Isitebele Angina

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-angina ezinzile?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-angina ezinzile?
• Yiziphi izinto ezinobungozi be-angina ezinzile?
• I-angina ezinzile itholakala kanjani?
• Ngabe i-angina ezinzile iphathwa kanjani?
• Indlela Yokuphila
• Imithi
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-angina ezinzile?

Yini i-angina ezinzile?

I-Angina uhlobo lobuhlungu besifuba obubangelwa ukwehla kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni. Ukuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi kusho ukuthi imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ayitholi i-oxygen eyanele. Ubuhlungu buvame ukubangelwa umsebenzi womzimba noma ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo.

I-angina eqinile, ebizwa nangokuthi i-angina pectoris, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-angina. I-angina ezinzile yiphethini ebikezelayo yobuhlungu besifuba. Imvamisa ungalandelela iphethini ngokuya ngalokho okwenzayo lapho uzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni sakho. Ukulandelela i-angina ezinzile kungakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho kalula.

I-angina engazinzile ingenye indlela ye-angina. Kwenzeka ngokungazelelwe futhi kuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kungagcina kuholele ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo.

Yize i-angina ezinzile ingaphansi kakhulu kune-angina engazinzile, ingaba buhlungu futhi ingakhululeki. Zombili lezi zinhlobo ze-angina ngokuvamile ziyizimpawu zesimo senhliziyo esingaphansi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho unezimpawu.

Yini ebangela i-angina ezinzile?

I-angina eqinile yenzeka lapho imisipha yenhliziyo ingayitholi i-oxygen edinga ukusebenza kahle. Inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanzima lapho uzivocavoca noma uhlangabezana nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo.

Izici ezithile, njengokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi (i-atherosclerosis), zingavimbela inhliziyo yakho ekutholeni umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Imithambo yakho yemithambo ingaba mincane futhi iqine lapho uqweqwe (into eyenziwe ngamafutha, i-cholesterol, i-calcium nezinye izinto) lakha ngaphakathi kwezindonga zomthambo. Amahlule egazi angaphinde avimbe imithambo yakho futhi anciphise ukuhamba kwegazi elinomoya-mpilo liye enhliziyweni.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-angina ezinzile?

Ukuzwa okubuhlungu okwenzeka ngesikhathi sesiqephu se-angina ezinzile kuvame ukuchazwa njengokucindezela noma ukugcwala maphakathi nesifuba. Ubuhlungu bungazizwa njengephini elicindezela isifuba sakho noma njengesisindo esindayo esilele esifubeni sakho. Lobu buhlungu bungasabalala busuke esifubeni sakho buye entanyeni, ezingalweni nasemahlombe.

Ngesikhathi sesiqephu se-angina esizinzile, ungahle uhlangabezane nalokhu:

• ukuphelelwa umoya
• isicanucanu
• ukukhathala
• isiyezi
• ukujuluka okukhulu
• ukukhathazeka

I-angina ezinzile ivame ukwenzeka ngemuva kokuzikhandla kwakho ngokomzimba. Izimpawu zivame ukuba zesikhashana, zihlala kuze kube yimizuzu eyi-15 ezimweni eziningi. Lokhu kwehlukile kwi-angina engazinzile, lapho ubuhlungu bungaqhubeka khona futhi buqine kakhulu.

Ungaba nesiqephu se-angina ezinzile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nezimpawu ekuseni.

Yiziphi izinto ezinobungozi be-angina ezinzile?

Izici zobungozi be-angina ezinzile zifaka:

• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• ukuba nomlando wesifo senhliziyo
• ukuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• ukuba nesifo sikashukela
• ukubhema
• ukungazivocavoci umzimba

Ukudla okukhulu, ukuvivinya umzimba ngamandla, nesimo sezulu esishisayo noma esishisayo kakhulu nakho kungadala i-angina ezinzile kwezinye izimo.

I-angina ezinzile itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha bese usebenzisa izivivinyo ukuthola i-angina ezinzile. Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• i-electrocardiogram: ilinganisa umsebenzi kagesi osenhliziyweni yakho futhi ihlole isigqi senhliziyo yakho
• angiography: uhlobo lwe-X-ray oluvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone imithambo yakho yegazi futhi alinganise ukugeleza kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni yakho

Lezi zivivinyo zinganquma ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle yini nokuthi imiphi imithambo yegazi ivinjiwe.

Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwengcindezi, udokotela wakho uzoqapha isigqi senhliziyo yakho nokuphefumula ngenkathi uzivocavoca umzimba. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola lunganquma ukuthi ngabe ukuvivinya umzimba kudala izimpawu zakho.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase ahlole ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukukala amazinga akho e-cholesterol nama-C-reactive protein (CRP). Amazinga aphezulu e-CRP angakhuphula ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Ngabe i-angina ezinzile iphathwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kwe-angina ezinzile kufaka phakathi izinguquko zokuphila, imithi, nokuhlinzwa. Imvamisa ungabikezela ukuthi ubuhlungu buzokwenzeka nini, ngakho ukunciphisa ukuzikhandla komzimba kungasiza ukuphatha ubuhlungu besifuba sakho. Xoxa nodokotela wakho ngenqubo yakho yokuzivocavoca nokudla ukuze ubone ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani indlela yakho yokuphila ngokuphepha.

Indlela Yokuphila

Ukulungiswa kwendlela ethile yokuphila kungasiza ekuvimbeleni iziqephu ezizayo ze-angina ezinzile. Lezi zinguquko zingabandakanya ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo nokudla ukudla okunempilo okusanhlamvu okuphelele, izithelo nemifino. Kufanele futhi uyeke ukubhema uma ubhema.

Le mikhuba inganciphisa nengozi yakho yokuthola izifo ezingamahlalakhona (zesikhathi eside), njengesifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol ephezulu nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Lezi zimo zingathinta i-angina ezinzile futhi ekugcineni ingaholela esifweni senhliziyo.

Imithi

Umuthi obizwa nge-nitroglycerin uqeda ngempumelelo ubuhlungu obuhambisana ne-angina ezinzile. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ingakanani i-nitroglycerin okufanele uyithathe lapho unesiqephu se-angina.

Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uthathe eminye imithi ukuphatha izimo ezingaphansi ezifaka isandla ku-angina ezinzile, njenge-high blood pressure, cholesterol ephezulu, noma isifo sikashukela. Tshela udokotela wakho uma unanoma iyiphi yalezi zimo. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imishanguzo ethile engasiza ekuqiniseni umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, namazinga e-glucose. Lokhu kuzokwehlisa ubungozi bokuhlangabezana neziqephu eziningi ze-angina.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza nemithi yokuncipha igazi ukuvimbela amahlule egazi, okuyisici esinomthelela ku-angina ezinzile.

Ukuhlinzwa

Inqubo encane yokuhlasela ebizwa nge-angioplasty ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-angina ezinzile. Phakathi nale nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ubeka ibhaluni elincane ngaphakathi komthambo wakho. Ibhaluni ligcwele ukukhulisa umthambo, bese kufakwa i-stent (ikhoyili elincane locingo). I-stent ibekwe unomphela emthanjeni wakho ukugcina indlela ivulekile.

Imithambo evinjiwe ingadinga ukulungiswa ngokuhlinzwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ubuhlungu besifuba. Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile kungenziwa ukwenza umthambo we-coronary bypass graft. Lokhu kungadingeka kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-angina ezinzile?

Umbono wabantu abane-angina ezinzile ngokuvamile muhle. Isimo sivame ukuba ngcono ngemithi. Ukwenza ushintsho oluthile lwendlela yokuphila nakho kungagcina izimpawu zakho zingabi zimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka:

• ukugcina isisindo esinempilo
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo
• ukugwema ukubhema
• ukudla ukudla okunomsoco

Ungaqhubeka ulwa nobuhlungu besifuba uma ungakwazi ukushintshela empilweni enempilo. Ungase ube sengozini eyengeziwe yezinye izinhlobo zesifo senhliziyo. Izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-angina ezinzile zifaka phakathi isifo senhliziyo, ukufa okungazelelwe okubangelwa isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile, kanye ne-angina engazinzile. Lezi zinkinga zingakhula uma i-angina ezinzile ishiywa ingalashwa.

Kubalulekile ukubiza udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-angina ezinzile.