Thoracentesis

-Delile

• Ukulungiselela i-thoracentesis
• Iyini inqubo ye-thoracentesis?
• Ziyini izingcuphe zenqubo?
• Ukulandela ngemuva kwenqubo

Kuyini i-thoracentesis?

I-Thoracentesis, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-pleural tap, inqubo eyenziwayo uma kunoketshezi oluningi kakhulu esikhaleni sokuvuma. Lokhu kuvumela ukwenziwa kocwaningo loketshezi olwenziwe elebhu ukuthola imbangela yokuqoqwa kuketshezi elizungeze elilodwa noma womabili amaphaphu. Isikhala sobuningi isikhala esincane esiphakathi kwamaphaphu nodonga lwesifuba. Lesi sikhala siqukethe cishe amathisipuni ama-4 oketshezi. Ezinye izimo zingadala uketshezi oluningi ukungena kulesi sikhala. Lezi zimo zifaka:

• izimila zomdlavuza
• inyumoniya noma okunye ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• izifo ezingapheli zamaphaphu

Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-pleural effusion. Uma kukhona uketshezi olweqile, lungacindezela amaphaphu futhi kubangele ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Umgomo we-thoracentesis ukukhipha uketshezi futhi wenze kube lula kuwe ukuthi uphinde uphefumule. Kwezinye izimo, inqubo izosiza nodokotela wakho ukuthola imbangela ye-pleural effusion.

Inani loketshezi elikhishwe liyahlukahluka kuye ngezizathu zokwenza inqubo. Imvamisa kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuye kwengu-15, kepha kungathatha isikhathi eside uma kunoketshezi oluningi esikhaleni sobuningi.

Udokotela wakho angenza futhi i-pleops biopsy ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthola isiqeshana sezicubu emgqeni wodonga lwakho lwangaphakathi lwesifuba. Imiphumela engavamile ku-biopsy ye-pleural ingabonisa izimbangela ezithile ze-effusion, kufaka phakathi:

• ukuba khona kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu
• mesothelioma, okuwumdlavuza ohlobene ne-asbestos wezicubu ezihlanganisa amaphaphu
• collagen isifo semithambo
• izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma ukhunta
• isifo se-parasitic

Ukulungiselela i-thoracentesis

Akukho ukulungiswa okukhethekile kwe-thoracentesis. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nenqubo. Kufanele futhi utshele udokotela wakho uma:

• njengamanje bathatha imishanguzo, kufaka phakathi abanciphisi begazi abanjengo-aspirin, i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), noma i-warfarin (i-Coumadin)
• ayizwani nanoma imiphi imithi
• unenkinga yokopha
• kungenzeka ukhulelwe
• babe nesibazi samaphaphu ezinkambisweni zangaphambilini
• Njengamanje unezifo zamaphaphu ezinjengomdlavuza wamaphaphu noma i-emphysema

Iyini inqubo ye-thoracentesis?

I-Thoracentesis ingenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela noma esibhedlela. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngenkathi uphapheme, kepha ungahlethiswa Uzodinga omunye umuntu ozokushayela ekhaya ngemuva kwenqubo uma uthambisile.

Ngemuva kokuhlala esihlalweni noma ulele etafuleni, uzobekwa ngendlela evumela udokotela ukuthi angene esikhaleni sokuncenga. I-ultrasound ingenziwa ukuthola indawo efanele lapho inaliti izohamba khona. Indawo ekhethiwe izohlanzwa futhi ijojowe nge-ejenti ekindikindiki.

Udokotela wakho uzofaka inaliti noma ithubhu engezansi kwezimbambo zakho esikhaleni sobuningi. Ungazizwa unengcindezi engakhululekile phakathi nale nqubo, kepha kufanele uhlale uthule kakhulu. Uketshezi olweqile luzokhishwa.

Lapho selukhiphiwe lonke uketshezi, kuzofakwa ibhandishi endaweni yokufaka. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinkinga, ungacelwa ukuba uhlale ubusuku esibhedlela ukuze ubhekwe. I-X-ray yokulandelela ingenziwa ngemuva nje kwe-thoracentesis.

Ziyini izingcuphe zenqubo?

Yonke inqubo ehlaselayo inezingozi, kepha imiphumela emibi ayijwayelekile nge-thoracentesis. Izingozi ezingaba khona zifaka:

• ubuhlungu
• ukopha
• ukuqongelelwa komoya (pneumothorax) ukusunduza emaphashini kubangele ukuwa kwamaphaphu
• ukutheleleka

Udokotela wakho uzobheka izingozi ngaphambi kwenqubo.

I-Thoracentesis akuyona inqubo efanelekile yawo wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi ungumuntu olungele yini ukuthola i-thoracentesis. Abantu abake bahlinzwa amaphaphu muva nje bangaba nesibazi, okungenza inqubo ibe nzima.

Abantu okungafanele bangene ku-thoracentesis bafaka abantu:

• ngesifo sokopha
• ukuthatha izinciphisi zegazi
• ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukukhuliswa kwenhliziyo ngamaphaphu abhajwe

Ukulandela ngemuva kwenqubo

Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo isiphelile, okubalulekile kwakho kuzobhekwa, futhi ungahle uthathwe i-X-ray yamaphaphu akho. Udokotela wakho uzokuvumela ukuthi uye ekhaya uma isilinganiso sakho sokuphefumula, ukugcwaliswa komoya-mpilo, umfutho wegazi, nokushaya kwenhliziyo konke kulungile. Iningi labantu abane-thoracentesis lingaya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo.

Uzokwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yakho ejwayelekile ngokushesha ngemuva kwenqubo. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi ugweme ukuvivinya umzimba izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kwenqubo.

Udokotela wakho uzokuchaza ukuthi uyinakekela kanjani indawo yokubhoboza. Qiniseka ukuthi ushayela udokotela wakho uma uqala ukuba nezimpawu zokutheleleka. Izimpawu zokutheleleka zifaka:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• ekhwehlela igazi
• umkhuhlane noma amakhaza
• ubuhlungu lapho udonsa umoya
• ububomvu, ubuhlungu, noma ukopha ezungeze indawo yenaliti