Ungasikhiphi: Kungani Isidingo Se-asthma Esinzima Sokunakekelwa Okungeziwe

-Delile

• Siyini isifuba somoya esibucayi?
• Yini ebangela i-asthma enamandla?
• Ukuthola nini usizo lwezokwelapha
• Izinkinga ze-asthma enamandla
• Ungayelapha kanjani i-asthma enamandla

Siyini isifuba somoya esibucayi?

Isifuba somoya yisifo esinciphisa umoya wakho, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula umoya. Lokhu kuholela ekubanjweni komoya, kukhuphule ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu akho. Ngenxa yalokho, kuba nzima ukuphefumula.

I-asthma ingadala izimpawu ezibandakanya:

• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukuphefumula - umsindo onempempe lapho uphefumula
• ukuphefumula okusheshayo
• ukukhwehlela

I-asthma yawo wonke umuntu yehlukile. Abanye abantu banezimpawu ezincane kuphela. Abanye banokuhlaselwa kaningi okunamandla ngokwanele ukubabeka esibhedlela.

Ukwelashwa kwesifuba somoya kuvimbela ukuhlaselwa futhi kulapheke lapho kuqala. Noma kunjalo cishe amaphesenti ama-5 kuye kwayishumi abantu abane-asthma ngeke bakuthole ukukhululeka, noma ngabe bathatha imithamo ephezulu yemithi. Isifuba somoya esingalawuleki emithini sibhekwa njengesibi kakhulu.

Isifuba somoya esibucayi siyelapheka, kepha sidinga izindlela zokwelashwa nokusekelwa okuhlukile kuleso se-asthma emnene noma elinganiselayo. Kubalulekile ukwelashwa, ngoba i-asthma enzima ingaholela ezinkingeni uma ungayibheki.

Funda ukuze ufunde ukuthi uzobona nini udokotela wakho futhi uthole ukuthi iziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ze-asthma enamandla.

Yini ebangela i-asthma enamandla?

Uma ngabe ubephuza umuthi wakho wesifuba somoya njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalile futhi usahlaselwa kaningi, ungahle ube nesifuba somoya. Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani ukwelashwa kwe-asthma okujwayelekile kungahle kunganele ukulawula izimpawu zakho.

• Izindlela zakho zomoya zivutha kangangokuba izidakamizwa zamanje azinamandla anele okwehlisa ukuvuvukala.
• Amakhemikhali adala ukuvuvukala emaphashini akho awaphenduli kunoma imuphi umuthi owudlayo.
• Uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe elibizwa nge-eosinophil lubangela i-asthma yakho. Imithi eminingi ye-asthma ayikhombi i-eosinophilic asthma.

Ubukhulu be-asthma yakho bungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungaqala nge-asthma emnene noma elinganiselayo, kepha ekugcineni ingahle ibe yimbi kakhulu.

Ukuthola nini usizo lwezokwelapha

Wena nodokotela wakho kufanele nibe nohlelo lokwenziwa yisifuba somoya. Lolu hlelo luchaza ukuthi ungayilapha kanjani i-asthma nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzilandele lapho izimpawu zakho ziqhamuka. Landela lolu hlelo noma nini lapho uhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.

Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngokwelashwa noma uhlaselwa kaningi, shayela udokotela wakho.

Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma:

• awukwazi ukubamba umoya wakho
• uphefumula kabi ukukhuluma
• ukushaya kwakho, ukukhwehlela nezinye izimpawu kuya ngokuya kuba kubi
• unokufundwa okuphansi kusiqaphi sakho sokugeleza kokuphakama
• izimpawu zakho azithuthuki ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho yokutakula

Izinkinga ze-asthma enamandla

Ukuhlasela njalo kwesifuba somoya kungashintsha ukwakheka kwamaphaphu akho. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-airway remodeling. Izindlela zakho zomoya ziba zimbi futhi zinciphise, kwenze kube nzima ukuphefumula ngisho noma ungenaso isifo se-asthma. Ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-Airway nakho kungakwenza ukuthi uhlaselwe yisifuba somoya kaningi.

Ukuphila nesifo somoya esibucayi iminyaka eminingi kungakhuphula nobungozi besifo samaphaphu esingapheliyo (COPD). Lesi simo sifaka iqoqo lezimo zamaphaphu njenge-emphysema ne-bronchitis engapheli. Abantu abane-COPD bakhwehlela kakhulu, bakhiqiza amafinyila amaningi, futhi banenkinga yokuphefumula.

Ungayelapha kanjani i-asthma enamandla

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwesifuba somoya umuthi wokulawula isikhathi eside nsuku zonke njenge-corticosteroid emuncuwe, kanye nemithi yokusiza ngokushesha ("yokutakula") efana nama-beta-agonists asebenza okwesikhashana ukumisa ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya lapho kwenzeka. Udokotela wakho uzokwandisa umthamo njengoba kudingeka ukuze ulawule izimpawu zakho. Uma ngabe i-asthma yakho ingalawulwa ngemithamo ephezulu yale mithi, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka omunye umuthi noma ukwelashwa.

Izidakamizwa ze-Biologic uhlobo olusha lomuthi wesifuba ohlose imbangela yezimpawu zakho. Zisebenza ngokuvimba ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali omzimba enza imizila yakho yomoya ivuvukale. Ukuthatha i-biologic kungakuvimbela ekutholeni ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya futhi kwenze ukuhlaselwa okwenzayo kube namandla kakhulu.

Izidakamizwa ezine ze-biologic zivunyelwe ukwelapha i-asthma enamandla:

• i-reslizumab (Cinqair)
• mepolizumab (Nucala)
• i-omalizumab (Xolair)
• i-benralizumab (Fasenra)

Udokotela wakho futhi angancoma enye yalezi ezinye zokwelapha zokwengeza i-asthma enamandla:

• I-Tiotropium (Spiriva) isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-COPD nokusiza ukulawula i-asthma.
• Izinguquko zeLeukotriene, njenge-montelukast (i-Singulair) ne-zafirlukast (i-Accolate), vimba ikhemikhali elinciphisa imigwaqo yakho yomoya ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.
• Amaphilisi e-steroid yehlisa ukuvuvukala ezindleleni zakho zomoya.
• I-thermoplasty ye-Bronchial inqubo yokuhlinza evula izindlela zakho zomoya.

Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukuthola inhlanganisela efanele yemithi ukuphatha izimpawu zakho. Ungahle udlule ezikhathini lapho i-asthma yakho iba yimbi kakhulu nezikhathi lapho ithuthuka khona. Namathela ekwelashweni kwakho, futhi wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma kungasebenzi ukuze uzame enye into.