Izimpawu eziyi-10 zokutheleleka ngamaphaphu

-Delile

• Zenzeka kanjani izifo
• Izimpawu
• 1. Ukukhwehlela okukhiqiza amafinyila aminyene
• 2. Ukugwaza izinhlungu zesifuba
• 3. Umkhuhlane
• 4. Ubuhlungu bomzimba
• 5. Amakhala agijimayo
• 6. Ukuphefumula kancane
• 7. Ukukhathala
• 8. Ukububula
• 9. Ukubukeka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma kwezindebe
• 10. Imisindo yokuqhaqhazela noma yokuxokozela emaphashini
• Izimbangela
• Ukuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Izinsana
• Izingane
• Abantu abadala
• Ukuvimbela
• Okubalulekile

Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kungabangelwa igciwane, amabhaktheriya, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kube yikhunta.

Enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezifo zamaphaphu ibizwa ngokuthi i-pneumonia. I-pneumonia, ethinta izikhwama zomoya ezincane zamaphaphu, ivame ukubangelwa amagciwane athathelanayo, kepha futhi ingabangelwa igciwane. Umuntu utheleleka ngokuphefumula kubhaktheriya noma igciwane ngemuva kokuba umuntu oseduze onegciwane ethimule noma ekhwehlela.

Zenzeka kanjani izifo

Lapho amashubhu amakhulu e-bronchial ahambisa umoya aya noma asuka emaphashini akho etheleleka, kuthiwa yi-bronchitis. I-bronchitis inamathuba amaningi okubangelwa igciwane kunamagciwane.

Amagciwane nawo angahlasela amaphaphu noma amaphaseji omoya aholela emaphashini. Lokhu kubizwa nge-bronchiolitis. I-bronchiolitis enegciwane ivame ukwenzeka ezinganeni.

Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu njenge-pneumonia kuvame ukuba mnene, kepha kungaba kubi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka noma izimo ezingalapheki, njengesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD).

Funda ukuze ufunde ngezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokutheleleka kwamaphaphu nokuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa ongayilindela uma unayo.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwamaphaphu ziyahlukahluka kusuka kumnene kuya kokubi. Lokhu kuncike ezicini eziningana, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yakho nempilo yonke, nokuthi ngabe ukutheleleka kubangelwa igciwane, ibhaktheriya noma ukhunta. Izimpawu zingafana nezomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, kepha zivame ukuhlala isikhathi eside.

Uma unesifo samaphaphu, nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazilindela:

1. Ukukhwehlela okukhiqiza amafinyila aminyene

Ukukhwehlela kusiza ukususa emzimbeni wakho amafinyila akhiqizwa ukuvuvukala kwemigwaqo yomoya namaphaphu. Le mucus ingaqukatha negazi.

Nge-bronchitis noma i-pneumonia, ungahle ube nokukhwehlela okukhiqiza amafinyila aminyene angaba nombala ohlukile, kufaka phakathi:

• kucace
• okumhlophe
• luhlaza okotshani
• okuphuzi-mpunga

Ukukhwehlela kungahlala amasonto ambalwa noma ngabe ezinye izimpawu sezithuthukile.

2. Ukugwaza izinhlungu zesifuba

Ubuhlungu besifuba obubangelwa ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kuvame ukuchazwa njengokucija noma ukugwaza. Ubuhlungu besifuba buye buba bucayi ngenkathi ukhwehlela noma uphefumula ngokujulile. Kwesinye isikhathi izinhlungu ezibukhali zingazwakala maphakathi nendawo kuya enhla emuva.

3. Umkhuhlane

Umkhuhlane uvela lapho umzimba wakho uzama ukulwa nokutheleleka. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba elijwayelekile cishe lizungeze u-98.6 ° F (37 ° C).

Uma unegciwane lesifo samaphaphu, umkhuhlane wakho ungakhuphuka ufike ku-105 ° F (40.5 ° C) oyingozi.

Noma yimuphi umkhuhlane ophakeme ongaphezu kuka-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) uvame ukuholela kwezinye izimpawu eziningi, njenge:

• ukujuluka
• Ukugodola
• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• ukoma komzimba
• ikhanda
• ubuthakathaka

Kufanele ubone udokotela uma umkhuhlane wakho ungaphezu kuka-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) noma uma uhlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu.

4. Ubuhlungu bomzimba

Imisipha yakho nomhlane kungabuhlungu lapho unesifo samaphaphu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-myalgia. Kwesinye isikhathi ungakhula ukuvuvukala emisipheni yakho nakho okungaholela ekuqaqeni komzimba lapho unesifo.

5. Amakhala agijimayo

Ikhala eligobayo nezinye izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, njengokuthimula, zivame ukuhambisana nokutheleleka kwamaphaphu njenge-bronchitis.

6. Ukuphefumula kancane

Ukuphefumula okuncane kusho ukuthi uzizwa sengathi ukuphefumula kunzima noma ukuthi awukwazi ukuphefumula ngokuphelele. Kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.

7. Ukukhathala

Imvamisa uzozizwa uvila futhi ukhathele njengoba umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka. Ukuphumula kubalulekile ngalesi sikhathi.

8. Ukububula

Lapho ukhipha umoya, ungezwa umsindo onempempe ophakeme owaziwa ngokuthi ukuvunguzela. Lo ngumphumela womoya omncane noma ukuvuvukala.

9. Ukubukeka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma kwezindebe

Izindebe noma izinzipho zakho zingaqala ukubonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala ngenxa yokushoda komoya-mpilo.

10. Imisindo yokuqhaqhazela noma yokuxokozela emaphashini

Esinye sezibonakaliso zesifo sokutheleleka kwamaphaphu umsindo oklabalasayo phansi kwamaphaphu, owaziwa nangokuthi ama-bibasilar crackles. Udokotela angayizwa le misindo esebenzisa ithuluzi elibizwa nge-stethoscope.

Izimbangela

I-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, ne-bronchiolitis yizinhlobo ezintathu zezifo zamaphaphu. Ngokuvamile zibangelwa igciwane noma amabhaktheriya.

Izilwanyana ezincane ezivame kakhulu ezibhekene ne-bronchitis zifaka:

• amagciwane afana negciwane lomkhuhlane noma igciwane lokuphefumula le-syncytial virus (RSV)
• amagciwane afana I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae, I-Chlamydia pneumoniae, futhi I-Bordetella pertussis

Izilwanyana ezincane ezivame kakhulu ezibhekene ne-pneumonia zifaka:

• amagciwane afana I-Streptococcus pneumonia (okuvame kakhulu), I-Haemophilus influenzae, futhi I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae
• amagciwane afana negciwane lomkhuhlane noma i-RSV

Akuvamile, ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kungabangelwa isikhunta njenge I-Pneumocystis jirovecii, Aspergillus, noma I-Histoplasma capsulatum.

Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu okukhunta kuvame kakhulu kubantu abagonyelwe ukuzivikela komzimba, kungaba kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezithile zomdlavuza noma i-HIV noma ekuthatheni imishanguzo yokuzivikela.

Ukuxilongwa

Udokotela uzoqala athathe umlando wezokwelapha abuze ngezimpawu zakho. Ungabuzwa imibuzo ngomsebenzi wakho, uhambo lwakamuva, noma ukuvezwa kwezilwane. Udokotela uzolinganisa izinga lokushisa kwakho bese elalela isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope ukuze ahlole imisindo equbukayo.

Ezinye izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuthola ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu zifaka:

• imaging, njenge-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan
• i-spirometry, ithuluzi elilinganisa ukuthi ungakanani futhi ushesha kangakanani ukungena emoyeni ngokuphefumula ngakunye
• ishayela i-oximetry ukukala izinga le-oxygen egazini lakho
• ukuthatha isampula le-mucus noma ukukhishwa kwamakhala ukuze uqhubeke nokuhlolwa
• swab umphimbo
• ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC)
• isiko legazi

Ukwelashwa

Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane ngokuvamile kudinga ama-antibiotic ukuze kususwe. Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu okukhunta kuzodinga ukwelashwa ngemithi yokubulala amagciwane, njenge ketoconazole noma i-voriconazole.

Ama-antibiotic ngeke asebenze ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane. Isikhathi esiningi, kuzofanela ulinde kuze kube yilapho umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka uwedwa.

Okwamanje, ungasiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ulwe nokutheleleka futhi uzenze ukhululeke ngokwengeziwe ngamakhambi okunakekela ikhaya alandelayo:

• thatha i-acetaminophen noma ibuprofen ukunciphisa umkhuhlane wakho
• phuza amanzi amaningi
• zama itiye elishisayo ngoju noma ujinja
• gaya amanzi anosawoti
• phumula ngangokunokwenzeka
• sebenzisa i-humidifier ukudala umswakama emoyeni
• thatha noma imuphi umuthi olwa namagciwane uze unqamuke

Ukuze uthole ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamaphaphu, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela ngesikhathi ululama. Ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwakho, ungathola ama-antibiotic, uketshezi olufakwa emithanjeni, kanye nokwelashwa kokuphefumula uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kungaba kubi uma kungalashwa. Ngokuvamile, bheka udokotela uma ukukhwehlela kwakho kuqhubeka ngaphezu kwamasonto amathathu, noma unenkinga yokuphefumula. Ungabhuka i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela endaweni yakho usebenzisa ithuluzi lethu le-Healthline FindCare.

Umkhuhlane ungasho izinto ezihlukile kuye ngeminyaka yakho. Ngokuvamile, kufanele ulandele le mihlahlandlela:

Izinsana

Bheka udokotela uma ingane yakho:

• ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu, izinga lokushisa lidlula u-100.4 ° F (38 ° C)
• phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezingu-6, ngiphethwe umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) futhi ubonakala ecasuke ngendlela engavamile, ecoboshisayo, noma engakhululeki
• phakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingama-24, ngiphethwe umkhuhlane ngaphezu kuka-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24

Izingane

Bheka udokotela uma ingane yakho:

• unomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-102.2 ° F (38.9 ° C)
• akanaluhlu noma uyacasuka, uhlanza ephindelela, noma uphethwe yikhanda elibi
• uphathwe ngumkhuhlane izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu
• unesifo esibucayi kwezokwelashwa noma amasosha omzimba ayekelele
• muva nje uye ezweni elisathuthuka

Abantu abadala

Kufanele wenze isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela uma:

• unezinga lokushisa lomzimba elingaphezu kuka-103 ° F (39.4 ° C)
• ngibe nomkhuhlane isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu
• unesifo esibucayi sezokwelapha noma amasosha omzimba abe buthakathaka
• ngisanda kufika ezweni elisathuthuka

Kufanele futhi ufune ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze noma ushayele ku-911 uma umkhuhlane uhambisana nanoma yiziphi ezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukudideka kwengqondo
• inkinga yokuphefumula
• intamo elukhuni
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• isithuthwane
• ukuphalaza okuqhubekayo
• ukuqhuma kwesikhumba okungavamile
• ukusangana
• ukukhala okungaduduzeki ezinganeni

Uma unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka futhi uba nomkhuhlane, ukuphefumula okuncane, noma ukukhwehlela okuletha igazi, funa usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Ukuvimbela

Akuzona zonke izifo zamaphaphu ezingavinjelwa, kepha unganciphisa ubungozi bakho ngala macebiso alandelayo:

• geza izandla njalo
• gwema ukuthinta ubuso noma umlomo
• gwema ukwabelana ngezinto, ukudla, noma iziphuzo nabanye abantu
• gwema ukuba sezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi lapho igciwane lingasakazeka kalula khona
• ungabhemi ugwayi
• thola umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka ukuvimbela ukutheleleka komkhuhlane

Kulabo abasengozini enkulu, indlela engcono yokuvimbela i-pneumonia yebhaktheriya ezinkingeni ezivame kakhulu zebhaktheriya ingenye yemigomo emibili:

• Umuthi wokugoma we-PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate
• Umuthi wokugoma we-PPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide

Le mithi yokugoma inconyelwa lokhu:

• izinsana
• abantu abadala asebekhulile
• abantu ababhemayo
• labo abanezimo zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona

Okubalulekile

Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kubangela izimpawu ezifana nokubanda noma umkhuhlane, kepha kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi kuvame ukuhlala isikhathi eside.

Amasosha akho omzimba ngokujwayelekile azokwazi ukusula ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu egciwane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kwamagciwane.

Bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unayo:

• ukuphefumula kanzima
• umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezindebeni zakho noma ezandleni zomunwe
• ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba
• umkhuhlane omkhulu
• ukukhwehlela nge-mucus eqhubeka iba yimbi

Abantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-65, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili, kanye nabantu abanezimo zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona noma amasosha omzimba abuthaka kufanele bafune ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma behlangabezana nezimpawu zokutheleleka kwamaphaphu.