba esingahle sibe nobuhlungu noma singabi nabo, izinhlungu zesisu eziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuba khona kwegazi esitokisini noma ekuhlanzeni, ngokwesibonelo.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela zokukhula kwe-sarcoma ziyahlukahluka ngohlobo lwe-sarcoma, noma kunjalo, ngokujwayelekile, ukukhula kwe-sarcoma kwenzeka kalula kubantu abanezifo zofuzo, njenge-Li-Fraumeni Syndrome ne-Neurofibromatosis yohlobo I, bathole ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma i-radiation therapy noma une-virus yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza noma uhlobo lwe-Herpesvirus lomuntu 8.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo ze-sarcoma, njenge-rhabdomyosarcoma, ngokwesibonelo, zisengakhiwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lapho ingane isivele izalwe inamaseli amabi, futhi ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ukwelashwa ngemuva nje kokuzalwa. Funda kabanzi nge-rhabdomyosarcoma.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-sarcoma kwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-oncologist ngokuya ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-ultrasound kanye ne-tomography.

Uma kutholakala noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguqulwa, udokotela angancoma ukwenza i-biopsy, lapho isampula ye-sarcoma engenzeka isuswe futhi ithunyelwe elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe. Ukubukwa okuncane kwezinto eziqoqiwe kusivumela ukuthi sisho ukuthi ngabe iyahambelana yini ne-sarcoma, uhlobo lwayo kanye nezinga lobubi. Ngaleyo ndlela, udokotela angakhombisa ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma

Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma kuyahluka ngohlobo futhi, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhomba uhlobo lwe-sarcoma ukuze kuqalwe ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu, kugweme izinkinga.

Ukwelashwa okuvame ukukhonjiswa ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-sarcoma, kulandelwe ama-chemo nama-radiotherapy sessions ngohlobo lwe-sarcoma ekhonjwe. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba uma i-sarcoma ingena ezithweni nasezicutshini ezizungezile, ukuhlinzwa kuba nzima kakhulu.

Kwezinye izimo, lapho ubukhulu be-sarcoma bukhulu, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, amaseshini we-chemo kanye ne-radiotherapy angakhonjiswa ukwehlisa ubukhulu be-sarcoma futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukuhlinzwa kungasebenza kakhulu.