Kuyini iStockholm Syndrome futhi Kuthinta Ubani?

-Delile

• Yini i-Stockholm syndrome?
• Uyini umlando?
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Izimpawu ze-Stockholm syndrome
• Izibonelo ze-Stockholm syndrome
• Amacala aphezulu
• I-Stockholm syndrome emphakathini wanamuhla
• I-Stockholm syndrome nayo ingavela kulezi zimo
• Ukwelashwa
• Okubalulekile

IStockholm syndrome ivame ukuxhunyaniswa nokuthunjwa kwephrofayili ephezulu kanye nezimo zokubanjwa. Ngaphandle kwamacala adumile obugebengu, abantu abavamile nabo bangakhula nalesi simo sengqondo ngokuphendula izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlukumezeka.

Kule ndatshana, sizobhekisisa ukuthi iyini ngempela i-Stockholm syndrome, ukuthi yaba kanjani negama layo, izinhlobo zezimo ezingaholela kothile othuthukisa le syndrome, nokuthi yini engenziwa ukuyelapha.

Yini i-Stockholm syndrome?

IStockholm syndrome iyimpendulo engokwengqondo. Kwenzeka lapho abathumbi noma abahlukumeza abahlukumezekile behlangana nabathumbi babo noma abahlukumezi. Lokhu kuxhumana kwengqondo kukhula ngokuqhubeka kwezinsuku, amasonto, izinyanga, noma neminyaka yokuthunjwa noma yokuhlukunyezwa.

Ngalesi sifo, abathumbi noma abahlukunyezwayo bangafika bazwelane nabathumbi babo. Lokhu kuphambene nokwesaba, ukwesaba, nokudelela okungalindelwa kulabo abahlukumezekile kulezi zimo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezinye izisulu ziye zihlakulele imizwa emihle ngabathumbi bazo. Bangase baqale ngisho nokuzizwa sengathi banezinhloso ezifanayo nezimbangela ezifanayo. Isisulu singase siqale ukuhlakulela imizwa emibi ngamaphoyisa noma iziphathimandla. Bangacasukela noma ngubani okungenzeka uzama ukubasiza ukuba babalekele isimo esiyingozi abakuso.

Lokhu kuphazamiseka akwenzeki ngakho konke ukuthunjwa noma isisulu, futhi akucaci ukuthi kungani kwenzeka uma kwenzeka.

Ochwepheshe abaningi bezengqondo nabasebenza kwezokwelapha babheka iStockholm syndrome njengendlela yokubhekana nayo, noma indlela yokusiza izisulu ukuba zibhekane nokuhlukumezeka kwesimo esesabekayo. Ngempela, umlando we-syndrome ungasiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani kunjalo.

Uyini umlando?

Iziqephu zalokho okwaziwa njenge-Stockholm syndrome kungenzeka ukuthi zenzeke amashumi amaningi eminyaka, noma amakhulu eminyaka. Kepha kwaze kwaba ngo-1973 lapho le mpendulo yokuvalelwa noma ukuxhashazwa yaqanjwa khona.

Yilapho amadoda amabili abamba khona abantu abane izinsuku eziyisithupha ngemuva kokubanjwa inkunzi kwebhange eStockholm, eSweden. Ngemuva kokukhululwa kwabathunjiwe, benqaba ukufakaza ngabathumbi babo futhi baqala nokuqoqa imali yokuzivikela.

Ngemuva kwalokho, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo kanye nochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo babela igama elithi "Stockholm syndrome" esimweni esenzeka lapho abathunjiwe beba nokuxhumana ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo nabantu abababambile.

Yize saziwa kahle, kepha, iStockholm syndrome ayibonwa uhlelo olusha lweDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Leli bhukwana lisetshenziswa ngochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo nabanye ochwepheshe ukuthola ukuphazamiseka kwezempilo yengqondo.

Ziyini izimpawu?

I-Stockholm syndrome yaziwa ngemicimbi noma “izimpawu” ezintathu ezihlukene.

Izimpawu ze-Stockholm syndrome

1. Isisulu siba nemizwa emihle ngomuntu obabambile noma ebahlukumezayo.
2. Isisulu siba nemizwa engemihle ngamaphoyisa, abasemagunyeni, noma kunoma ngubani ongazama ukubasiza ukuba babalekele abathumbi babo. Bangaze benqabe nokubambisana ngokumelene nomthumbi wabo.
3. Isisulu siqala ukubona ubuntu bomthumbi wabo futhi sikholwe ukuthi banezinhloso nezindinganiso ezifanayo.

Le mizwa ivame ukwenzeka ngenxa yesimo esingokomzwelo nesikhokhiswe kakhulu esenzeka ngesikhathi sesimo sokubanjwa noma umjikelezo wokuhlukumeza.

Isibonelo, abantu abathunjiwe noma abathunjiwe bavame ukuzizwa besongelwa ngabathumbi babo, kepha futhi bathembele kakhulu kubo ukuze baphile. Uma umthumbi noma umhlukumezi ebakhombisa umusa othile, bangaqala ukuzwa imizwa emihle ngalowo obathumbile ngalolu "bubele".

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lowo mbono uqala ukubumba kabusha futhi uphazamise ukuthi bambuka kanjani umuntu obagcina ebathumbile noma ebahlukumeza.

Izibonelo ze-Stockholm syndrome

Ukuthumba okuningana okuvelele kuholele eziqeshini eziphakeme ze-Stockholm syndrome kufaka phakathi lezo ezibalwe ngezansi.

Amacala aphezulu

• UPatty Hearst. Mhlawumbe edume kakhulu, umzukulu kasomabhizinisi nomshicileli wephephandaba uWilliam Randolph Hearst wathunjwa ngo-1974 yi-Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA). Ngesikhathi eboshiwe, walahla umndeni wakhe, waqamba igama elisha, wajoyina iSLA ngokugebenga amabhange. Kamuva, u-Hearst waboshwa, futhi wasebenzisa iStockholm syndrome njengesivikelo ecaleni lakhe. Lokho kuvikela akuzange kusebenze, futhi wagwetshwa iminyaka engu-35 ejele.
• Natascha Kampusch. Ngo-1998, ngaleso sikhathi uNatascha owayeneminyaka eyishumi ubudala wathunjwa futhi wagcinwa ngaphansi komhlaba egumbini elimnyama, elifakwe ngokhuni. Umthumbi wakhe, uWolfgang Přiklopil, wambamba iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-8. Ngaleso sikhathi, wambonisa umusa, kodwa futhi wamshaya futhi wamsongela ngokumbulala. UNatascha wakwazi ukubaleka, futhi uPřiklopil wazibulala. Ama-akhawunti wezindaba ngaleso sikhathi abika ukuthi uNasascha "wakhala ngokungathuthuzeleki."
• UMary McElroy: Ngo-1933, amadoda amane abamba uMary oneminyaka engu-25 ekhonjwe ngesibhamu, ambopha ngamaketanga ezindongeni endlini esepulazini elahliwe, futhi afuna ngenhlawulo emndenini wakhe. Lapho ededelwa, wazabalaza ukubiza abathumbi bakhe ecaleni labo elalandela. Ubuye waveza obala ukuzwelana nabo.

I-Stockholm syndrome emphakathini wanamuhla

Ngenkathi i-Stockholm syndrome ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nesimo sokuthunjwa noma sokuthumba, empeleni singasebenza kwezinye izimo nobudlelwano.

I-Stockholm syndrome nayo ingavela kulezi zimo

• Ubudlelwano obuhlukumezayo. kukhombisile ukuthi abantu abahlukunyezwayo bangaba nokuthintana okungokomzwelo nomhlukumezi wabo. Ukuhlukumeza ngokocansi, ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, kanye nokulala nesihlobo, kungahlala iminyaka. Ngalesi sikhathi, umuntu angahlakulela imizwa emihle noma uzwelo kumuntu omhlukumezayo.
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezingane. Abahlukumezi bavame ukusongela izisulu zabo ngokubalimaza, ngisho nokufa. Izisulu zingazama ukugwema ukucasula umhlukumezi wazo ngokuthobela. Abahlukumezi futhi bangakhombisa umusa ongabonakala njengomuzwa wangempela. Lokhu kungaphinde kudidise ingane futhi kuholele ekutheni bangabuqondi ubudlelwano obubi bobudlelwano.
• Ukuhweba ngokushushumbisa ngokocansi. Abantu abashushumbiswa bavame ukuthembela kubahlukumezi babo ukuthola izidingo, njengokudla namanzi. Lapho abahlukumezi benikeza lokho, isisulu singaqala sibhekise ngakumhlukumezi waso. Bangaphikisana nokusebenzisana namaphoyisa ngokwesaba ukuphindiselwa noma bacabanga ukuthi kufanele bavikele abahlukumezi babo ukuze bazivikele.
• Ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo. Ukuzibandakanya kwezemidlalo kuyindlela enhle yokuthi abantu bakhe amakhono nobudlelwano. Ngeshwa, obunye balobo budlelwano ekugcineni bungaba bubi. Izindlela zokuqeqesha ezinzima zingaze zihlukumeze. Lo msubathi angazitshela ukuthi ukuziphatha komqeqeshi wakhe kungokwenzuzo yabo, futhi lokhu, ngokocwaningo lwango-2018, ekugcineni kungaba uhlobo lwe-Stockholm syndrome.

Ukwelashwa

Uma ukholwa ukuthi wena noma umuntu omaziyo uthuthukise i-Stockholm syndrome, ungathola usizo. Esikhathini esifushane, ukwelulekwa noma ukwelashwa ngokwengqondo kokugula okwenzeka ngemuva kwengozi kungasiza ekunciphiseni izingqinamba ezisheshayo ezihambisana nokululama, njengokukhathazeka nokudangala.

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo isikhathi eside kungakusiza futhi noma umuntu omthandayo ukuthi alulame.

Izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo kanye nezengqondo zingakufundisa izindlela zokubhekana nempilo namathuluzi okuphendula ukukusiza uqonde ukuthi kwenzekeni, kungani kwenzeke, nokuthi ungaya kanjani phambili. Ukwabela kabusha imizwa emihle kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi okwenzekile bekungelona iphutha lakho.

Okubalulekile

IStockholm syndrome iqhinga lokubhekana nesimo. Abantu abahlukunyezwayo noma abathunjiwe bangayithuthukisa.

Ukwesaba noma ukwesaba kungajwayeleka kakhulu kulezi zimo, kepha abanye abantu baqala ukwakha imizwa emihle ngothumbile noma kumhlukumezi wabo. Kungenzeka bangafuni ukusebenzisana namaphoyisa noma baxhumane nawo. Bangase babe manqikanqika ngisho nokuvulela umhlukumezi wabo noma othumbe.

IStockholm syndrome ayisona isifo esisemthethweni sokuxilongwa kwezempilo yengqondo. Esikhundleni salokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi kuyindlela yokubhekana nesimo. Abantu abahlukunyezwayo noma abashushumbiswa noma abayizisulu zokulalana kwezihlobo noma ukwesaba bangakhula ngakho. Ukwelashwa okufanele kungasiza kakhulu ekululameni.