Ungazibona Kanjani Izimpawu Zokudlula ngokweqile

-Delile

• 1. Izidakamizwa ezicindezelayo
• 2. Izidakamizwa ezishukumisayo
• 3. Amakhambi aphezu kwekhawunta

Ukweqisa ngokweqile kwenzeka lapho kusetshenziswa ukweqisa izidakamizwa, imithi noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinto, kungaba ngokungenisa, ukuhogela noma ukujova ngqo egazini.

Ezimweni eziningi, isimo sokudlula ngokweqile senzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwama-opioid, njengoba kunjalo nge-morphine noma i-heroin, ngakho-ke, izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zihlobene nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izinhlobo zemithi ezingadala ukweqisa, futhi kulezi zimo, izimpawu zingahluka, kuya ngohlobo lomuthi.

Akunandaba noma ngabe yiziphi izimpawu, noma nini lapho umuntu etholakala equlekile enezimpawu zokuthi ubesebenzisa izidakamizwa noma uhlobo oluthile lomuthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubiza usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, ukubiza u-192, noma ukuyisa lowo muntu esibhedlela, ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokweqile noma ngokushesha okukhulu. Bona ukuthi wenzeni uma kwenzeka ukweqisa izidakamizwa nokuthi ukwelashwa kwenziwa kanjani.

1. Izidakamizwa ezicindezelayo

Izidakamizwa ezicindezelayo yilezo ezinciphisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yezinzwa futhi, ngakho-ke, zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuthola ukuphumula.

Uhlobo oluyinhloko lwezidakamizwa ezicindezelayo ngama-opioid, afaka phakathi izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, njenge-heroin, kepha nama-analgesics ezinhlungu ezinzima kakhulu, njenge-codeine, i-oxycodone, i-fentanyl noma i-morphine, ngokwesibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa zokulwa nesifo sokuwa noma amaphilisi okulala nazo ziyingxenye yaleli qembu.

Uma usebenzisa lolu hlobo lwezidakamizwa, kungenzeka ukuthi ukweqisa ngokweqile kuhambisana nezimpawu ezinjenge:

• Ukuphefumula okuntekenteke noma ukuphefumula kanzima;
• Ukuhogela noma ukuphefumula, kukhombisa ukuthi kukhona okuvimba amaphaphu;
• Izindebe nemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• Ukungabi namandla nokulala ngokweqile;
• Abafundi abavaliwe kakhulu;
• Ukudideka;
• Ukwehla kwenhliziyo;
• Ukuquleka, akukho mpendulo lapho uzama ukunyakaza nokuvusa isisulu.

Noma ngabe ukweqisa izidakamizwa kutholakala ngesikhathi sokubiza usizo lwezokwelapha, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwalezi zidakamizwa nokungena esimweni sokudlula ngokweqile kungadala ukulimala okungapheli kobuchopho.

Endabeni yama-opioid, abanye abantu abasebenzisa njalo lezi zinhlobo zezinto bangaba ne- "anti-overdose kit", equkethe ipeni le-naloxone. INaloxone yisidakamizwa esilungisa imiphumela yama-opioid ebuchosheni futhi esingasindisa isisulu ekweqeni ngokweqile uma sisetshenziswa ngokushesha. Bona ukuthi ulisebenzisa kanjani leli khambi.

2. Izidakamizwa ezishukumisayo

Ngokungafani nezidakamizwa ezicindezelayo, izikhuthazi zinomthwalo wokwandisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yezinzwa, okubangela ukukhuthazeka, injabulo nokujabula. Lolu hlobo lwezinto lusetshenziswa kakhulu yintsha kanye nabantu abadala ukuthola imiphumela efana nokukhuphuka kwamazinga kagesi, isikhathi sokunaka, ukuzethemba nokuqashelwa.

Ezinye izibonelo yi-cocaine, i-methamphetamine, i-LSD noma i-ecstasy, ngokwesibonelo. Futhi izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile yilezi zinto zingabandakanya:

• Ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu;
• Ukudideka kwengqondo;
• Abafundi abahlanzekile;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Ikhanda elinamandla;
• Ukudlikizela;
• Imfiva;
• Ukunyuka kwenhliziyo;
• Ukuyaluza, ukuphambana, ukusangana;
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusebenzisa imishanguzo eminingana ngasikhathi sinye nokungadli kahle kwandisa nengozi yokweqisa nokufa.

3. Amakhambi aphezu kwekhawunta

Yize imishanguzo eminingi yamakhasimende, efana neParacetamol noma i-Ibuprofen, iphephe kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kokuqondiswa njalo ngabezempilo, futhi ingadala ukweqisa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi okungenani ube nezeluleko zokwelashwa ngaphambi kokuthi ungasebenzisa muphi umthamo, ikakhulukazi endabeni yezingane.

Elinye lamacala avame kakhulu ukweqisa ngokweqile kweParacetamol, okuvame ukwenziwa ngabantu abazama ukuzibulala. Lolu hlobo lomuthi lubangela ukulimala kwesibindi okukhulu lapho lusetshenziswa kumithamo ephakeme kakhulu kunalokho okukhonjisiwe, ngakho-ke, izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu ohlangothini olungakwesokudla kwesisu;
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• Isiyezi esinamandla;
• Ukudlikizela;
• Ukuquleka.

Ngokuya ngomthamo osetshenziswe ukweqisa izidakamizwa, izimpawu zingathatha izinsuku ezifika kwezimbili noma ezi-3 ukuthi zivele, noma kunjalo, izilonda zikhula esibindini selokhu kungene umuthi. Ngakho-ke, noma nini lapho ngephutha uthatha umthamo ophakeme, kufanele uye esibhedlela, noma ngabe zingekho izimpawu.