Umdlavuza Wamasende

-Delile

• Uyini umdlavuza wamasende?
• Izici zobungozi zomdlavuza wamasende
• Izimpawu zomdlavuza wamasende
• Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza wamasende?
• Ukwelapha umdlavuza wamasende
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Izinkinga zomdlavuza wamasende

Uyini umdlavuza wamasende?

Umdlavuza wamasende wumdlavuza ovela kusende elilodwa noma womabili, noma kumasende. Amasende akho yizindlala zesilisa zokuzala ezitholakala ngaphakathi kwesikhwama sakho, okuyisikhwama sesikhumba esingezansi kwepipi lakho. Amasende akho anesibopho sokukhiqiza isidoda ne-testosterone testosterone.

Umdlavuza wamasende uvame ukuqala ngezinguquko kumaseli wegciwane. Lawa amaseli emasendeni akho akhiqiza isidoda. Lezi zicubu zamagciwane zingama-cancer angaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamathumba egciwane leseli:

• Ama-Seminomas angumdlavuza wamasende okhula kancane. Zivame ukuvalelwa emasendeni akho, kepha ama-lymph node akho nawo angahileleka.
• I-Nonseminomas yindlela ejwayelekile yomdlavuza wamasende. Lolu hlobo lukhula ngokushesha futhi lungasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Umdlavuza wamasende nawo ungaba khona ezicutshini ezikhiqiza ama-hormone. Lezi zicubu zibizwa ngokuthi izicubu ze-gonadal stromal.

Umdlavuza wamasende wumdlavuza otholakala kakhulu emadodeni aneminyaka yobudala eyi-15 kuya kwengama-35, kepha ungenzeka noma kunini. Futhi ingenye yomdlavuza owelaphekayo, noma ngabe usakazekele kwezinye izindawo.

Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, kulabo abanomdlavuza wamasende kusenesikhathi, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu likhulu kunamaphesenti angama-95.

Izici zobungozi zomdlavuza wamasende

Izici zobungozi ezingakhuphula ubungozi bokuba nomdlavuza wamasende zifaka:

• ukuba nomlando womndeni walesi sifo
• ukuba nentuthuko engajwayelekile yamasende
• ukuba ngowokuzalwa eCaucasus
• ukuba nesende elingafuneki, elibizwa ngokuthi i-cryptorchidism

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wamasende

Abanye besilisa abakhombisi zimpawu uma betholakala benomdlavuza wamasende. Lapho izimpawu zivela, zingabandakanya:

• Ubuhlungu bamasende noma ukungaphatheki kahle
• ukuvuvukala kwamasende
• ubuhlungu besisu noma beqolo obungezansi
• ukukhuliswa kwezicubu zesifuba

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu.

Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza wamasende?

Izivivinyo udokotela wakho angazisebenzisa ukuthola umdlavuza wamasende zingafaka:

• ukuhlolwa komzimba, okungaveza noma ikuphi ukungahleleki kwamasende, njengezigaxa noma ukuvuvukala
• i-ultrasound ukuhlola ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwamasende
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa nge-tumor marker ukuhlolwa, okungakhombisa amazinga aphakeme ezinto ezihlobene nomdlavuza wamasende, njenge-alpha-fetoprotein noma i-beta-human chorionic gonadotropin

Uma udokotela wakho esola umdlavuza, lonke isende lakho lingadinga ukususwa ukuze kutholwe isampula lesicubu. Lokhu ngeke kwenziwe uma isende lakho lisesesikhwameni ngoba ukwenza njalo kungadala umdlavuza ukuthi usabalale esikhunjeni.

Lapho kutholakala ukuxilongwa, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo ezinjenge-pelvic kanye ne-CT scan esiswini ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususakaze kwenye indawo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isiteji.

Izigaba zomdlavuza wamasende zimi kanje:

• ISigaba 1 sinqunyelwe esendeni.
• Isigaba 2 sesisabalalele kuma-lymph node esiswini.
• Isigaba 3 sesinabele nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvame ukusabalala luye emaphashini, isibindi, ubuchopho nethambo.

Umdlavuza uphinde uhlukaniswe ngokuya ngempendulo elindelekile ekwelashweni. Umbono ungaba muhle, ube maphakathi noma ube mpofu.

Ukwelapha umdlavuza wamasende

Kunezigaba ezintathu ezijwayelekile zokwelashwa ezisetshenziselwa umdlavuza wamasende. Ngokuya ngesigaba somdlavuza wakho, ungaphathwa ngendlela eyodwa noma eziningi.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa ukususa elilodwa noma womabili amasende akho namanye ama-lymph node azungezile kuwo womabili amabanga nokwelapha umdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingaphathwa ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi.

Imisebe yangaphandle isebenzisa umshini ohlose imisebe endaweni enomdlavuza. Imisebe yangaphakathi ifaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwembewu enomsakazo noma izintambo ezibekwe endaweni ethintekile. Leli fomu livame ukuphumelela ekwelapheni izingqungquthela.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa imithi ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kuyinto yokwelashwa okuhlelekile, okusho ukuthi kungabulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza ahambele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Uma ithathwa ngomlomo noma ngemithambo, ingahamba phakathi kwegazi lakho ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Ezimweni eziphambili kakhulu zomdlavuza wamasende, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okuphuza kakhulu kungalandelwa ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell. Lapho ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali sekuchithe amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ama-stem cells ayasetshenziswa futhi akhule abe ngamaseli egazi aphilile.

Izinkinga zomdlavuza wamasende

Yize umdlavuza wamasende wumdlavuza owelapheka kakhulu, usengasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Uma kususwa isende elilodwa noma womabili, ukuzala kwakho nakho kungathinteka. Ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa kuqale, buza udokotela wakho ngezinketho zakho zokugcina inzalo yakho.